A Flexible Li-Air Battery Workable under Harsh Conditions Based on an Integrated Structure: A Composite Lithium Anode Encased in a Gel Electrolyte

Formation/Decomposition of Li2O2 Induced by Porous NiCeOx Nanorod Catalysts in Aprotic Lithium-Oxygen Batteries

To realize the utilization of high-performance lithium-oxygen batteries (LOBs), a rational-designed cathode structure and efficient catalytic materials are necessary. However, side products accumulated during battery cycling seriously affects the performance. Designing a cathode catalyst that could simultaneously facilitate the catalytic efficiency of the main reaction and inhibit the side reactions will make great sense. Herein, NiCeO_x was proposed for the first time as a bifunctional cathode catalyst material for LOBs. The combined action of NiO and CeO₂ components was expected to facilitate the decomposition of byproducts (e.g., Li₂CO₃), increase the oxygen vacancy content in CeO₂, and enhance the adsorption of oxygen and superoxide. NiCeO_x nanorods (NiCeO_x PNR) were prepared using electrospinning method. It showed a hollow and porous nanorod (PNR)-like structure, which provided a large number of catalytic active sites and facilitated the transport of reactants and the deposition of discharge products. As a result, a high specific discharge capacity (2175.9 mAh g^-1) and a long lifespan (67 cycles at 100 mA g^-1 with a limited capacity of 500 mAh g^-1) were obtained.

Mass transfer analysis of Boron-doped Carbon Nanotubes Cathode for Dual-electrolyte Lithium-air Batteries

Dual-electrolyte Li-air batteries (LABs) have the advantages of high specific energy density and low overpotential, but the mass transfer mechanism is still unclear. Its mass transfer is essential to battery...

Graphene-Based Materials for Flexible Lithium-Sulfur Batteries

The increasing demand for wearable electronic devices necessitates flexible batteries with high stability and desirable energy density. Flexible lithium-sulfur batteries (FLSBs) have been increasingly studied due to their high theoretical energy density through the multielectron chemistry of low-cost sulfur. However, the implementation of FLSBs is challenged by several obstacles, including their low practical energy density, short life, and poor flexibility. Various graphene-based materials have been applied to address these issues. Graphene, with good conductivity and flexibility, exhibits synergistic effects with other active/catalytic/flexible materials to form multifunctional graphene-based materials, which play a pivotal role in FLSBs. This review summarizes the recent progress of graphene-based materials that have been used as various FLSB components, including cathodes, interlayers, and anodes. Particular attention is focused on the precise nanostructures, graphene efficacy, interfacial effects, and battery layout for realizing FLSBs with good flexibility, energy density, and cycling stability.