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Piotrowski P, Buza M, Nowaczyński R, Kongsuwan N, Surma HB, Osewski P, Gajc M, Strzep A, Ryba-Romanowski W, Hess O, Pawlak DA. Ultrafast photoluminescence and multiscale light amplification in nanoplasmonic cavity glass. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3309. [PMID: 38632272 PMCID: PMC11024168 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47539-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Interactions between plasmons and exciton nanoemitters in plexcitonic systems lead to fast and intense luminescence, desirable in optoelectonic devices, ultrafast optical switches and quantum information science. While luminescence enhancement through exciton-plasmon coupling has thus far been mostly demonstrated in micro- and nanoscale structures, analogous demonstrations in bulk materials have been largely neglected. Here we present a bulk nanocomposite glass doped with cadmium telluride quantum dots (CdTe QDs) and silver nanoparticles, nAg, which act as exciton and plasmon sources, respectively. This glass exhibits ultranarrow, FWHM = 13 nm, and ultrafast, 90 ps, amplified photoluminescence (PL), λem≅503 nm, at room temperature under continuous-wave excitation, λexc = 405 nm. Numerical simulations confirm that the observed improvement in emission is a result of a multiscale light enhancement owing to the ensemble of QD-populated plasmonic nanocavities in the material. Power-dependent measurements indicate that >100 mW coherent light amplification occurs. These types of bulk plasmon-exciton composites could be designed comprising a plethora of components/functionalities, including emitters (QDs, rare earth and transition metal ions) and nanoplasmonic elements (Ag/Au/TCO, spherical/anisotropic/miscellaneous), to achieve targeted applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Piotrowski
- Centre of Excellence ENSEMBLE3 sp. z o.o, Wolczynska 133, Warsaw, Poland.
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Marta Buza
- (Formerly at) Institute of Electronic Materials Technology, Wolczynska 133, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Rafał Nowaczyński
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, Warsaw, Poland
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Woloska 141, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Nuttawut Kongsuwan
- Quantum Technology Foundation (Thailand), 98 Soi Ari, Bangkok, Thailand
- Thailand Center of Excellence in Physics, Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Research and Innovation, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Hańcza B Surma
- Centre of Excellence ENSEMBLE3 sp. z o.o, Wolczynska 133, Warsaw, Poland
- (Formerly at) Institute of Electronic Materials Technology, Wolczynska 133, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paweł Osewski
- (Formerly at) Institute of Electronic Materials Technology, Wolczynska 133, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Gajc
- (Formerly at) Institute of Electronic Materials Technology, Wolczynska 133, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adam Strzep
- Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research PAS, Okolna 2, Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Ortwin Hess
- School of Physics and CRANN Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Dorota A Pawlak
- Centre of Excellence ENSEMBLE3 sp. z o.o, Wolczynska 133, Warsaw, Poland.
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, Warsaw, Poland.
- (Formerly at) Institute of Electronic Materials Technology, Wolczynska 133, Warsaw, Poland.
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2
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Song J, Zhang D, Lu P, Zhang Y, Wang H, Dou H, Xu X, Deitz J, Zhang X, Wang H. Self-Assembled Complex Three-Phase Core-Shell Nanostructure of Au-CoFe 2-TiN with a Magneto-Optical Coupling Effect. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:37810-37817. [PMID: 37493477 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c06777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Nanostructured plasmonic-magnetic metamaterials have gained great research interest due to their enhanced magneto-optical coupling effects. Here, we report a complex three-phase nanocomposite design combining ferromagnetic CoFe2 with plasmonic TiN and Au as a multifunctional hybrid metamaterial using either a cogrowth or a templated method. Via the first method of cogrowing three phases, three different morphologies of Au-CoFe2 core-shell nanopillars were formed in the TiN matrix. Via the second method of sequential deposition of a TiN-Au seed layer and a TiN-CoFe2 layer, highly ordered and uniform single-type core-shell nanopillars (i.e., the CoFe2 shell with a Au core) form in the TiN matrix. Both cogrowth and templated growth TiN-CoFe2-Au hybrid systems exhibit excellent epitaxial quality, hyperbolic dispersion, magnetic anisotropy, and a magneto-optical coupling effect. This study provides an effective approach for achieving highly uniform multiphase vertically aligned nanocomposite structures with well-integrated optical, magnetic, and coupling properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Song
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Di Zhang
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies (CINT), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Ping Lu
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, United States
| | - Yizhi Zhang
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Haohan Wang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Hongyi Dou
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Xiaoshan Xu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Julia Deitz
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, United States
| | - Xinghang Zhang
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Haiyan Wang
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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3
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Khurshid H, Yoosuf R, Zafar H, Attanayake SB, Azeem M, Issa BA, Anjum DH, Srikanth H. From multi-segmented to core/shell nanorods: morphology evolution in Fe-Au nanorods by tuning fabrication conditions. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 34:185602. [PMID: 36716488 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/acb715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Aiming to obtain hybrid magneto-plasmonic nanostructures, we have developed multisegmented and core/shell structured Fe-Au nanorods using template assisted electrochemical deposition. A facile method of tuning the growth pattern of multisegmented nanorods into core/shell structured is demonstrated. With a precise control of current density and deposition time, a brick-stacked wire like growth led to the formation of hollow nanotubes that could be further tuned to multilayered hollow nanotubes and core/shell structured nanorods. TEM imaging and STEM-EELS technique were used to explore the morphology, microstructure and the distribution of Au and Fe in the nanorods. The easy magnetization direction was found to be perpendicular to the nanorods' growth direction in the segmented nanorods. On the other hand, core/shell nanorods exhibited isotropic behavior. Our findings provide deeper insights into the fabrication of hybrid nanorods and the opportunity to tune the fabrication method to vary their morphology accordingly. Such studies will benefit design of hybrid nanorods with specific morphologies and physical properties and hence their integration into sensing, spintronics and other potential biomedical and technological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafsa Khurshid
- Department of Applied Physics and Astronomy, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Medical Diagnostic Imaging, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rahana Yoosuf
- Department of Applied Physics and Astronomy, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Humaira Zafar
- Department of Physics, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Supun B Attanayake
- Department of Physics, University of South Florida, Tampa FL, United States of America
| | - Muhammad Azeem
- Department of Applied Physics and Astronomy, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Bashar A Issa
- Department of Medical Diagnostic Imaging, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Dalaver H Anjum
- Department of Physics, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hariharan Srikanth
- Department of Physics, University of South Florida, Tampa FL, United States of America
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4
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Rutherford BX, Dou H, Zhang B, He Z, Barnard JP, Paldi RL, Wang H. Single-Step Fabrication of Au-Fe-BaTiO 3 Nanocomposite Thin Films Embedded with Non-Equilibrium Au-Fe Alloyed Nanostructures. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:3460. [PMID: 36234589 PMCID: PMC9565752 DOI: 10.3390/nano12193460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Nanocomposite thin film materials present great opportunities in coupling materials and functionalities in unique nanostructures including nanoparticles-in-matrix, vertically aligned nanocomposites (VANs), and nanolayers. Interestingly the nanocomposites processed through a non-equilibrium processing method, e.g., pulsed laser deposition (PLD), often possess unique metastable phases and microstructures that could not achieve using equilibrium techniques, and thus lead to novel physical properties. In this work, a unique three-phase system composed of BaTiO3 (BTO), with two immiscible metals, Au and Fe, is demonstrated. By adjusting the deposition laser frequency from 2 Hz to 10 Hz, the phase and morphology of Au and Fe nanoparticles in BTO matrix vary from separated Au and Fe nanoparticles to well-mixed Au-Fe alloy pillars. This is attributed to the non-equilibrium process of PLD and the limited diffusion under high laser frequency (e.g., 10 Hz). The magnetic and optical properties are effectively tuned based on the morphology variation. This work demonstrates the stabilization of non-equilibrium alloy structures in the VAN form and allows for the exploration of new non-equilibrium materials systems and their properties that could not be easily achieved through traditional equilibrium methods.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hongyi Dou
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Bruce Zhang
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Zihao He
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - James P. Barnard
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Robynne L. Paldi
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Haiyan Wang
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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TiN–Fe Vertically Aligned Nanocomposites Integrated on Silicon as a Multifunctional Platform toward Device Applications. CRYSTALS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst12060849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Transition metal nitrides such as titanium nitride (TiN) possess exceptional mechanical-, chemical-, and thermal-stability and have been utilized in a wide variety of applications ranging from super-hard, corrosion-resistive, and decorative coatings to nanoscale diffusion barriers in semiconductor devices. Despite the ongoing interest in these robust materials, there have been limited reports focused on engineering high-aspect ratio TiN-based nanocomposites with anisotropic magnetic and optical properties. To this end, we explored TiN–Fe thin films with self-assembled vertical structures integrated on Si substrates. We showed that the key physical properties of the individual components (e.g., ferromagnetism from Fe) are preserved, that vertical nanostructures promote anisotropic behavior, and interactions between TiN and Fe enable a special magneto-optical response. This TiN–Fe nanocomposite system presents a new group of complex multifunctional hybrid materials that can be integrated on Si for future Si-based memory, optical, and biocompatible devices.
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Misra S, Wang H. Review on the growth, properties and applications of self-assembled oxide-metal vertically aligned nanocomposite thin films-current and future perspectives. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2021; 8:869-884. [PMID: 34821319 DOI: 10.1039/d0mh01111h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembled oxide-metal nanocomposite thin films have aroused great research interest owing to their wide range of functionalities, including metamaterials with plasmonic and hyperbolic optical properties, and ferromagnetic, ferroelectric and multiferroic behaviors. Oxide-metal nanocomposites typically self-assemble as metal particles in an oxide matrix or as a vertically aligned nanocomposite (VAN) with metal nanopillars embedded in an oxide matrix. Among them, the VAN architecture is particularly interesting due to the vertical strain control and highly anisotropic structure, enabling the epitaxial growth of materials with large lattice mismatch. In this review, the driving forces behind the formation of self-assembled oxide-metal VAN structures are discussed. Specifically, an updated in-plane strain compensation model based on the areal strain compensation concept has been proposed in this review, inspired by the prior linear strain compensation model. It provides a guideline for material selection for designing VAN systems, especially those involving complex orientation matching relationships. Based on the model, several case studies are discussed, comparing the microstructure and morphology of different oxide-metal nanocomposites by varying the oxide phase. Specific examples highlighting the coupling between the electrical, magnetic and optical properties are also discussed in the context of oxide-metal nanocomposites. Future research directions and needs are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikhar Misra
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA.
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