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Quenum J, Zenyuk IV, Ushizima D. Lithium Metal Battery Quality Control via Transformer-CNN Segmentation. J Imaging 2023; 9:111. [PMID: 37367459 DOI: 10.3390/jimaging9060111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Lithium metal battery (LMB) has the potential to be the next-generation battery system because of its high theoretical energy density. However, defects known as dendrites are formed by heterogeneous lithium (Li) plating, which hinders the development and utilization of LMBs. Non-destructive techniques to observe the dendrite morphology often use X-ray computed tomography (XCT) to provide cross-sectional views. To retrieve three-dimensional structures inside a battery, image segmentation becomes essential to quantitatively analyze XCT images. This work proposes a new semantic segmentation approach using a transformer-based neural network called TransforCNN that is capable of segmenting out dendrites from XCT data. In addition, we compare the performance of the proposed TransforCNN with three other algorithms, U-Net, Y-Net, and E-Net, consisting of an ensemble network model for XCT analysis. Our results show the advantages of using TransforCNN when evaluating over-segmentation metrics, such as mean intersection over union (mIoU) and mean Dice similarity coefficient (mDSC), as well as through several qualitatively comparative visualizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerome Quenum
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Berkeley College of Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Applied Mathematics and Computational Research Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Iryna V Zenyuk
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, National Fuel Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Daniela Ushizima
- Applied Mathematics and Computational Research Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Berkeley Institute for Data Science, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
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Pan J, Xu S, Cai T, Hu L, Che X, Dong W, Shi Z, Rai AK, Wang N, Huang F, Dou SX. Boosting Cycling Stability of Polymer Sodium Battery by "Rigid-Flexible" Coupled Interfacial Stress Modulation. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:3630-3636. [PMID: 36847547 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c04854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The discontinuous interfacial contact of solid-state polymer metal batteries is due to the stress changes in the electrode structure during cycling, resulting in poor ion transport. Herein, a rigid-flexible coupled interface stress modulation strategy is developed to solve the above issues, which is to design a rigid cathode with enhanced solid-solution behavior to guide the uniform distribution of ions and electric field. Meanwhile, the polymer components are optimized to build an organic-inorganic blended flexible interfacial film to relieve the change of interfacial stress and ensure rapid ion transmission. The fabricated battery comprising a Co-modulated P2-type layered cathode (Na0.67Mn2/3Co1/3O2) and a high ion conductive polymer could deliver good cycling stability without distinct capacity fading (72.8 mAh g-1 over 350 cycles at 1 C), outperforming those without Co modulation or interfacial film construction. This work demonstrates a promising rigid-flexible coupled interfacial stress modulation strategy for polymer-metal batteries with excellent cycling stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Pan
- State Key Laboratory of High-Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Shumao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of High-Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Tianxun Cai
- State Key Laboratory of High-Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Lulu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of High-Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Xiangli Che
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wujie Dong
- State Key Laboratory of High-Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Zhiyuan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of High-Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Alok Kumar Rai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Nana Wang
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, University of Wollongong Innovation Campus, North Wollongong 2500, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Fuqiang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of High-Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 200050, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shi Xue Dou
- Institute of Energy Materials Science, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200050, China
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Frenck L, Lennartz P, Parkinson DY, Winter M, Balsara NP, Brunklaus G. Failure Mechanisms at the Interfaces between Lithium Metal Electrodes and a Single-Ion Conducting Polymer Gel Electrolyte. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:53893-53903. [PMID: 36421764 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c16869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Polymer electrolytes have the potential to enable rechargeable lithium (Li) metal batteries. However, growth of nonuniform high surface area Li still occurs frequently and eventually leads to a short-circuit. In this study, a single-ion conducting polymer gel electrolyte is operated at room temperature in symmetric Li||Li cells. We use X-ray microtomography and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) to study the cells. In separate experiments, cells were cycled at current densities of 0.1 and 0.3 mA cm-2 and short-circuits were obtained eventually after an average of approximately 240 cycles and 30 cycles, respectively. EIS reveals an initially decreasing interfacial resistance associated with electrodeposition of nonuniform Li protrusions and the concomitant increase in electrode surface area. X-ray microtomography images show that many of the nonuniform Li deposits at 0.1 mA cm-2 are related to the presence of impurities in both electrolyte and electrode phases. Protrusions are globular when they are close to electrolyte impurities but are moss-like when they appear near the impurities in the lithium metal. At long times, the interfacial resistance increases, perhaps due to additional impedance due to the formation of additional solid electrolyte interface (SEI) at the growing protrusions until the cells short. At 0.3 mA cm-2, large regions of the electrode-electrolyte interface are covered with mossy deposits. EIS reveals a decreasing interfacial resistance due to the increase in interfacial area up to short-circuit; the increase in interfacial impedance observed at the low current density is not observed. The results emphasize the importance of pure surfaces and materials on the microscopic scale and suggest that modification of interfaces and electrolyte may be necessary to enable uniform Li electrodeposition at high current densities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Frenck
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California94720, United States
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California94720, United States
| | - Peter Lennartz
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Helmholtz-Institute Münster (IEK-12), Corrensstr. 46, 48149Münster, Germany
- Faculty of Physics, University of Duisburg-Essen, Lotharstr. 1-21, 47048Duisburg, Germany
| | - Dilworth Y Parkinson
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California94720, United States
| | - Martin Winter
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Helmholtz-Institute Münster (IEK-12), Corrensstr. 46, 48149Münster, Germany
- MEET Battery Research Center, Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 46, 48149Münster, Germany
| | - Nitash P Balsara
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California94720, United States
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California94720, United States
| | - Gunther Brunklaus
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Helmholtz-Institute Münster (IEK-12), Corrensstr. 46, 48149Münster, Germany
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Guo B, Fu Y, Wang J, Gong Y, Zhao Y, Yang K, Zhou S, Liu L, Yang S, Liu X, Pan F. Strategies and characterizations enabling high performance PEO-based solid-state lithium-ion batteries. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:8182-8193. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cc02306g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Polyethylene oxide (PEO) based polymer electrolytes have been widely used in solid-state lithium batteries (SSBs) owing to their high solubility of lithium salt and favourable ionic conductivity, flexibility for improved...
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