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Ye Q, Wang J, Guo R, Chen G, Shen Y, Wu Y, Wang J, Lin Z, Wang K, Chen J, Peng Y. Enhancing antitumor efficacy of NIR-I region zinc phthalocyanine@upconversion nanoparticle through lysosomal escape and mitochondria targeting. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2024; 255:112923. [PMID: 38692166 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2024.112923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Accurately visualizing the intracellular trafficking of upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) loaded with phthalocyanines and achieving precise photodynamic therapy (PDT) using near-infrared (NIR) laser irradiation still present challenges. In this study, a novel NIR laser-triggered upconversion luminescence (UCL) imaging-guided nanoparticle called FA@TPA-NH-ZnPc@UCNPs (FTU) was developed for PDT. FTU consisted of UCNPs, folic acid (FA), and triphenylamino-phenylaniline zinc phthalocyanine (TPA-NH-ZnPc). Notably, TPA-NH-ZnPc showcases aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristic and NIR absorption properties at 741 nm, synthesized initially via molybdenum-catalyzed condensation reaction. The UCL emitted by FTU enable real-time visualization of their subcellular localization and intracellular trafficking within ovarian cancer HO-8910 cells. Fluorescence images revealed that FTU managed to escape from lysosomes due to the "proton sponge" effect of TPA-NH-ZnPc. The FA ligands on the surface of FTU further directed their transport and accumulation within mitochondria. When excited by a 980 nm laser, FTU exhibited UCL and activated TPA-NH-ZnPc, consequently generating cytotoxic singlet oxygen (1O2), disrupted mitochondrial function and induced apoptosis in cancer cells, which demonstrated great potential for tumor ablation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuhao Ye
- College of Chemistry & Material, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350100, China
| | - Jiao Wang
- College of Photonic & Electronic Engineering, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350100, China
| | - Ruotao Guo
- College of Chemistry & Material, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350100, China
| | - Guizhi Chen
- College of Chemistry & Material, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350100, China
| | - Yating Shen
- College of Chemistry & Material, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350100, China
| | - Yijin Wu
- College of Chemistry & Material, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350100, China
| | - Jingtang Wang
- College of Chemistry & Material, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350100, China
| | - Zeyu Lin
- College of Photonic & Electronic Engineering, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350100, China
| | - Kun Wang
- College of Photonic & Electronic Engineering, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350100, China.
| | - Jianling Chen
- College of Photonic & Electronic Engineering, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350100, China.
| | - Yiru Peng
- College of Chemistry & Material, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350100, China.
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Huang Y, Liu G, Zheng F, Chen J, Lin Y, Wang J, Huang Y, Peng Y. Asymmetric silicon phthalocyanine based nanoparticle with spatiotemporally targeting of mitochondria for synergistic apoptosis-ferroptosis antitumor treatment. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2024; 238:113890. [PMID: 38608462 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2024.113890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
A promising therapeutic strategy in cancer treatment merges photodynamic therapy (PDT) induced apoptosis with ferroptosis, a form of programmed cell death governed by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. Given the pivotal role of mitochondria in ferroptosis, the development of photosensitizers that specifically provoke mitochondrial dysfunction and consequentially trigger ferroptosis via PDT is of significant interest. To this end, we have designed and synthesized a novel nanoparticle, termed FECTPN, tailored to address this requisite. FECTPN harnesses a trifecta of critical attributes: precision mitochondria targeting, photoactivation capability, pH-responsive drug release, and synergistic apoptosis-ferroptosis antitumor treatment. This nanoparticle was formulated by conjugating an asymmetric silicon phthalocyanine, Chol-SiPc-TPP, with the ferroptosis inducer Erastin onto a ferritin. The Chol-SiPc-TPP is a chemically crafted entity featuring cholesteryl (Chol) and triphenylphosphine (TPP) functionalities bonded axially to the silicon phthalocyanine, enhancing mitochondrial affinity and leading to effective PDT and subsequent apoptosis of cells. Upon cellular uptake, FECTPN preferentially localizes to mitochondria, facilitated by Chol-SiPc-TPP's targeting mechanics. Photoactivation induces the synchronized release of Chol-SiPc-TPP and Erastin in the mitochondria's alkaline domain, driving the escalation of both ROSs and lipid peroxidation. These processes culminate in elevated antitumor activity compared to the singular application of Chol-SiPc-TPP-mediated PDT. A notable observation is the pronounced enhancement in glutathione peroxidase-4 (GPX4) expression within MCF-7 cells treated with FECTPN and subjected to light exposure, reflecting intensified oxidative stress. This study offers compelling evidence that FECTPN can effectively induce ferroptosis and reinforces the paradigm of a synergistic apoptosis-ferroptosis pathway in cancer therapy, proposing a novel route for augmented antitumor treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Huang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Guowei Liu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Fangmei Zheng
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jianling Chen
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology, Institute of Laser and Optoelectronics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Youyu Lin
- Provincial University Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Response and Metabolic Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Junwei Wang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yide Huang
- Provincial University Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Response and Metabolic Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China.
| | - Yiru Peng
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China.
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Zhang T, Huang Y, Chen X, Zheng F, Shen Y, Chen G, Ye Q, Chen K, Xiao X, Peng Y. Tetraphenylethylene-based AIE nanoprobes for labeling lysosome by two-photon imaging in living cells. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 306:123630. [PMID: 37948932 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Lysosomes are essential cellular organelles, serving vital functions in cellular metabolism and degradation. The design of specifically targeting lysosomes probes with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics using two-photon excitation techniques is significance and challenging work. Here we designed and synthesized two tetraphenylethylene (TPE)-based AIE fluorescence probes, naming TPE-Ma and TPE-Py, with TPE as the matrix and morpholine (Ma) or pyrrolidone (Py) as the targeting group. These probes exhibit a significant Stokes shift, low cytotoxicity, two-photo fluorescence imaging and lysosome-specific targeting capability ensuring their suitability for fluorescence imaging applications. To enhance the water solubility and cellular accumulation of TPE-Ma and TPE-Py in tumor cells, we employed a biocompatible polymer 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[methoxy(polyethylene glycol)-2000] (DSPE-mPEG2000) as a nanocarrier. By encapsulating TPE-Ma and TPE-Py within DSPE-mPEG2000, we successfully developed two AIE fluorescent nanoprobes known as DSPE@ TPE-Ma and DSPE@ TPE-Py. The results demonstrated that fluorescent nanoprobes DSPE@ TPE-Ma and DSPE@ TPE-Py possess excellent cell permeability, biocompatibility, superior photostability and specific targeting towards lysosomes in MCF-7 cells. Our findings highlight the potential of these fluorescent nanoprobes as effective tools for two-photon fluorescence imaging and targeted detection of lysosomes in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Zhang
- College of Chemistry & Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yan Huang
- College of Chemistry & Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiuqin Chen
- College of Chemistry & Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Fangmei Zheng
- College of Chemistry & Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yating Shen
- College of Chemistry & Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Guizhi Chen
- College of Chemistry & Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qiuhao Ye
- College of Chemistry & Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Kuizhi Chen
- College of Chemistry & Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiufeng Xiao
- College of Chemistry & Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yiru Peng
- College of Chemistry & Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China.
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Nady DS, Hassan A, Amin MU, Bakowsky U, Fahmy SA. Recent Innovations of Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles Combined with Photodynamic Therapy for Improving Cancer Treatment. Pharmaceutics 2023; 16:14. [PMID: 38276492 PMCID: PMC10821275 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16010014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a global health burden and is one of the leading causes of death. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is considered an alternative approach to conventional cancer treatment. PDT utilizes a light-sensitive compound, photosensitizers (PSs), light irradiation, and molecular oxygen (O2). This generates cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can trigger necrosis and/ or apoptosis, leading to cancer cell death in the intended tissues. Classical photosensitizers impose limitations that hinder their clinical applications, such as long-term skin photosensitivity, hydrophobic nature, nonspecific targeting, and toxic cumulative effects. Thus, nanotechnology emerged as an unorthodox solution for improving the hydrophilicity and targeting efficiency of PSs. Among nanocarriers, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) have gained increasing attention due to their high surface area, defined pore size and structure, ease of surface modification, stable aqueous dispersions, good biocompatibility, and optical transparency, which are vital for PDT. The advancement of integrated MSNs/PDT has led to an inspiring multimodal nanosystem for effectively treating malignancies. This review gives an overview of the main components and mechanisms of the PDT process, the effect of PDT on tumor cells, and the most recent studies that reported the benefits of incorporating PSs into silica nanoparticles and integration with PDT against different cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doaa Sayed Nady
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Afnan Hassan
- Biomedical Sciences Program, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza 12578, Egypt
| | - Muhammad Umair Amin
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, University of Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 4, 35037 Marburg, Germany
| | - Udo Bakowsky
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, University of Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 4, 35037 Marburg, Germany
| | - Sherif Ashraf Fahmy
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire Hosted by Global Academic Foundation, R5 New Garden City, New Capital, Cairo 11835, Egypt
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Erden F. Graphene Oxide/Cholesterol-Substituted Zinc Phthalocyanine Composites with Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy Properties. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:7060. [PMID: 38004990 PMCID: PMC10672206 DOI: 10.3390/ma16227060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, cholesterol (Chol)-substituted zinc phthalocyanine (Chol-ZnPc) and its composite with graphene oxide (GO) were prepared for photodynamic therapy (PDT) applications. Briefly, Chol-substituted phthalonitrile (Chol-phthalonitrile) was synthesized first through the substitution of Chol to the phthalonitrile group over the oxygen bridge. Then, Chol-ZnPc was synthesized by a tetramerization reaction of Chol-phthalonitrile with ZnCl2 in a basic medium. Following this, GO was introduced to Chol-ZnPc, and the successful preparation of the samples was verified through FT-IR, UV-Vis, 1H-NMR, MALDI-TOF MS, SEM, and elemental analysis. Regarding PDT properties, we report that Chol-ZnPc exhibited a singlet oxygen quantum yield (Φ∆) of 0.54, which is slightly lower than unsubstituted ZnPc. Upon introduction of GO, the GO/Chol-ZnPc composite exhibited a higher Φ∆, about 0.78, than that of unsubstituted ZnPc. Moreover, this enhancement was realized with a simultaneous improvement in fluorescence quantum yield (ΦF) to 0.36. In addition, DPPH results suggest low antioxidant activity in the composite despite the presence of GO. Overall, GO/Chol-ZnPc might provide combined benefits for PDT, particularly in terms of image guidance and singlet oxygen generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuat Erden
- Department of Aeronautical Engineering, Sivas University of Science and Technology, 58000 Sivas, Türkiye
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Yu H, Chen J, Chen X, Zhang T, Li Y, Chen K, Peng Y, Chen L. Morpholinyl silicon phthalocyanine nanoparticles with lysosome cell death and two-photon imaging functions for in vitro photodynamic therapy of cancer cells. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1181448. [PMID: 37214289 PMCID: PMC10196173 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1181448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The lysosome is an important target for realizing antitumor therapy. Lysosomal cell death exerts significant therapeutic effects on apoptosis and drug-resistance. The development of lysosome-targeting nanoparticles to obtain efficient cancer treatment is challenging. In this article, nanoparticles composed of DSPE@M-SiPc and possessing bright two-photon fluorescence, lysosome targeting ability, and photodynamic therapy multifunctionalities are prepared by encapsulating morpholinyl-substituted silicon phthalocyanine (M-SiPc) with 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[methoxy(poly(ethylene glycol))-2000] (DSPE). Two photon fluorescence bioimaging showed that M-SiPc and DSPE@M-SiPc mainly locate in lysosomes after cellular internalization. Upon irradiation, DSPE@M-SiPc effectively generates reactive oxygen species and damages the function of lysosome, subsequently leading to lysosomal cell death. DSPE@M-SiPc is a promising photosensitizer for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjie Yu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jianling Chen
- College of Photonic & Electronic Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiuqin Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Tiantian Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yuyang Li
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Kuizhi Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yiru Peng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Linying Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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Liu G, Guo Q, Huang B, Guan X, Ye Q, Zhuang X, Peng Y. Fluorinated/non-fluorinated triphenylamine axially substituted silicon phthalocyanine: Synthesis and photophysical properties. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2022.109490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Dickerson SD, Ayare PJ, Vannucci AK, Wiskur SL. Exploration of silicon phthalocyanines as viable photocatalysts for organic transformations. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2021.113547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Pham TC, Nguyen VN, Choi Y, Lee S, Yoon J. Recent Strategies to Develop Innovative Photosensitizers for Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy. Chem Rev 2021; 121:13454-13619. [PMID: 34582186 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 526] [Impact Index Per Article: 175.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This review presents a robust strategy to design photosensitizers (PSs) for various species. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a photochemical-based treatment approach that involves the use of light combined with a light-activated chemical, referred to as a PS. Attractively, PDT is one of the alternatives to conventional cancer treatment due to its noninvasive nature, high cure rates, and low side effects. PSs play an important factor in photoinduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Although the concept of photosensitizer-based photodynamic therapy has been widely adopted for clinical trials and bioimaging, until now, to our surprise, there has been no relevant review article on rational designs of organic PSs for PDT. Furthermore, most of published review articles in PDT focused on nanomaterials and nanotechnology based on traditional PSs. Therefore, this review aimed at reporting recent strategies to develop innovative organic photosensitizers for enhanced photodynamic therapy, with each example described in detail instead of providing only a general overview, as is typically done in previous reviews of PDT, to provide intuitive, vivid, and specific insights to the readers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanh Chung Pham
- Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea
| | - Van-Nghia Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Yeonghwan Choi
- Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea
| | - Songyi Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea.,Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea
| | - Juyoung Yoon
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
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Park JM, Jung CY, Jang WD, Jaung JY. Silicon Tetrapyrazinoporphyrazine Derivatives-Incorporated Carbohydrate-Based Block Copolymer Micelles for Photodynamic Therapy. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:1988-2000. [PMID: 35014324 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Developing nonaggregated photosensitizers (PSs) for efficient photodynamic therapy (PDT) using polymeric micelles (PMs) has been challenging. In this study, axially substituted nonaggregated silicon tetrapyrazinoporphyrazine (SiTPyzPz) derivatives in carbohydrate-based block glycopolymer-based PMs were designed and used as PSs for PDT. To achieve the nonaggregated PSs, SiTPyzPz was axially substituted with trihexylsiloxy (THS) groups to form SiTPyzPz-THS, which exhibited highly monomeric behaviors in organic solvents. Moreover, three block copolymers were prepared via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. Each copolymer comprised hydrophobic polystyrene blocks and loadable SiTPyzPz-THS, and one or two consisted of two possible hydrophilic blocks, polyethylene glycol or poly(glucosylethyl methacrylate). The self-assembly of SiTPyzPz-THS and the block copolymers in aqueous solvents induced the formation of spherical PMs with core-shell or core-shell-corona structures. The SiTPyzPz-THS in the PMs exhibited monomeric state, intense fluorescence emission, and outstanding singlet oxygen generation; moreover, it did not form aggregates. During the in vitro test, which was performed to investigate the PDT efficiency, the PMs, which consisted of poly(glucosylethyl methacrylate) shells, exhibited high photocytotoxicity and cellular internalization ability. Consequently, the PM systems of nonaggregated PSs and carbohydrate-based block copolymers could become very promising materials for PDT owing to their photophysicochemical properties and considerable selectivity against cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Min Park
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Young Jung
- Department of Organic and Nano Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Dong Jang
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Yun Jaung
- Department of Organic and Nano Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
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