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Huang X, Gao X, Wang X, Shang H, Zhou S. Multifunctional Superamphiphobic Coating Based on Fluorinated TiO 2 toward Effective Anti-Corrosion. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:2203. [PMID: 38793270 PMCID: PMC11122951 DOI: 10.3390/ma17102203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
The application of superamphiphobic coatings improves the surface's ability to repel fluids, thereby greatly enhancing its various functions, including anti-fouling, anti-corrosion, anti-icing, anti-bacterial, and self-cleaning properties. This maximizes the material's potential for industrial applications. This work utilized the agglomeration phenomenon exhibited by nano-spherical titanium dioxide (TiO2) particles to fabricate 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane (PFDTES) modified TiO2 (TiO2@fluoroPOS) fillers with low surface energy. This was achieved through the in-situ formation of protective armor on the surface of the agglomerates using the sol-gel method and fluorination modification. Polyvinylidene fluoride-tetrafluoropropylene (PVDF-HFP) and TiO2@fluoroPOS fillers were combined using a spraying technique to prepare P/TiO2@fluoroPOS coatings with superamphiphobicity. Relying on the abundance of papillae, micropores, and other tiny spaces on the surface, the coating can capture a stable air film and reject a variety of liquids. When the coatings were immersed in solutions of 2 mol/L HCl, NaCl, and NaOH for a duration of 12 h, they retained their exceptional superamphiphobic properties. Owing to the combined influence of the armor structure and the organic binder, the coating exhibited good liquid repellency during water jetting and sandpaper abrasion tests. Furthermore, the coating has shown exceptional efficacy in terms of its ability to be anti-icing, anti-waxing, and self-cleaning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Huang
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China; (X.H.); (X.G.)
| | - Xinghua Gao
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China; (X.H.); (X.G.)
| | - Xin Wang
- Surface Engineering Institution, AECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials, Beijing 100095, China;
| | - Hongfei Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
| | - Shujun Zhou
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China; (X.H.); (X.G.)
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2
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Wang G, Ma F, Zhu L, Zhu P, Tang L, Hu H, Liu L, Li S, Zeng Z, Wang L, Xue Q. Bioinspired Slippery Surfaces for Liquid Manipulation from Tiny Droplet to Bulk Fluid. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2311489. [PMID: 38696759 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202311489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Slippery surfaces, which originate in nature with special wettability, have attracted considerable attention in both fundamental research and practical applications in a variety of fields due to their unique characteristics of superlow liquid friction and adhesion. Although research on bioinspired slippery surfaces is still in its infancy, it is a rapidly growing and enormously promising field. Herein, a systematic review of recent progress in bioinspired slippery surfaces, beginning with a brief introduction of several typical creatures with slippery property in nature, is presented. Subsequently,this review gives a detailed discussion on the basic concepts of the wetting, friction, and drag from micro- and macro-aspects and focuses on the underlying slippery mechanism. Next, the state-of-the-art developments in three categories of slippery surfaces of air-trapped, liquid-infused, and liquid-like slippery surfaces, including materials, design principles, and preparation methods, are summarized and the emerging applications are highlighted. Finally, the current challenges and future prospects of various slippery surfaces are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Materials, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Fuliang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Materials, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Lijing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Materials, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Ping Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Materials, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Lei Tang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Materials, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Hongyi Hu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Materials, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Luqi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Materials, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Shuangyang Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Materials, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Zhixiang Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Materials, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Liping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Materials, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Qunji Xue
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Materials, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
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Ghasemlou M, Oladzadabbasabadi N, Ivanova EP, Adhikari B, Barrow CJ. Engineered Sustainable Omniphobic Coatings to Control Liquid Spreading on Food-Contact Materials. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:15657-15686. [PMID: 38518221 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c01329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
The adhesion of sticky liquid foods to a contacting surface can cause many technical challenges. The food manufacturing sector is confronted with many critical issues that can be overcome with long-lasting and highly nonwettable coatings. Nanoengineered biomimetic surfaces with distinct wettability and tunable interfaces have elicited increasing interest for their potential use in addressing a broad variety of scientific and technological applications, such as antifogging, anti-icing, antifouling, antiadhesion, and anticorrosion. Although a large number of nature-inspired surfaces have emerged, food-safe nonwetted surfaces are still in their infancy, and numerous structural design aspects remain unexplored. This Review summarizes the latest scientific research regarding the key principles, fabrication methods, and applications of three important categories of nonwettable surfaces: superhydrophobic, liquid-infused slippery, and re-entrant structured surfaces. The Review is particularly focused on new insights into the antiwetting mechanisms of these nanopatterned structures and discovering efficient platform methodologies to guide their rational design when in contact with food materials. A detailed description of the current opportunities, challenges, and future scale-up possibilities of these nanoengineered surfaces in the food industry is also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Ghasemlou
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
- Centre for Sustainable Bioproducts, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia
| | | | - Elena P Ivanova
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Benu Adhikari
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC), School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Colin J Barrow
- Centre for Sustainable Bioproducts, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia
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Liu Y, Liu X, Zhang Z, Lu J, Wang Y, Xu K, Zhu H, Wang B, Lin L, Xue W. Experimental and fluid flow simulation studies of laser-electrochemical hybrid manufacturing of micro-nano symbiotic superamphiphobic surfaces. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:114702. [PMID: 37712795 DOI: 10.1063/5.0166375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Micro-nano symbiotic superamphiphobic surfaces can prevent liquids from adhering to metal surfaces and, as a result, improve their corrosion resistance, self-cleaning performance, pollution resistance, and ice resistance. However, the fabrication of stable and controllable micro-nano symbiotic superamphiphobic structures on metal surfaces commonly used in industry remains a significant challenge. In this study, a laser-electrochemical hybrid subtractive-additive manufacturing method was proposed and developed for preparing copper superamphiphobic surfaces. Both experimental and fluid simulation studies were carried out. Utilizing this novel hybrid method, the controllable preparation of superamphiphobic micro-nano symbiotic structures was realized. The experimental results showed that the prepared surfaces had excellent superamphiphobic properties following subsequent modification with low surface energy substances. The contact angles of water droplets and oil droplets on the surface following electrodeposition treatment reached values of 161 ± 4° and 151 ± 4°, respectively, which showed that the prepared surface possessed perfect superamphiphobicity. Both the fabrication method and the test results provided useful insights for the preparation of stable and controllable superamphiphobic structures on metal surfaces in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xinyu Liu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Zhaoyang Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Jinzhong Lu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yufeng Wang
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Kun Xu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Hao Zhu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Saarland University, Saarbrucken 66123, German
| | - Liqu Lin
- Institute of Laser and Optoelectronics Intelligent Manufacturing, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Wei Xue
- Institute of Laser and Optoelectronics Intelligent Manufacturing, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
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Xu B, Zhou Y, Gan S, Xu Q, Hou M, Lu C, Ni Z. A Simple and Convenient Method for Preparing Fluorine-Free Durable Superhydrophobic Coatings Suitable for Multiple Substrates. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:1771. [PMID: 36902886 PMCID: PMC10003939 DOI: 10.3390/ma16051771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Superhydrophobic coatings have attracted a lot of attention due to their excellent self-cleaning and anti-fouling capabilities. However, the preparation processes for several superhydrophobic coatings are intricate and expensive, which restricts their usefulness. In this work, we present a straightforward technique for creating durable superhydrophobic coatings that can be applied to a variety of substrates. The addition of C9 petroleum resin to a styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) solution lengthens the SBS backbone and undergoes a cross-linking reaction to form a dense spatial cross-linked structure, improving the storage stability, viscosity, and aging resistance of the SBS. The combined solution functions as a more stable and effective adhesive. Using a two-step spraying technique, the hydrophobic silica (SiO2) nanoparticles solution was applied to the surface to create durable nano-superhydrophobic coatings. Additionally, the coatings have excellent mechanical, chemical, and self-cleaning stability. Furthermore, the coatings have wide application prospects in the fields of water-oil separation and corrosion prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Xu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Yinping Zhou
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Shichang Gan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Qinqin Xu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Maohua Hou
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Congda Lu
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Zhongjin Ni
- College of Engineering, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
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6
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Si W, Guo Z. Enhancing the lifespan and durability of superamphiphobic surfaces for potential industrial applications: A review. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 310:102797. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2022.102797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Fan T, Xue SS, Zhu WB, Zhang YY, Li YQ, Chen ZK, Huang P, Fu SY. Multifunctional Polyurethane Composite Foam with Outstanding Anti-impact Capacity for Soft Body Armors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:13778-13789. [PMID: 35259871 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c01837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Herein, a multifunctional polyurethane (PU) composite foam with a hierarchical structure is fabricated by dip-coating a carbon nanotube/shear-thickening gel (CNT/STG) and spray-coating nano-SiO2/STG on PU foam. The prepared nano-SiO2/CNT/STG@PU (SCS@PU) composite foam is lightweight, highly compressive, electrically conductive, superhydrophobic, and impact-energy absorptive. As a result, it possesses an excellent sensing ability to compression with a stable response up to 80% strain, an outstanding linearity of R2 > 0.99, and a wide response frequency of 0.01 to 1 Hz; it can also be used for effectively detecting impact force and sensing various human motions. Moreover, the superhydrophobicity with a water contact angle up to 154° of SCS@PU composite foam endows it with an excellent resistance to hazardous liquids (strong acid and alkali) to ensure its service reliability under harsh circumstances. In particular, the SCS@PU exhibits an outstanding anti-impact capability with an impact force attenuation rate of SCS@PU as high as 81%. Finally, its applications as soft body armors are demonstrated in protecting a wearer wearing a helmet with the SCS@PU as liner and using the SCS@PU as a smart kneecap against impact. On consideration of its excellent strain-sensing ability, superhydrophobicity, and outstanding anti-impact capability, the multifunctional SCS@PU composite foam developed is promising for personal safety protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Fan
- College of Aerospace Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan-Shan Xue
- College of Aerospace Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Bin Zhu
- College of Aerospace Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zhang
- College of Aerospace Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Qing Li
- College of Aerospace Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment and System Security and New Technology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen-Kun Chen
- Beijing Tongyizhong New Material Technology Corporation, Beijing 101102, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Huang
- College of Aerospace Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment and System Security and New Technology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, People's Republic of China
| | - Shao-Yun Fu
- College of Aerospace Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment and System Security and New Technology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, People's Republic of China
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Zhou X, Liu J, Liu W, Steffen W, Butt HJ. Fabrication of Stretchable Superamphiphobic Surfaces with Deformation-Induced Rearrangeable Structures. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2107901. [PMID: 34989448 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202107901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Stretchable superamphiphobic surfaces with a high deformation resistance are in demand to achieve liquid-repellent performance in flexible electronics, artificial skin, and textile dressings. However, it is challenging to make mechanically robust superamphiphobic coatings, which maintain their superliquid repellency in a highly stretched state. Here, a stretchable superamphiphobic surface is reported, on which the microstructures can rearrange during stretching to maintain a stable superamphiphobicity even under a high tensile strain. The surface is prepared by spray-coating silicone nanofilaments onto a prestretched substrate (e.g., cis-1,4-polyisoprene) with poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) layer as a binder. After subsequent fluorination, this surface keeps its superamphiphobicity to both water and n-hexadecane up to the tensile strain of at least 225%. The binding PDMS layer and rearrangeable structures maximize the deformation resistance of the surface during the stretching process. The superamphiphobicity and morphology of the surface are maintained even after 1000 stretch-release cycles. Taking advantage of the mentioned benefits, a liquid manipulation system is designed, which has the potential for fabricating reusable and low-cost platforms for biochemical detection and lab-on-a-chip systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoteng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Wendong Liu
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Werner Steffen
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Hans-Jürgen Butt
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
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Chen F, Wang Y, Tian Y, Zhang D, Song J, Crick CR, Carmalt CJ, Parkin IP, Lu Y. Robust and durable liquid-repellent surfaces. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:8476-8583. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01033b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
This review provides a comprehensive summary of characterization, design, fabrication, and application of robust and durable liquid-repellent surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faze Chen
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Key Laboratory of Mechanism Theory and Equipment Design of Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yaquan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Yanling Tian
- School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Dawei Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Key Laboratory of Mechanism Theory and Equipment Design of Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Jinlong Song
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Colin R. Crick
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Claire J. Carmalt
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Ivan P. Parkin
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Yao Lu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
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Wang T, Jia X, Lv C, Ji L, Wei Y, Zhang Z, Gao Y, Wang S. Multifunctional Textiles Based on Three-Dimensional Hierarchically Structured TiO 2 Nanowires. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:27557-27566. [PMID: 34100290 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c04256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The development of three-dimensional (3D) micro-/nanostructures with multiscale hierarchy offers new potential for the improvement of the pristine textile properties. In this work, a polyester fabric coated with 3D hierarchically structured rutile TiO2 nanowires (THNWP) was fabricated by a facile hydrothermal strategy. The THNWP samples exhibit markedly improved photocatalytic activities and antibacterial properties owing to their 3D hierarchical architecture constructed by one-dimensional nanowire structures, good crystallinity, excellent light-harvesting capability, and fast electron-transfer rate. Furthermore, the unique 3D hierarchical nanostructures also combine with the monofilament to produce ternary-scale hierarchy, which endows the fabric surface with outstanding superamphiphobicity after further facile fluorination treatment. The supportive air-pockets trapped within the unique ternary-scale architectures are proved to be the crucial factor in the achievement of high liquid repellency, and the highest performing superamphiphobic surface is capable of repelling liquids down to a minimal surface tension of 23.4 mN m-1. We envision that our findings may possess great potential in the bottom-up design of high-performance textiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xueying Jia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Chang Lv
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Lvlv Ji
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yujie Wei
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Zhicheng Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yinhu Gao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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