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Patrikar K, Rao VR, Kabra D, Mondal A. Understanding the Microscopic Origin of the Contact Resistance at the Polymer-Electrode Interface. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:49427-49435. [PMID: 37830921 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c10260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Contact resistance (RC) in organic devices originates from a mismatch in energy levels between injecting electrodes and organic semiconductors (OSCs). However, the microscopic effects governing charge transfer between electrodes and the OSCs have not been analyzed in detail. We fabricated transistors with different OSCs (PTB7, PCDTBT, and PTB7-Th) and electrodes (MoO3, Au, and Ag) and measured their contact resistance. Regardless of the electrodes, devices with PTB7-Th exhibit the lowest values of RC. To explain the trends observed, first-principles computations were performed on contact interfaces based on the projector operator diabatization method. Our results revealed that differences in energy levels and the electronic couplings between OSCs' highest occupied molecular orbitals and vacant states on the electrodes influence device RC. Further, based on values obtained from the first-principles, the rate of charge transfer between OSCs and electrodes is calculated and found to correlate strongly with trends in RC for devices with different OSCs. We thus show that device RC is governed by the feasibility of charge transfer at the contact interface and hence determined by energy levels and electronic coupling among orbitals and states located on OSCs and electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalyani Patrikar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - V Ramgopal Rao
- Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Rajasthan 333031, India
| | - Dinesh Kabra
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | - Anirban Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
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Hahm YE, Kweon S, Park MB, Park YD. Highly Sensitive and Selective Organic Gas Sensors Based on Nitrided ZSM-5 Zeolite. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:7196-7203. [PMID: 36695727 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c18498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
For next-generation gas sensors, conductive polymers have strong potential for overcoming the existing deficiencies of conventional inorganic sensors based on metallic oxides. However, the signal of organic gas sensors is inferior to that of inorganic metal oxide gas sensors because of organic gas sensors' poor charge carrier transport. Herein, the combination of an organic transistor-type gas sensor and a zeolite with strong gas-adsorbing properties is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. Among the various investigated zeolites, ZSM-5 with ∼5.5 Å pore openings enhanced the adsorption for small gas molecules when combined with a polymer active layer, where it provided a pathway for gas molecules to penetrate the zeolite channels. Moreover, nitrided ZSM-5 (N-ZSM-5) enhanced the sensing performance of NO2 molecules selectively because N in the N-ZSM-5 framework strongly interacted with NO2 molecules. These results open the possibility for zeolite-modified organic gas sensors that selectively adsorb target gas molecules via heteroatoms substituted into the zeolite framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yea Eun Hahm
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungjoon Kweon
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Bum Park
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong Don Park
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
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Wang B, Li H, Tan H, Gu Y, Chen L, Ji L, Sun Z, Sun Q, Ding S, Zhang DW, Zhu H. Gate-Modulated High-Response Field-Effect Transistor-Type Gas Sensor Based on the MoS 2/Metal-Organic Framework Heterostructure. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:42356-42364. [PMID: 36074810 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c11359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The high surface-to-volume ratio and decent material properties of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) make them advantageous as an active channel in field-effect transistor (FET)-type gas sensing devices. However, most existing TMD gas sensors are based on a two-terminal resistance-type structure and suffer from low responsivity and slow response, which has urged materials optimization as well as device engineering. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have a large number of ordered binding sites in the pores that can specifically bind to gas molecules and can be decorated on TMD surfaces to enhance gas sensing capabilities. In this work, we successfully realize the FET-type gas sensor with MoS2-MOF as the channel. The fabricated gas sensor exhibits enhanced NH3 sensing performance (22.475 times higher in responsivity) as compared to the device with a bare MoS2 channel. In addition, the FET-type gas sensor geometry enables effective tuning of sensitivity through electrical gating based on the modulation over the channel carrier concentration. Furthermore, the dependence of responsivity on the MoS2 thickness is investigated as well to achieve an in-depth understanding of the electrical modulation mechanism of the MOF-decorated MoS2 gas sensors. The demonstrated results can pave an attractive pathway toward the realization of advanced high-response and tunable TMD-based gas sensing devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boran Wang
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Hongbin Li
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Haotian Tan
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yi Gu
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Lin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Li Ji
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zhengzong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Qingqing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Shijin Ding
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - David Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Hao Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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Kwon EH, Kim M, Lee CY, Kim M, Park YD. Metal-Organic-Framework-Decorated Carbon Nanofibers with Enhanced Gas Sensitivity When Incorporated into an Organic Semiconductor-Based Gas Sensor. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:10637-10647. [PMID: 35175723 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c24740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Because of their high porosity, metal-organic framework (MOF) materials have attracted much attention for use in gas-sensing applications. However, problems with the processability of MOFs for use in reliable gas-sensing electronics remain unsolved. Herein, combination of the strong gas-adsorbing properties of MOF nanomaterials and organic thin-film transistor-type chemical sensors is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The hybrid blend system with inorganic MOF nanomaterials and organic semiconductors likely exhibits thermodynamic instability because of each phase's self-aggregation, which is difficult to settle without surface functionalization. We propose a novel method to produce an inorganic-organic hybrid sensor by introducing carbon nanofibers as a scaffold. We demonstrate that the carbon nanofibers perform dual functions: enabling the attachment of MOF nanoparticles at the fiber surface, which stabilizes the nanoparticle-embedded polymer layer, and maintaining reliable conductivity for improved gas-sensing performance. On the basis of our characterization of their nanomorphology and nanocrystal structure, the MOF nanoparticles and carbon nanofibers are shown to render a hybrid core-shell structure in the conjugated polymer matrix. This organic-inorganic hybrid system was incorporated into a field-effect transistor device to detect hazardous NO2 gas analytes, operating in real-time with high responsivity. The prototype chemical sensor holds enormous promise for other chemical sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Hye Kwon
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Incheon National University, 119 Academy-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Miyeon Kim
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Incheon National University, 119 Academy-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Yeon Lee
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Incheon National University, 119 Academy-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong Don Park
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Incheon National University, 119 Academy-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
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Hu H, Ruan G, Jiang X, Pan H, Wu Z, Huang Y. Enhanced ethopabate adsorption in monodispersed porous carbon derived from zeolitic imidazolate framework-8. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj00843b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Drastically improved adsorption capacity for ethopabate is achieved by the partial carbonization of ZIF-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyun Hu
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Food Safety and Detection, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, Guangxi, China
| | - Guihua Ruan
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Food Safety and Detection, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiangqiong Jiang
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Food Safety and Detection, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, Guangxi, China
| | - Hong Pan
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Food Safety and Detection, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhuqiang Wu
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Food Safety and Detection, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, Guangxi, China
| | - Yipeng Huang
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Food Safety and Detection, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, Guangxi, China
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