1
|
Akbarian-Saravi N, Basar IA, Margoto OH, Abdollahi G N, Crawford B, Magel B, Gharibnavaz M, Eskicioglu C, Milani AS. Characterization of the Mechanical, Biodegradation, and Morphological Properties of NBR/Biopolymer Blend, Integrated with a Risk Evaluation. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:9256-9268. [PMID: 38434901 PMCID: PMC10906039 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Biopolymer blends have attracted considerable attention in industrial applications due to their notable mechanical properties and biodegradability. This work delves into the innovative combination of butadiene-acrylonitrile (referred to as NBR) with a pectin-based biopolymer (NGP) at a 90:10 mass ratio through a detailed analysis employing mechanical characterization, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and morphology studies using SEM. Additionally, biopolymer's biodegradability under aerobic and anaerobic conditions is tested. The study's findings underscore the superior tensile strength and elongation at break of the NGP/NBR blend in comparison to pure NBR, while also exhibiting a decrease in puncture resistance due to imperfect bonds at the particle-matrix interfaces, necessitating the use of a compatibilizer. In anaerobic conditions, evaluation of biodegradable properties reveals 2% and 12% biodegradability in NBR and NGP/NBR blend, respectively. The degradation properties were also aligned with TGA results highlighting a lower decomposition temperature for NGP. Additionally, this research integrates the application of a conditional value-at-risk (CVaR)-based analysis of the blend's tensile properties to evaluate the uncertainty impact in the experiment. Under risk, a significant enhancement in the tensile performance (by 80%) of the NGP/NBR blend was shown compared to pure NBR. Ultimately, the study shows that adding pectin to the NBR compound amplifies the overall performance of the biopolymer significantly under select criteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niloofar Akbarian-Saravi
- Composites
Research Network-Okanagan Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Ibrahim Alper Basar
- Bioreactor
Technology Group, School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Olivia Helena Margoto
- Composites
Research Network-Okanagan Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Nadia Abdollahi G
- Composites
Research Network-Okanagan Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Bryn Crawford
- Composites
Research Network-Okanagan Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Benjamin Magel
- Composites
Research Network-Okanagan Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia V1V 1V7, Canada
| | | | - Cigdem Eskicioglu
- Bioreactor
Technology Group, School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Abbas S. Milani
- Composites
Research Network-Okanagan Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia V1V 1V7, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jayalath S, Herath M, Epaarachchi J, Trifoni E, Gdoutos EE, Fang L. Durability and long-term behaviour of shape memory polymers and composites for the space industry– A review of current status and future perspectives. Polym Degrad Stab 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2023.110297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
|
3
|
Salaeh S, Nobnop S, Thongnuanchan B, Das A, Wießner S. Thermo-responsive programmable shape memory polymer based on amidation cured natural rubber grafted with poly(methyl methacrylate). POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.125444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
4
|
Ultra-high molecular weight pullulan-based material with high deformability and shape-memory properties. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 295:119836. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
5
|
Gao Y, Bao D, Zhang M, Cui Y, Xu F, Shen X, Zhu Y, Wang H. Millefeuille-Inspired Thermal Interface Materials based on Double Self-Assembly Technique for Efficient Microelectronic Cooling and Electromagnetic Interference Shielding. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2105567. [PMID: 34842337 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202105567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Owing to the increasing power density of miniaturized and high-frequency electronic devices, flexible thermal interface materials (TIMs) with the electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding property are in urgent demand to maintain the system performance and reliability. Recently, carbon-based TIMs receive considerable attention due to the ultrahigh intrinsic thermal conductivity (TC). However, the large-scale production of such TIMs is restricted by some technical difficulties, such as production-induced defects of graphite sheets, poor microstructure architecture within the matrix, and nonnegligible interfacial thermal resistance result from the strong phono scattering. In this work, inspired by the structure and production process of millefeuille cakes, a unique double self-assembly strategy for fabricating ultrahigh thermal conductive TIMs with superior EMI shielding performance is demonstrated. The percolating and oriented multilayered microstructure enables the TIM to exhibit an ultrahigh in-plane TC of 233.67 W m-1 K-1 together with an outstanding EMI shielding effectiveness of 79.0 dB (at 12.4 GHz). In the TIM evaluation system, a nearly 45 °C decrease is obtained by this TIM when compared to the commercial material. The obtained TIM achieves the desired balance between thermal conduction and EMI shielding performance, indicating broad prospects in the fields of military applications and next-generation thermal management systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yueyang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemical Science and Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Di Bao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing, 163318, China
| | - Minghang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemical Science and Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Yexiang Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemical Science and Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Fei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemical Science and Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Xiaosong Shen
- Tianjin Key Lab Composite & Functional Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Yanji Zhu
- Tianjin Key Lab Composite & Functional Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Huaiyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemical Science and Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Shape Memory Materials from Rubbers. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14237216. [PMID: 34885377 PMCID: PMC8658094 DOI: 10.3390/ma14237216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Smart materials are much discussed in the current research scenario. The shape memory effect is one of the most fascinating occurrences in smart materials, both in terms of the phenomenon and its applications. Many metal alloys and polymers exhibit the shape memory effect (SME). Shape memory properties of elastomers, such as rubbers, polyurethanes, and other elastomers, are discussed in depth in this paper. The theory, factors impacting, and key uses of SME elastomers are all covered in this article. SME has been observed in a variety of elastomers and composites. Shape fixity and recovery rate are normally analysed through thermomechanical cycle studies to understand the effectiveness of SMEs. Polymer properties such as chain length, and the inclusion of fillers, such as clays, nanoparticles, and second phase polymers, will have a direct influence on the shape memory effect. The article discusses these aspects in a simple and concise manner.
Collapse
|