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Rocca T, Gurel A, Schaming D, Limoges B, Balland V. Multivalent-Ion versus Proton Insertion into Nanostructured Electrochromic WO 3 from Mild Aqueous Electrolytes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 38656169 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c02152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Mild aqueous electrolytes containing multivalent metal salts are currently scrutinized for the development of ecosustainable energy-related devices. However, the role of soluble multivalent metal ions in the electrochemical reactivity of transition metal oxides is a matter of debate, especially when they are performed in protic aqueous electrolytes. Here, we have compared, by means of (spectro)electrochemistry, the reversible electrochromic reduction of transparent nanostructured γ-WO3 thin films in mild aqueous electrolytes of various chemical composition and pH. This study reveals that reversible proton insertion is the only charge storage mechanism over a large pH range and that it is effective for aqueous electrolytes prepared from either organic (such as acetic acid) or inorganic (such as solvated multivalent cations) Bro̷nsted acids. By refuting charge storage mechanisms relying on the reversible insertion of multivalent metal ions, notably in aqueous electrolytes based on Al3+ ions or a mixture of Al3+ and Zn2+ ions, these fundamental results pave the way for the rational development of electrolytes and active materials for a range of aqueous-based devices, such as the emerging concept of an energy-saving smart window, which we also address in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Rocca
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire, F-75013, Paris 75006 CEDEX 05, France
| | - Ari Gurel
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, ITODYS, F-75013, Paris 75006 CEDEX 05, France
| | - Delphine Schaming
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, ITODYS, F-75013, Paris 75006 CEDEX 05, France
| | - Benoît Limoges
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire, F-75013, Paris 75006 CEDEX 05, France
| | - Véronique Balland
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire, F-75013, Paris 75006 CEDEX 05, France
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2
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Zheng JY, Sun Q, Yang H, Yu S, Li M, Yu X, Wang C, Liu T, Li S. Amorphous bismuth and GO co-doped WO 3 electrochromic film with fast-switching time and long-term stability. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:2460-2464. [PMID: 38240594 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt03805j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
The sol-gel process for fabricating electrochromic thin films is straightforward, offering advantages such as low cost and ease of compositional control. Herein we prepared GO-Bi-WO3 films with improved electrochromic performance using a simple sol-gel spin-coating method. The sample shows a fast-switching time (1.8 s for coloring and 1.8 s for bleaching), large optical modulation (85% at 630 nm), excellent stability (86.4% retention after 10 200 cycles), and high coloration efficiency (65.9 cm2 C-1). This work indicates the electrochromic performance of WO3-based films can be enhanced by incorporating GO, which provides an effective strategy for the rapid, safe, and efficient fabrication of electrochromic thin films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin You Zheng
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Functional Material Manufacturing of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
- National Key Laboratory of Coking Coal Green Process Research, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Qimeng Sun
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Functional Material Manufacturing of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
- National Key Laboratory of Coking Coal Green Process Research, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Huijing Yang
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Functional Material Manufacturing of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
- National Key Laboratory of Coking Coal Green Process Research, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Shuang Yu
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Functional Material Manufacturing of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
- National Key Laboratory of Coking Coal Green Process Research, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Mengsi Li
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Functional Material Manufacturing of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Xiaomei Yu
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Functional Material Manufacturing of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
- National Key Laboratory of Coking Coal Green Process Research, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Chengduo Wang
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Tiantian Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Functional Material Manufacturing of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
- National Key Laboratory of Coking Coal Green Process Research, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Songjie Li
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Functional Material Manufacturing of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
- National Key Laboratory of Coking Coal Green Process Research, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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Huang M, Schwacke M, Onen M, Del Alamo J, Li J, Yildiz B. Electrochemical Ionic Synapses: Progress and Perspectives. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2205169. [PMID: 36300807 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202205169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Artificial neural networks based on crossbar arrays of analog programmable resistors can address the high energy challenge of conventional hardware in artificial intelligence applications. However, state-of-the-art two-terminal resistive switching devices based on conductive filament formation suffer from high variability and poor controllability. Electrochemical ionic synapses are three-terminal devices that operate by electrochemical and dynamic insertion/extraction of ions that control the electronic conductivity of a channel in a single solid-solution phase. They are promising candidates for programmable resistors in crossbar arrays because they have shown uniform and deterministic control of electronic conductivity based on ion doping, with very low energy consumption. Here, the desirable specifications of these programmable resistors are presented. Then, an overview of the current progress of devices based on Li+ , O2- , and H+ ions and material systems is provided. Achieving nanosecond speed, low operation voltage (≈1 V), low energy consumption, with complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor compatibility all simultaneously remains a challenge. Toward this goal, a physical model of the device is constructed to provide guidelines for the desired material properties to overcome the remaining challenges. Finally, an outlook is provided, including strategies to advance materials toward the desirable properties and the future opportunities for electrochemical ionic synapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mantao Huang
- Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Miranda Schwacke
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Murat Onen
- Microsystems Technology Laboratories, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Jesús Del Alamo
- Microsystems Technology Laboratories, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Ju Li
- Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Bilge Yildiz
- Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
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4
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Ma N, Li X, Ding Z, Tao J, Xu G, Wang Y, Huang Y, Liu J. A polyacrylic acid/polyacrylamide-based hydrogel electrolyte containing gelatin for efficient electrochromic device with outstanding cycling stability and flexible compatibility. Eur Polym J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2023.112024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
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5
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Ganesha MK, Mondal I, Singh AK, Kulkarni GU. Fabrication of Large-Area, Affordable Dual-Function Electrochromic Smart Windows by Using a Hybrid Electrode Coated with an Oxygen-Deficient Tungsten Oxide Ultrathin Porous Film. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:19111-19120. [PMID: 37016773 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c22638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Electrochromic (EC) devices are not commercialized extensively owing to their high cost. The best large-area devices in the market suffer from not reaching a distinct dark-colored state. These devices appear more like a blue tinted glass. While a better performance demands the use of appropriate components, the cost-effectiveness of such components is crucial for commercialization. Specifically, the utilization of cost-effective electrodes, thin WO3 coatings, and inexpensive electrolytes are essential for reducing the cost of EC devices. Here, we report a high-performing porous WO3 thin film (∼130 nm) achieved by optimizing the DC sputtering process parameters. This way, an affordable dual-function EC energy-storage device was fabricated, showing 84% transmittance modulation and a high power density of 3036 mW/m2, thus functioning simultaneously as a transparency switching energy-storage device. With a large-area (900 cm2) device, we have demonstrated that the need for expensive ITO electrodes and Li+ ion-based electrolytes can be eliminated by using a hybrid electrode (ITO/Al-mesh) and multivalent Al3+ ion-based electrolytes while not compromising the device performance. The findings of this study may revolutionize the EC device industry and their commercialization owing to inexpensive ingredients and scalable processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukhesh K Ganesha
- Centre for Nano and Soft Matter Sciences, Bangalore 562162, India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Indrajit Mondal
- Chemistry & Physics of Materials Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Ashutosh K Singh
- Centre for Nano and Soft Matter Sciences, Bangalore 562162, India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Giridhar U Kulkarni
- Chemistry & Physics of Materials Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore 560064, India
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Kim J, Shin D, Son M, Lee CS. High Optical Contrast of Quartet Dual-Band Electrochromic Device for Energy-Efficient Smart Window. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:13249-13257. [PMID: 36867019 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c19151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A quartet dual-band electrochromic device (ECD) was developed to selectively control the transmittance from the visible to near-infrared wavelengths for the application of an energy-efficient smart window. The new AgNO3+TBABr+LiClO4 (ATL)-based electrolyte was developed to independently control the redox reaction of lithium and silver ions to demonstrate the quartet mode of an ECD. A dual-band ECD with a sandwich structure was assembled using an ATL-based electrolyte, WO3 electrochromic layer, and antimony-doped tin oxide (ATO) ion storage layer. The employed WO3 and ATO films were fabricated using a nanoparticle deposition system (NPDS), a novel ecofriendly dry deposition method. Four modes, namely, transparent, warm, cool, and all-block modes, were demonstrated via an independent redox reaction of both lithium and silver ions through the simple control of the applied voltage. In the warm mode, the localized surface plasmon resonance effect was exploited by producing silver nanoparticles upon two-step voltage application. Furthermore, since the high surface roughness of the WO3 thin film fabricated by NPDS maximized the light scattering effect, 0% transmittance at all wavelengths was observed in the all-block mode. Dual-band ECD showed high optical contrasts of 73% and long-term durability over 1000 cycles with no degradation. Therefore, the possibility of controlling transmittance at the target wavelength was confirmed using a simple device with a simple process, suggesting a new strategy for the design of dual-band smart windows to reduce the energy consumption of buildings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiseon Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongwon Shin
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Minhee Son
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Caroline Sunyong Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea
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7
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Rusu RD, Damaceanu MD, Ursache S, Constantin CP. Tuning the main electrochromic features by polymer backbone variation of triphenylamine-based polyamides. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2022.114272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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8
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Zheng JY, Sun Q, Cui J, Yu X, Li S, Zhang L, Jiang S, Ma W, Ma R. Review on recent progress in WO 3-based electrochromic films: preparation methods and performance enhancement strategies. NANOSCALE 2022; 15:63-79. [PMID: 36468697 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr04761f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Transition metal oxides have drawn tremendous interest due to their unique physical and chemical properties. As one of the most promising electrochromic (EC) materials, tungsten trioxide (WO3) has attracted great attention due to its exceptional EC characteristics. This review summarizes the background and general concept of EC devices, and key criteria for evaluation of WO3-based EC materials. Special focus is placed on preparation techniques and performance enhancement of WO3 EC films. Specifically, four methods - nanostructuring, regulating crystallinity, fabricating hybrid films, and preparing multilayer composite structures - have been developed to enhance the EC performance of WO3 films. Finally, we offer some important recommendations and perspectives on potential research directions for further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin You Zheng
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Functional Material Manufacturing of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Qimeng Sun
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Functional Material Manufacturing of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Jiameizi Cui
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Functional Material Manufacturing of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Xiaomei Yu
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Functional Material Manufacturing of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Songjie Li
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Functional Material Manufacturing of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Lili Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Functional Material Manufacturing of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Suyu Jiang
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Functional Material Manufacturing of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Wei Ma
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Functional Material Manufacturing of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Renzhi Ma
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Namiki 1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
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Yuan M, Yin H, Liu Y, Wang X, Yuan L, Duan Y. Synergistic Electric and Thermal Effects of Electrochromic Devices. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:mi13122187. [PMID: 36557489 PMCID: PMC9788548 DOI: 10.3390/mi13122187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Electrochromic devices are the preferred devices for smart windows because they work independently of uncontrollable environmental factors and rely more on the user's personal feelings to adjust actively. However, in practical applications, the ambient temperature still has an impact on device performance, such as durability, reversibility and switching performance, etc. These technical issues have significantly slowed down the commercialization of electrochromic devices (ECDs). It is necessary to investigate the main reasons for the influence of temperature on the device and make reasonable optimization to enhance the effectiveness of the device and extend its lifetime. In recent years, with the joint efforts of various outstanding research teams, the performance of electrochromic devices has been rapidly improved, with a longer lifetime, richer colors, and better color contrast. This review highlights the important research on temperature-dependent electrochromic properties in recent years. Also, the reported structures, mechanisms, characteristics, and methods for improving electrochromic properties are discussed in detail. In addition, the challenges and corresponding strategies in this field are presented in this paper. This paper will inspire more researchers to enrich the temperature-dependent properties of ECDs and their related fields with innovative means and methods to overcome the technical obstacles faced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Yuan
- College of Science, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Hanlin Yin
- College of Science, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Yitong Liu
- College of Science, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Xiaohua Wang
- College of Science, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130012, China
- Correspondence: (X.W.); (L.Y.); (Y.D.)
| | - Long Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Normal University, Changchun 130012, China
- Correspondence: (X.W.); (L.Y.); (Y.D.)
| | - Yu Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science & Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- Correspondence: (X.W.); (L.Y.); (Y.D.)
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10
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Mjejri I, Duttine M, Buffière S, Labrugère-Sarroste C, Rougier A. From the Irreversible Transformation of VO 2 to V 2O 5 Electrochromic Films. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:18496-18503. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c02722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Issam Mjejri
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Bx INP, ICMCB, UMR 5026, F-33600Pessac, France
| | - Mathieu Duttine
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Bx INP, ICMCB, UMR 5026, F-33600Pessac, France
| | - Sonia Buffière
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Bx INP, ICMCB, UMR 5026, F-33600Pessac, France
| | | | - Aline Rougier
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Bx INP, ICMCB, UMR 5026, F-33600Pessac, France
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Yamazaki S, Isoyama K. Determination of W(V) in WO 3 Photochromism Using Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance of Ag Nanoparticles. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:6520-6528. [PMID: 35994018 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c03253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A reversible color change of WO3 has been widely studied to develop new energy-saving technologies such as smart windows, rewritable paper, and information displays. A blue coloration arises from the intervalence charge transfer between W(VI) and W(V), which is partially formed by the reduction of WO3 under UV light or an applied voltage. This means that WO3 has a mixed-valence state of W(V) and W(VI) upon the reduction. However, despite many studies for various applications, how many W(V) atoms are formed and contribute to the intervalence charge transfer (IVCT) transition remains unclear because W(V) formed in WO3 cannot be determined quantitatively. We determined the amount of the photogenerated W(V) in an aqueous WO3 colloidal solution containing ethylene glycol (EG) by observing the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) peaks of Ag nanoparticles which were produced by a redox reaction between W(V) and Ag+. EG acted as a hole scavenger to suppress the recombination between the photogenerated holes and electrons. First, we explored the reaction condition where only the IVCT transition was observed under UV irradiation, and then it decreased in response to the increase in the LSPR peak in the dark. Under such a condition, the absorbance at 775 nm (A775) due to the IVCT transition was observed after the UV irradiation for 30 s, and the absorbance at 410 nm (A410) due to the LSPR absorption was obtained when A775 completely disappeared in the dark. Experiments were performed at various UV intensities to confirm a proportional relationship between A775 and A410. Electron spin resonance measurements revealed that A775 was proportional to the amount of W(V). Furthermore, Ag nanoparticles were synthesized by a polyol reduction method to obtain the relationship between the LSPR peak intensity and the Ag+ concentration, which was consumed for the formation of Ag. On the basis of all of these relationships, A775 of 1.669 corresponded to 2.53 × 10-4 mol dm-3 W(V), which was estimated to be only 0.21% of 0.12 mol dm-3 WO3 used in this study, and the molar absorption coefficient for the IVCT transition between W(V) and W(VI) was evaluated to be 6.85 × 103 dm3 mol-1 cm-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzuko Yamazaki
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8512, Japan
| | - Koki Isoyama
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8512, Japan
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Application of Tungsten-Oxide-Based Electrochromic Devices for Supercapacitors. APPLIED SYSTEM INNOVATION 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/asi5040060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
For making full use of the discoloration function of electrochromic (EC) devices and better show the charge and discharge states of supercapacitors (SCs), electrochromic supercapacitors (ECSCs) have attracted much attention and expectations in recent years. The research progress of tungsten-oxide-based electrochromic supercapacitors (ECSCs) in recent years is reviewed in this paper. Nanostructured tungsten oxide is widely used to facilitate ion implantation/extraction and increase the porosity of the electrode. The low-dimensional nanostructured tungsten oxide was compared in four respects: material scale, electrode life, coloring efficiency, and specific capacitance. Due to the mechanics and ductility of nano-tungsten oxide electrodes, they are very suitable for the preparation of flexible ECSCs. With the application of an organic protective layer and metal nanowire conductive electrode, the device has higher coloring efficiency and a lower activation voltage. Finally, this paper indicates that in the future, WO3-based ECSCs will develop in the direction of self-supporting power supply to meet the needs of use.
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Li Z, Liu Z, Li J, Yan W. The electrochromic properties of the film enhanced by introducing oxygen vacancies to crystalline tungsten oxide. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.128615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Ma D, Lee-Sie Eh A, Cao S, Lee PS, Wang J. Wide-Spectrum Modulated Electrochromic Smart Windows Based on MnO 2/PB Films. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:1443-1451. [PMID: 34957823 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c20011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Inorganic materials have been extensively studied for visible electrochromism in the past few decades. However, the single inorganic electrochromic (EC) material commonly exhibits a single color change, leading to a narrow spectrum of modulation, which offsets or limits the maximally energy-saving ability. Here, we present a wide-spectrum modulated EC device designed by combining the complementary EC nanocomposite of manganese dioxide (MnO2) and Prussian blue (PB) for enhanced energy savings. Porous MnO2 nanostructures serve as host frameworks for the templated growth of PB, resulting in MnO2/PB nanocomposites. The complementary optical modulation ranges of MnO2 and PB enable a widen-spectrum modulation across the solar region with the development of the MnO2/PB nanocomposite. The colored MnO2/PB device exhibited an optical modulation of 32.1% in the wide solar spectrum range of 320-1100 nm and blocked 72.0% of the solar irradiance. Furthermore, fast switching responses (2.7 s for coloration and 2.1 s for bleaching) and a high coloration efficiency (83.1 cm2·C-1) of the MnO2/PB EC device are also achieved. The high EC performance of the MnO2/PB nanocomposite device provides a new strategy for the design of high-performance energy-saving EC smart windows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyun Ma
- School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 334 Jungong Road, Shanghai200093, P. R. China
| | - Alice Lee-Sie Eh
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore639798, Singapore
- Singapore-HUJ Alliance for Research and Enterprise (SHARE), Nanomaterials for Energy and Energy Water Nexus (NEW), Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), Singapore138602, Singapore
| | - Sheng Cao
- MOE Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Non-ferrous Metals and Materials, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Processing for Non-ferrous Metals and Featured Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi530004, China
| | - Pooi See Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore639798, Singapore
- Singapore-HUJ Alliance for Research and Enterprise (SHARE), Nanomaterials for Energy and Energy Water Nexus (NEW), Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), Singapore138602, Singapore
| | - Jinmin Wang
- School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 334 Jungong Road, Shanghai200093, P. R. China
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