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Wei H, Cheng Z, Wu T, Liu Y, Guo J, Chen PA, Xia J, Xie H, Qiu X, Liu T, Zhang B, Hui J, Zeng Z, Bai Y, Hu Y. Novel Organic Superbase Dopants for Ultraefficient N-Doping of Organic Semiconductors. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2300084. [PMID: 36929089 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202300084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Doping is a powerful technique for engineering the electrical properties of organic semiconductors (OSCs), yet efficient n-doping of OSCs remains a central challenge. Herein, the discovery of two organic superbase dopants, namely P2-t-Bu and P4-t-Bu as ultra-efficient n-dopants for OSCs is reported. Typical n-type semiconductors such as N2200 and PC61 BM are shown to experience a significant increase of conductivity upon doping by the two dopants. In particular, the optimized electrical conductivity of P2-t-Bu-doped PC61 BM reaches a record-high value of 2.64 S cm-1 . The polaron generation efficiency of P2-t-Bu-doped in PC61 BM is found to be over 35%, which is 2-3 times higher than that of benchmark n-dopant N-DMBI. In addition, a deprotonation-initiated, nucleophilic-attack-based n-doping mechanism is proposed for the organic superbases, which involves the deprotonation of OSC molecules, the nucleophilic attack of the resulting carbanions on the OSC's π-bonds, and the subsequent n-doping through single electron transfer process between the anionized and neutral OSCs. This work highlights organic superbases as promising n-dopants for OSCs and opens up opportunities to explore and develop highly efficient n-dopants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Wei
- International Science and Technology Innovation Cooperation Base for Advanced Display Technologies of Hunan Province, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Hunan University, Shenzhen, 518063, China
- Changsha Semiconductor Technology and Application Innovation Research Institute, College of Semiconductors (College of Integrated Circuits), Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Zehong Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Tong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Yu Liu
- International Science and Technology Innovation Cooperation Base for Advanced Display Technologies of Hunan Province, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Jing Guo
- International Science and Technology Innovation Cooperation Base for Advanced Display Technologies of Hunan Province, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Ping-An Chen
- International Science and Technology Innovation Cooperation Base for Advanced Display Technologies of Hunan Province, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Jiangnan Xia
- International Science and Technology Innovation Cooperation Base for Advanced Display Technologies of Hunan Province, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Haihong Xie
- International Science and Technology Innovation Cooperation Base for Advanced Display Technologies of Hunan Province, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Xincan Qiu
- International Science and Technology Innovation Cooperation Base for Advanced Display Technologies of Hunan Province, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- College of Energy, Soochow University, 688 Moye Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Bohan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immune Engineering, Henan University, 85 Minglun Street, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China
| | - Jingshu Hui
- College of Energy, Soochow University, 688 Moye Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Zebing Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Yugang Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Yuanyuan Hu
- International Science and Technology Innovation Cooperation Base for Advanced Display Technologies of Hunan Province, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Hunan University, Shenzhen, 518063, China
- Changsha Semiconductor Technology and Application Innovation Research Institute, College of Semiconductors (College of Integrated Circuits), Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
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Gao R, Wu Q, Zhang J, Cen H, Hai J, Li X, Zhang J, Lu Z. Organic N‐type Dopants with a Phenyl Tertiary Carbon Structure: Molecular Structure and Doping Properties. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202204021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ran Gao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magneto-chemical Functional Materials College of Chemistry and Bioengineering Guilin University of Technology Guilin 541004 China
| | - Qinggang Wu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magneto-chemical Functional Materials College of Chemistry and Bioengineering Guilin University of Technology Guilin 541004 China
| | - Jiyun Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magneto-chemical Functional Materials College of Chemistry and Bioengineering Guilin University of Technology Guilin 541004 China
| | - Huan Cen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magneto-chemical Functional Materials College of Chemistry and Bioengineering Guilin University of Technology Guilin 541004 China
| | - Jiefeng Hai
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magneto-chemical Functional Materials College of Chemistry and Bioengineering Guilin University of Technology Guilin 541004 China
| | - Xueming Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magneto-chemical Functional Materials College of Chemistry and Bioengineering Guilin University of Technology Guilin 541004 China
| | - Jinxiao Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magneto-chemical Functional Materials College of Chemistry and Bioengineering Guilin University of Technology Guilin 541004 China
| | - Zhenhuan Lu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magneto-chemical Functional Materials College of Chemistry and Bioengineering Guilin University of Technology Guilin 541004 China
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