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Jang I, S A Carneiro J, Crawford JO, Cho YJ, Parvin S, Gonzalez-Casamachin DA, Baltrusaitis J, Lively RP, Nikolla E. Electrocatalysis in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells and Electrolyzers. Chem Rev 2024; 124:8233-8306. [PMID: 38885684 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.4c00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Interest in energy-to-X and X-to-energy (where X represents green hydrogen, carbon-based fuels, or ammonia) technologies has expanded the field of electrochemical conversion and storage. Solid oxide electrochemical cells (SOCs) are among the most promising technologies for these processes. Their unmatched conversion efficiencies result from favorable thermodynamics and kinetics at elevated operating temperatures (400-900 °C). These solid-state electrochemical systems exhibit flexibility in reversible operation between fuel cell and electrolysis modes and can efficiently utilize a variety of fuels. However, electrocatalytic materials at SOC electrodes remain nonoptimal for facilitating reversible operation and fuel flexibility. In this Review, we explore the diverse range of electrocatalytic materials utilized in oxygen-ion-conducting SOCs (O-SOCs) and proton-conducting SOCs (H-SOCs). We examine their electrochemical activity as a function of composition and structure across different electrochemical reactions to highlight characteristics that lead to optimal catalytic performance. Catalyst deactivation mechanisms under different operating conditions are discussed to assess the bottlenecks in performance. We conclude by providing guidelines for evaluating the electrochemical performance of electrode catalysts in SOCs and for designing effective catalysts to achieve flexibility in fuel usage and mode of operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inyoung Jang
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Juliana S A Carneiro
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Joshua O Crawford
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Yoon Jin Cho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Sahanaz Parvin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Diego A Gonzalez-Casamachin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Jonas Baltrusaitis
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Ryan P Lively
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Eranda Nikolla
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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Guo K, Liu M, Wang B, Lou J, Hao Y, Pei G, Jin H. Hydrogen production and solar energy storage with thermo-electrochemically enhanced steam methane reforming. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2024; 69:1109-1121. [PMID: 38413331 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2024.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Hydrogen is widely regarded as a sustainable energy carrier with tremendous potential for low-carbon energy transition. Solar photovoltaic-driven water electrolysis (PV-E) is a clean and sustainable approach of hydrogen production, but with major barriers of high hydrogen production costs and limited capacity. Steam methane reforming (SMR), the state-of-the-art means of hydrogen production, has yet to overcome key obstacles of high reaction temperature and CO2 emission for sustainability. This work proposes a solar thermo-electrochemical SMR approach, in which solar-driven mid/low-temperature SMR is combined with electrochemical H2 separation and in-situ CO2 capture. The feasibility of this method is verified experimentally, achieving an average methane conversion of 96.8% at a dramatically reduced reforming temperature of 400-500 °C. The underlying mechanisms of this method are revealed by an experimentally calibrated model, which is further employed to predict its performance for thermo-electrochemical hydrogen production. Simulation results show that a net solar-to-H2 efficiency of 26.25% could be obtained at 500 °C, which is over 11 percentage points higher than that of PV-E; the first-law thermodynamic efficiency reaches up to 63.27% correspondingly. The enhanced efficiency also leads to decreased fuel consumption and lower CO2 emission of the proposed solar-driven SMR system. Such complementary conversion of solar PV electricity, solar thermal energy, and low-carbon fuel provides a synergistic and efficient means of sustainable H2 production with potentially long-term solar energy storage on a vast scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Guo
- Department of Thermal Science and Energy Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Mingkai Liu
- Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; Wu Zhonghua College, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Jiahui Lou
- Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yong Hao
- Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Gang Pei
- Department of Thermal Science and Energy Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Hongguang Jin
- Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Mushtaq U, Welzel S, Sharma RK, van de Sanden M, Tsampas MN. Development of Electrode-Supported Proton Conducting Solid Oxide Cells and their Evaluation as Electrochemical Hydrogen Pumps. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:38938-38951. [PMID: 35981510 PMCID: PMC9472216 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c11779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Protonic ceramic solid oxide cells (P-SOCs) have gained widespread attention due to their potential for operation in the temperature range of 300-500 °C, which is not only beneficial in terms of material stability but also offers unique possibilities from a thermodynamic point of view to realize a series of reactions. For instance, they are ideal for the production of synthetic fuels by hydrogenation of carbon dioxide and nitrogen, upgradation of hydrocarbons, or dehydrogenation reactions. However, the development of P-SOC is quite challenging because it requires a multifront optimization in terms of material synthesis and fabrication procedures. Herein, we report in detail a method to overcome various fabrication challenges for the development of efficient and robust electrode-supported P-SOCs (Ni-BCZY/BCZY/Ni-BCZY) based on a BaCe0.2Zr0.7Y0.1O3-δ (BCZY271) electrolyte. We examined the effect of pore formers on the porosity of the Ni-BCZY support electrode, various electrolyte deposition techniques (spray, spin, and vacuum-assisted), and thermal treatments for developing robust and flat half-cells. Half-cells containing a thin (10-12 μm) pinhole-free electrolyte layer were completed by a screen-printed Ni-BCZY electrode and evaluated as an electrochemical hydrogen pump to access the functionality. The P-SOCs are found to show a current density ranging from 150 to 525 mA cm-2 at 1 V over an operating temperature range of 350-450 °C. The faradaic efficiency of the P-SOCs as well as their stability were also evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usman Mushtaq
- Dutch
Institute For Fundamental Energy Research (DIFFER), Eindhoven 5612AJ, The Netherlands
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven
University of Technology, Eindhoven 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan Welzel
- Dutch
Institute For Fundamental Energy Research (DIFFER), Eindhoven 5612AJ, The Netherlands
| | - Rakesh K. Sharma
- Dutch
Institute For Fundamental Energy Research (DIFFER), Eindhoven 5612AJ, The Netherlands
| | - M.C.M. van de Sanden
- Dutch
Institute For Fundamental Energy Research (DIFFER), Eindhoven 5612AJ, The Netherlands
- Department
of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University
of Technology, Eindhoven 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Mihalis N. Tsampas
- Dutch
Institute For Fundamental Energy Research (DIFFER), Eindhoven 5612AJ, The Netherlands
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Li F, Duan G, Wang Z, Liu D, Cui Y, Kawi S, Liu S, Tan X. Highly efficient recovery of hydrogen from dilute H2-streams using BaCe0.7Zr0.1Y0.2O3-δ/Ni-BaCe0.7Zr0.1Y0.2O3-δ dual-layer hollow fiber membrane. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.120602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Vermaak L, Neomagus HWJP, Bessarabov DG. Recent Advances in Membrane-Based Electrochemical Hydrogen Separation: A Review. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:127. [PMID: 33668552 PMCID: PMC7917632 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11020127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
In this paper an overview of commercial hydrogen separation technologies is given. These technologies are discussed and compared-with a detailed discussion on membrane-based technologies. An emerging and promising novel hydrogen separation technology, namely, electrochemical hydrogen separation (EHS) is reviewed in detail. EHS has many advantages over conventional separation systems (e.g., it is not energy intensive, it is environmentally-friendly with near-zero pollutants, it is known for its silent operation, and, the greatest advantage, simultaneous compression and purification can be achieved in a one-step operation). Therefore, the focus of this review is to survey open literature and research conducted to date on EHS. Current technological advances in the field of EHS that have been made are highlighted. In the conclusion, literature gaps and aspects of electrochemical hydrogen separation, that require further research, are also highlighted. Currently, the cost factor, lack of adequate understanding of the degradation mechanisms related to this technology, and the fact that certain aspects of this technology are as yet unexplored (e.g., simultaneous hydrogen separation and compression) all hinder its widespread application. In future research, some attention could be given to the aforementioned factors and emerging technologies, such as ceramic proton conductors and solid acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandri Vermaak
- HySA Infrastructure Centre of Competence, Faculty of Engineering, Potchefstroom Campus, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
| | - Hein W. J. P. Neomagus
- Centre of Excellence in Carbon Based Fuels, Faculty of Engineering, Potchefstroom Campus, School of Chemical and Minerals Engineering, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa;
| | - Dmitri G. Bessarabov
- HySA Infrastructure Centre of Competence, Faculty of Engineering, Potchefstroom Campus, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
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