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Nidhi HV, Koppad VS, Babu AM, Varghese A. Properties, Synthesis and Emerging Applications of Graphdiyne: A Journey Through Recent Advancements. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2024; 382:19. [PMID: 38762848 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-024-00466-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Graphdiyne (GDY) is a new variant of nano-carbon material with excellent chemical, physical and electronic properties. It has attracted wide attention from researchers and industrialists for its extensive role in the fields of optics, electronics, bio-medics and energy. The unique arrangement of sp-sp2 carbon atoms, linear acetylenic linkages, uniform pores and highly conjugated structure offer numerous potentials for further exploration of GDY materials. However, since the material is at its infancy, not much understanding is available regarding its properties, growth mechanism and future applications. Therefore, in this review, readers are guided through a brief discussion on GDY's properties, different synthesis procedures with a special focus on surface functionalization and a list of applications for GDY. The review also critically analyses the advantages and disadvantages of each synthesis route and emphasizes the future scope of the material.
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Affiliation(s)
- H V Nidhi
- CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Bangalore, Karnataka, 560029, India
| | - Vinayaka S Koppad
- CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Bangalore, Karnataka, 560029, India
| | - Ann Mariella Babu
- CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Bangalore, Karnataka, 560029, India
| | - Anitha Varghese
- CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Bangalore, Karnataka, 560029, India.
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Lin Y, Wu J, Wu Y, Ma R, Zhou Y, Shi J, Li M, Tan X, Huang K. An all-graphdiyne electrochemiluminescence biosensor for the ultrasensitive detection of microRNA-21 based on target recycling with DNA cascade reaction for signal amplification. Analyst 2023; 148:1330-1336. [PMID: 36857694 DOI: 10.1039/d3an00146f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Graphdiyne oxide quantum dots (GDYO QDs), as derivatives of graphdiyne (GDY), have excellent electroconductibility and luminous properties and can be applied as a new ECL emitter. Herein, an electrochemiluminescence (ECL) biosensor for miRNA-21 ultrasensitive determination is constructed based on AuNPs/GDY, GDYO QD and oligonucleotide signal amplification strategy that integrates DNA walker and hybridization chain reaction (HCR) amplification. As electrode substrate material, AuNPs/GDY can not only bond with the aptamer CP but can also enhance the conductivity of the interface. When miRNA-21 exists, the DNA walker process is initiated, and the signaling probes are introduced on the electrode surface, producing abundant double-stranded H1/H2; then, H3/H4 undergoes complementary base pairing with H1/H2 through HCR. With the increase in miRNA-21, the 3D DNA nanomachine is actively manipulated, resulting in a gradual increase in ECL signal. This ECL biosensor demonstrates outstanding performance in the determination of miRNA-21 in the linear range from 0.1 fM to 1 nM. This study offers a new sensitive idea for the clinical analysis of cancer biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Lin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Minzu University, Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Key Laboratory of Applied Analytical Chemistry (Guangxi Minzu University), Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530006, China. .,Faculty of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530001, China
| | - Jiawen Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Minzu University, Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Key Laboratory of Applied Analytical Chemistry (Guangxi Minzu University), Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530006, China.
| | - Yeyu Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Minzu University, Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Key Laboratory of Applied Analytical Chemistry (Guangxi Minzu University), Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530006, China.
| | - Rongxian Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Minzu University, Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Key Laboratory of Applied Analytical Chemistry (Guangxi Minzu University), Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530006, China.
| | - Yuyi Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Minzu University, Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Key Laboratory of Applied Analytical Chemistry (Guangxi Minzu University), Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530006, China.
| | - Jinyue Shi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Minzu University, Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Key Laboratory of Applied Analytical Chemistry (Guangxi Minzu University), Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530006, China.
| | - Mingxiang Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Minzu University, Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Key Laboratory of Applied Analytical Chemistry (Guangxi Minzu University), Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530006, China.
| | - Xuecai Tan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Minzu University, Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Key Laboratory of Applied Analytical Chemistry (Guangxi Minzu University), Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530006, China.
| | - Kejing Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Minzu University, Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Key Laboratory of Applied Analytical Chemistry (Guangxi Minzu University), Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530006, China.
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Qi H, Tong Y, Zhang M, Wu X, Yue L. Boron-Doped and Ketonic Carbonyl Group-Enriched Graphdiyne as a Dual-Site Carbon Nanozyme with Enhanced Peroxidase-Like Activity. Anal Chem 2022; 94:17272-17278. [PMID: 36453922 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c04239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate the preparation of a dual-site carbon nanozyme, boron-doped and ketonic carbonyl (-C=O) group-enriched graphdiyne (B-GDY), with an enhanced peroxidase-like activity. Taking advantage of acidic oxidation treatment, GDY oxide (GDYO) with abundant surface oxygen-containing groups is obtained from pristine bulk GDY. Upon further thermal annealing of GDYO with H3BO3 under an inert atmosphere, B is introduced into GDY, while the loading of -C=O groups is increased onto B-GDY. We discover that boron-doped and ketonic carbonyl group-enriched graphdiyne as a dual-site carbon nanozyme endows it with an enhanced peroxidase-like activity, which is nearly 4.2-fold higher than that of GDY without B atoms and 6.6-fold higher than that of GDYO without B atoms and with low loading of -C=O groups. The high peroxidase-like activity of B-GDY is ascribed to the dual active sites (-C=O group and B atom) within it, which facilitates the adsorption and decomposition of H2O2 into hydroxyl radicals revealed by experimental and theoretical studies. Moreover, B-GDY is successfully employed to develop a colorimetric method for the detection of glucose with good sensitivity and selectivity. This work probes into the intrinsic peroxidase activity and structure-reactivity correlation, creating effective strategies for the preparation of GDY-based nanozymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hetong Qi
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxi Tong
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengyue Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuemei Wu
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Yue
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, People's Republic of China
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