1
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Kumari A, Sharma S, Sengupta S. Molecular rotors of naphthalimide and benzodithiophene as effective solvent polarity probes, temperature sensors, and for g-C 3 N 4 sensitization. Photochem Photobiol 2024. [PMID: 38459693 DOI: 10.1111/php.13931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Acceptor-donor-acceptor (A-D-A) molecular rotors have drawn substantial attention for their applications in monitoring temperature variations within cellular microenvironments, biomimetic photocatalysis, and bioimaging. In this study, we have synthesized two novel rotor molecules, NBN1 and NBN2, by incorporating benzodithiophene (BDT) as the donor core and naphthalic anhydride/naphthalimide (NA/NI) moieties as acceptors using Pd-catalyzed Stille coupling reactions. These molecules exhibited distinct charge transfer (CT) behavior in both their absorption and emission spectra and displayed prominent emission solvatochromism. Notably, NBN1 exhibited better CT properties among the two molecules. Moreover, these A-D-A molecular rotors demonstrated remarkable sensitivities of their emission spectra toward solvent polarities and temperatures. Rotors NBN1 and NBN2 showed positive temperature coefficients with internal temperature sensitivities of 0.34% °C-1 and 0.13% °C-1 in chloroform, respectively, and thus hold significant promise for detecting temperature variations in cellular microenvironment. Furthermore, we have modeled these molecules with graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3 N4 ) to form composite systems and performed theoretical calculations to obtain valuable insights into their charge transfer behavior. Theoretical results suggested that these molecules have the potential to efficiently sensitize and modulate the band gap of g-C3 N4 and show potential for diverse photocatalytic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Kumari
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Mohali, India
| | - Sushil Sharma
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Mohali, India
| | - Sanchita Sengupta
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Mohali, India
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2
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Yu J, Fan J, Song Y, Zhao Y, Lin Z, Jiang L, Li H. Near-infrared fluorescent probe with large Stokes shift for specific detection of lysine. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 308:123734. [PMID: 38064966 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
A new near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probe CL based on coumarin- dicyanoisophorone was synthesized. Addition of Lys to probe CL solution in DMF/H2O (9:1, v/v) medium resulted in noticeable enhancement in the intensity of the fluorescence emission at 702 nm, accompanying distinct color change from yellow to pink. While addition of other amino acids and biothiols (Gly, Hcy, GSH, Glu, Val, Tyr, Arg, Trp, Lys, His, Leu, Phe, Asp and Met) did not bring about substantial changes in both fluorescence emission and color. The detection limit was calculated to be 0.51 μM. Job's plot test revealed that probe CL and Lys formed a complex of 1:1 stoichiometry. Probe CL showed high stability and could be used to recognize Lys in a wide pH range of 4.0-10.0. The sensing mechanism was proposed and verified by 1H NMR spectral measurement. The dual-modal fluorescence turn-on and colorimetric NIR probe with an extremely large Stokes shift of 280 nm may be utilized for highly specific and practical sensing of Lys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jirui Yu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Ji Fan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yanxi Song
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Material Engineering, Huainan Normal University, 232038, Huainan, Anhui Province, China
| | - Ziyun Lin
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Lin Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Hongqi Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
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3
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Mao Y, Davis S, Pu L. Regio- and Enantioselective Macrocyclization from Dynamic Imine Formation: Chemo- and Enantioselective Fluorescent Recognition of Lysine. Org Lett 2023; 25:7639-7644. [PMID: 37843813 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c02949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
The dynamic covalent chemistry of imines is utilized to conduct a regioselective as well as enantioselective synthesis of an unsymmetric (C1) chiral macrocycle from the reaction of an unsymmetric (C1) chiral dialdehyde, (S)-4, that contains a salicylaldehyde unit and a benzaldehyde unit, with lysine, an unsymmetric (C1) chiral diamine. The enantioselectivity is further enhanced in the presence of Zn2+. Compound (S)-4 in combination with Zn2+ is found to be a highly chemoselective as well as enantioselective fluorescent probe for lysine. It can be used to detect specific enantiomers of this amino acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Mao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Stephanie Davis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Lin Pu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
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Zhang T, Yang Z, He X, Guo L, Wang J, Jiang X, Shen R, Lu X. A ratiometric fluorescent dye for detection of Lys and Arg and its bioimaging in live cells and zebrafish larvae. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 15:703-708. [PMID: 36691870 DOI: 10.1039/d2ay01740g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A ratiometric and pH-sensitive fluorescent dye named IDE was applied to the detection of argine and lysine from common amino acids and exploited to monitor the Lys and Arg levels in living cells and zebrafish larvae successfully. IDE will be a useful fluorescence indicator of pH changes by Lys and Arg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongxin Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China.
- College of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Zhengfei Yang
- Shanghai Laboratory Animal Research Center, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Xiaoyan He
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China.
| | - Luxin Guo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China.
| | - Jincheng Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China.
| | - Xuewen Jiang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China.
| | - Ruling Shen
- Shanghai Laboratory Animal Research Center, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Xiuhong Lu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China.
- College of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
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5
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Yang J, Jiang L, Tian J, Yu S, Yu X, Pu L. Fluorous Phase-Enhanced Fluorescent Sensitivity for Enantioselective Recognition of Lysine. Org Lett 2022; 24:9327-9331. [PMID: 36508501 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c03962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A novel fluorinated chiral dialdehyde (S,S)-1, prepared from (S,S)- or (R,R)-2,6-bis(1-hydroxyethyl)pyridine and 2-naphthol containing a highly fluorinated alkyl group, is found to show enantioselective and chemoselective fluorescent recognition of lysine in the fluorous phase. We discovered that the fluorous phase greatly enhances the fluorescent sensitivity and selectivity of the probe. Thus, the fluorous phase not only can allow the fluorescence measurement to be conducted away from common organic and aqueous media to minimize undesirable interference but also can provide a unique environment to greatly improve the selective fluorescent response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqiao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Le Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Jun Tian
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Shanshan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Xiaoqi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.,Asymmetric Synthesis and Chiral Technology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Chemistry, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, P. R. China
| | - Lin Pu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
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Sharma S, Srinivas S, Rakshit S, Sengupta S. Aminoindole and naphthalimide based charge transfer fluorescent probes for pH sensing and live cell imaging. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:9422-9430. [PMID: 36408696 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01614a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescent probes are essential for imaging of cancer cells and for tracking organelles inside cells. We have synthesized three molecular rotors AIN, AINP and F-AINP based on 1-aminoindole (AI) as an electron donor and naphthalimide as an electron acceptor. All compounds showed charge transfer (CT) character, aggregation induced emission (AIE) and emission responsiveness towards temperature variation and solvent viscosity. AINP was most sensitive towards viscosity among all molecules with a viscosity sensitivity of ∼0.37. AIN, AINP and F-AINP showed negative temperature coefficients in chloroform with internal sensitivities of -0.04% °C-1, -0.08% °C-1 and -0.1% °C-1, respectively. Furthermore, all the rotors were sensitive towards the pH of the solvent environment as revealed by acid titration and base back-titration and served as colorimetric pH sensors with intriguing photophysical characteristics. Additionally, AINP and F-AINP were used to image the live cancer cell line A549 and the fibroblast cell line L929, and the imaging studies revealed the incorporation of dyes in the cytoplasmic space of the cells except for the nuclei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushil Sharma
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Knowledge City, Sector 81, P.O. Manauli, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India.
| | - Sai Srinivas
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Knowledge City, Sector 81, P.O. Manauli, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India.
| | - Sabyasachi Rakshit
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Knowledge City, Sector 81, P.O. Manauli, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India.
| | - Sanchita Sengupta
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Knowledge City, Sector 81, P.O. Manauli, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India.
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7
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Water-Soluble Single-Benzene Chromophores: Excited State Dynamics and Fluorescence Detection. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27175522. [PMID: 36080287 PMCID: PMC9457774 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Two water-soluble single-benzene-based chromophores, 2,5-di(azetidine-1-yl)-tereph- thalic acid (DAPA) and its disodium carboxylate (DAP-Na), were conveniently obtained. Both chromophores preserved moderate quantum yields in a wide range of polar and protonic solvents. Spectroscopic studies demonstrated that DAPA exhibited red luminescence as well as large Stokes shift (>200 nm) in aqueous solutions. Femtosecond transient absorption spectra illustrated quadrupolar DAPA usually involved the formation of an intramolecular charge transfer state. Its Frank−Condon state could be rapidly relaxed to a slight symmetry-breaking state upon light excitation following the solvent relaxation, then the slight charge separation may occur and the charge localization became partially asymmetrical in polar environments. Density functional theory (DFT) calculation results were supported well with the experimental measurements. Unique pH-dependent fluorescent properties endows the two chromophores with rapid, highly selective, and sensitive responses to the amino acids in aqueous media. In detail, DAPA served as a fluorescence turn-on probe with a detection limit (DL) of 0.50 μM for Arg and with that of 0.41 μM for Lys. In contrast, DAP-Na featured bright green luminescence and showed fluorescence turn-off responses to Asp and Glu with the DLs of 0.12 μM and 0.16 μM, respectively. Meanwhile, these two simple-structure probes exhibited strong anti-interference ability towards other natural amino acids and realized visual identification of specific analytes. The present work helps to understand the photophysic−structure relationship of these kinds of compounds and render their fluorescent detection applications.
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Yang B, Zhou J, Huang X, Chen Z, Tian S, Shi Y. A New Pyrroloquinoline-Derivative-Based Fluorescent Probe for the Selective Detection and Cell Imaging of Lysine. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15040474. [PMID: 35455471 PMCID: PMC9029482 DOI: 10.3390/ph15040474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In this paper, a new pyrroloquinoline-derivative-based fluorescent probe, PQP-1, was prepared for the selective detection of Lys in living cells and natural mineral water for drinking. PQP-1 exhibited high selectivity, low limit of detection, and a wide pH range. PQP-1 could be successfully applied for imaging Lys in living cells and in natural mineral water for drinking. We expect that PQP-1 will expand the detection reaction mechanism and the practical biological applications of Lys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China; (J.Z.); (Y.S.)
- Correspondence: (B.Y.); (Z.C.); (S.T.)
| | - Jiahua Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China; (J.Z.); (Y.S.)
| | - Xu Huang
- Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China;
| | - Zhongping Chen
- Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China;
- Correspondence: (B.Y.); (Z.C.); (S.T.)
| | - Shu Tian
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China; (J.Z.); (Y.S.)
- Correspondence: (B.Y.); (Z.C.); (S.T.)
| | - Yujun Shi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China; (J.Z.); (Y.S.)
- School of Textile and Clothing, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
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9
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Chen M, Qi C, Yin YT, Lv P, Xiang S, Tian J, Feng Zhao J, Feng HT, Tang BZ. Enantioselective determination of chiral acids and amino acids by chiral receptors with aggregation-induced emissions. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo01073a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The chiral AIEgens showed satisfying enantiomer discrimination not only for amino acids but also for chiral acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Chen
- AIE Research Center, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji 721013, China
| | - Chunxuan Qi
- AIE Research Center, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji 721013, China
| | - Yu-Ting Yin
- AIE Research Center, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji 721013, China
| | - Panpan Lv
- AIE Research Center, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji 721013, China
| | - Song Xiang
- AIE Research Center, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji 721013, China
| | - Jingjing Tian
- AIE Research Center, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji 721013, China
| | - Jing Feng Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Hai-Tao Feng
- AIE Research Center, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji 721013, China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- School of Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172, China
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