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Li Y, Cheng M, Liu Q, Wang R, Ma W, Li X, Hu J, Wei T, Liu C, Ling Y, Liu B, Chen M, Li W. Toward High-Performance Mg/S Batteries with M4-Assisted Mg(AlCl 4 ) 2 /PYR14TFSI/DME Electrolyte and MoS 2 @CMK/S Cathode. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2307396. [PMID: 37888791 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Rechargeable magnesium batteries (RMBs) are considered as one of the most promising candidates for next-generation batteries. However, the popularization of RMBs is seriously plagued due to the lack of suitable non-nucleophilic electrolytes and the passivation of Mg anode. Herein, a novel non-nucleophilic electrolyte is developed by introducing (s)-1-methoxy-2-propylamine (M4) into themagnesium aluminum chloride complex (MACC)-like electrolyte. The as-synthesizes Mg(AlCl4 )2 -IL-DME-M4 electrolyte enables robust reversible cycling of Mg plating/stripping with low overpotential, high anodic stability, and ionic conductivity (8.56 mS cm-1 ). These features should be mainly attributed to the in situ formation of an MgF2 containing Mg2+ -conducting interphase, which dramatically suppresses the passivation and parasitic reaction of Mg anode with electrolyte. Remarkably, the Mg/S batteries assemble with as-synthesize electrolyte and a new type MoS2 @CMK/S cathode deliver unprecedented electrochemical performance. Specifically, the Mg/S battery exhibited the highest reversible capacity up to 1210 mAh g-1 at 0.1 C, excellent rate capability and satisfactory long-term cycling stability with a reversible capacity of 370 mAh g-1 (coulombic efficiency of ≈100%) at 1.0 C for 600 cycles. The study findings provide a novel strategy and inspiration for designing efficient non-nucleophilic Mg electrolyte and suitable sulfur-host materials for practical Mg/S battery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yabing Li
- Suzhou Key Laboratory for Nanophotonic and Nanoelectronic Materials and Its Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215009, China
| | - Miao Cheng
- Suzhou Key Laboratory for Nanophotonic and Nanoelectronic Materials and Its Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215009, China
| | - Qianqian Liu
- Suzhou Key Laboratory for Nanophotonic and Nanoelectronic Materials and Its Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215009, China
| | - Ruirui Wang
- Suzhou Key Laboratory for Nanophotonic and Nanoelectronic Materials and Its Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215009, China
| | - Wujun Ma
- College of Textile and Garment, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226019, China
| | - Xin Li
- Suzhou Key Laboratory for Nanophotonic and Nanoelectronic Materials and Its Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215009, China
| | - Jing Hu
- Suzhou Key Laboratory for Nanophotonic and Nanoelectronic Materials and Its Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215009, China
| | - Tao Wei
- Suzhou Key Laboratory for Nanophotonic and Nanoelectronic Materials and Its Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215009, China
| | - Chengbao Liu
- Suzhou Key Laboratory for Nanophotonic and Nanoelectronic Materials and Its Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215009, China
| | - Yun Ling
- Suzhou Key Laboratory for Nanophotonic and Nanoelectronic Materials and Its Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215009, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Suzhou Key Laboratory for Nanophotonic and Nanoelectronic Materials and Its Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215009, China
| | - Muzi Chen
- Soochow Univ, Anal & Testing Ctr, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Wanfei Li
- Suzhou Key Laboratory for Nanophotonic and Nanoelectronic Materials and Its Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215009, China
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Chinnadurai D, Li Y, Zhang C, Yang G, Lieu WY, Kumar S, Xing Z, Liu W, Seh ZW. Chloride-Free Electrolyte Based on Tetrabutylammonium Triflate Additive for Extended Anodic Stability in Magnesium Batteries. NANO LETTERS 2023. [PMID: 37992235 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c03740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Rechargeable magnesium batteries (RMBs) have been proposed as a promising alternative to currently commercialized lithium-ion batteries. However, Mg anode passivation in conventional electrolytes necessitates the use of highly corrosive Cl- ions in the electrolyte. Herein for the first time, we design a chloride-free electrolyte for RMBs with magnesium bis(hexamethyldisilazide) (Mg(HMDS)2) and magnesium triflate (Mg(OTf)2) as the main salts and tetrabutylammonium triflate (TBAOTf) as an additive. The TBAOTf additive improved the dissolution of Mg salts, consequently enhancing the charge-carrying species in the electrolyte. COMSOL studies further revealed desirable Mg growth in our modulated electrolyte, substantiated by homogeneous electric flux distribution across the electrolyte-electrode interface. Post-mortem chemical composition analysis uncovered a MgF2-rich solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) that facilitated exceptional Mg deposition/dissolution reversibility. Our study illustrates a highly promising strategy for synthesizing a corrosion-free and reversible Mg battery electrolyte with a widened anodic stability window of up to 4.43 V.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deviprasath Chinnadurai
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Yuanjian Li
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Chang Zhang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, People's Republic of China
| | - Gaoliang Yang
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Wei Ying Lieu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Sonal Kumar
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Zhenxiang Xing
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Wei Seh
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
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3
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Santana Santos C, Romio M, Surace Y, Eshraghi N, Amores M, Mautner A, Groher C, Jahn M, Ventosa E, Schuhmann W. Unveiling the electronic properties of native solid electrolyte interphase layers on Mg metal electrodes using local electrochemistry. Chem Sci 2023; 14:9923-9932. [PMID: 37736636 PMCID: PMC10510847 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc02840b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnesium-ion batteries (MIBs) are of considerable interest as environmentally more sustainable, cheaper, and safer alternatives to Li-ion systems. However, spontaneous electrolyte decomposition occurs due to the low standard reduction potential of Mg, leading to the deposition of layers known as native solid electrolyte interphases (n-SEIs). These layers may inhibit the charge transfer (electrons and ions) and, therefore, reduce the specific power and cycle life of MIBs. We propose scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) as a microelectrochemical tool to locally quantify the electronic properties of n-SEIs for MIBs. These interphases are spontaneously formed upon contact of Mg metal disks with organoaluminate, organoborate, or bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (TFSI)-based electrolyte solutions. Our results unveil increased local electronic and global ionic insulating properties of the n-SEI formed when using TFSI-based electrolytes, whereas a low electronically protecting character is observed with the organoaluminate solution, and the organoborate solution being in between them. Moreover, ex situ morphological and chemical characterization was performed on the Mg samples to support the results obtained by the SECM measurements. Differences in the electronic and ionic conductivities of n-SEIs perfectly correlate with their chemical compositions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Santana Santos
- Analytical Chemistry - Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES), Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum Universitätsstr. 150 D-44780 Bochum Germany
| | - Martina Romio
- Battery Technologies, Centre for Low-Emission Transport, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH Giefinggasse 2 1210 Vienna Austria
| | - Yuri Surace
- Battery Technologies, Centre for Low-Emission Transport, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH Giefinggasse 2 1210 Vienna Austria
| | - Nicolas Eshraghi
- Corporate Research and Development, Umicore Watertorenstraat 33, BE-2250 Olen Belgium
| | - Marco Amores
- Battery Technologies, Centre for Low-Emission Transport, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH Giefinggasse 2 1210 Vienna Austria
| | - Andreas Mautner
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Universität Wien Währinger Straße 42 1090 Vienna Austria
- Institute for Environmental Biotechnology, Department IFA, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna Konrad-Lorenz-Straße 20, 3430 Tulln an der Donau Austria
| | - Christiane Groher
- Battery Technologies, Centre for Low-Emission Transport, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH Giefinggasse 2 1210 Vienna Austria
| | - Marcus Jahn
- Battery Technologies, Centre for Low-Emission Transport, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH Giefinggasse 2 1210 Vienna Austria
| | - Edgar Ventosa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Burgos Pza. Misael Bañuelos s/n 09001 Burgos Spain
| | - Wolfgang Schuhmann
- Analytical Chemistry - Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES), Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum Universitätsstr. 150 D-44780 Bochum Germany
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Man Y, Jaumaux P, Xu Y, Fei Y, Mo X, Wang G, Zhou X. Research development on electrolytes for magnesium-ion batteries. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2023; 68:1819-1842. [PMID: 37516661 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2023.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Magnesium-ion batteries (MIBs) are considered strong candidates for next-generation energy-storage systems owing to their high theoretical capacity, divalent nature and the natural abundancy of magnesium (Mg) resources on Earth. However, the development of MIBs has been mainly limited by the incompatibility of Mg anodes with several Mg salts and conventional organic-liquid electrolytes. Therefore, one major challenge faced by MIBs technology lies on developing safe electrolytes, which demonstrate appropriate electrochemical voltage window and compatibility with Mg anode. This review discusses the development of MIBs from the point-of-view of the electrolyte syntheses. A systematic assessment of promising electrolyte design strategies is proposed including liquid and solid-state electrolytes. Liquid-based electrolytes have been largely explored and can be categorized by solvent-type: organic solvent, aqueous solvent, and ionic-liquids. Organic-liquid electrolytes usually present high electrochemical and chemical stability but are rather dangerous, while aqueous electrolytes present high ionic conductivity and eco-friendliness but narrow electrochemical stability window. Some ionic-liquid electrolytes have proved outstanding performance but are fairly expensive. As alternative to liquid electrolytes, solid-state electrolytes are increasingly attractive to increase energy density and safety. However, improving the ionic conductivity of Mg ions in these types of electrolytes is extremely challenging. We believe that this comprehensive review will enable researchers to rapidly grasp the problems faced by electrolytes for MIBs and the electrolyte design strategies proposed to this date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuehua Man
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Pauline Jaumaux
- Center for Clean Energy Technology, School of Mathematical and Physical Science, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Yifan Xu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yating Fei
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiangyin Mo
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Guoxiu Wang
- Center for Clean Energy Technology, School of Mathematical and Physical Science, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia.
| | - Xiaosi Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Chinnadurai D, Lieu WY, Kumar S, Yang G, Li Y, Seh ZW. A Passivation-Free Solid Electrolyte Interface Regulated by Magnesium Bromide Additive for Highly Reversible Magnesium Batteries. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:1564-1572. [PMID: 36749889 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c00033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Highly reversible Mg battery chemistry demands a suitable electrolyte formulation highly compatible with currently available electrodes. In general, conventional electrolytes form a passivation layer on the Mg anode, requiring the use of MgCl2 additives that lead to severe corrosion of cell components and low anodic stability. Herein, for the first time, we conducted a comparative study of a series of Mg halides as potential electrolyte additives in conventional magnesium bis(hexamethyldisilazide)-based electrolytes. A novel electrolyte formulation that includes MgBr2 showed unprecedented performance in magnesium plating/stripping, with an average Coulombic efficiency of 99.26% over 1000 cycles at 0.5 mA/cm2 and 0.5 mAh/cm2. Further analysis revealed the in situ formation of a robust Mg anode-electrolyte interface, which leads to dendrite-free Mg deposition and stable cycling performance in a Mg-Mo6S8 battery over 100 cycles. This study demonstrates the rational formulation of a novel MgBr2-based electrolyte with high anodic stability of 3.1 V for promising future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deviprasath Chinnadurai
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Wei Ying Lieu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, Singapore 138634, Singapore
- Pillar of Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Road, Singapore 487372, Singapore
| | - Sonal Kumar
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Gaoliang Yang
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Yuanjian Li
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Zhi Wei Seh
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, Singapore 138634, Singapore
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6
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Li X, Liu Q, Wang X, Liu J, Cheng M, Hu J, Wei T, Li W, Ling Y, Chen B, Pan Z, Ma W, Liu B, Wu Z, Liu J, Zhang Y. A facile in situ Mg surface chemistry strategy for conditioning-free Mg[AlCl4]2 electrolytes. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.140213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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7
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Medina A, Pérez-Vicente C, Alcántara R. Advancing towards a Practical Magnesium Ion Battery. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:7488. [PMID: 34885643 PMCID: PMC8659073 DOI: 10.3390/ma14237488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A post-lithium battery era is envisaged, and it is urgent to find new and sustainable systems for energy storage. Multivalent metals, such as magnesium, are very promising to replace lithium, but the low mobility of magnesium ion and the lack of suitable electrolytes are serious concerns. This review mainly discusses the advantages and shortcomings of the new rechargeable magnesium batteries, the future directions and the possibility of using solid electrolytes. Special emphasis is put on the diversity of structures, and on the theoretical calculations about voltage and structures. A critical issue is to select the combination of the positive and negative electrode materials to achieve an optimum battery voltage. The theoretical calculations of the structure, intercalation voltage and diffusion path can be very useful for evaluating the materials and for comparison with the experimental results of the magnesium batteries which are not hassle-free.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ricardo Alcántara
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Química Fina y Nanoquímica (IUNAN), Faculty of Sciences, Campus de Rabanales, University of Córdoba, Edificio Marie Curie, 14071 Córdoba, Spain; (A.M.); (C.P.-V.)
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