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Xiao P, Wang H, Liu H, Yuan H, Guo C, Feng Y, Qi P, Yin T, Zhang Y, He H, Tang X, Gou J. Milk Exosome-Liposome Hybrid Vesicles with Self-Adapting Surface Properties Overcome the Sequential Absorption Barriers for Oral Delivery of Peptides. ACS NANO 2024. [PMID: 39099105 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c02560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Milk exosomes (mExos) have demonstrated significant promise as vehicles for the oral administration of protein and peptide drugs owing to their superior capacity to traverse epithelial barriers. Nevertheless, certain challenges persist due to their intrinsic characteristics, including suboptimal drug loading efficiency, inadequate mucus penetration capability, and susceptibility to membrane protein loss. Herein, a hybrid vesicle with self-adaptive surface properties (mExos@DSPE-Hyd-PMPC) was designed by fusing functionalized liposomes with natural mExos, aiming to overcome the limitations associated with mExos and unlock their full potential in oral peptide delivery. The surface property transformation of mExos@DSPE-Hyd-PMPC was achieved by introducing a pH-sensitive hydrazone bond between the highly hydrophilic zwitterionic polymer and the phospholipids, utilizing the pH microenvironment on the jejunum surface. In comparison to natural mExos, hybrid vesicles exhibited a 2.4-fold enhancement in the encapsulation efficiency of the semaglutide (SET). The hydrophilic and neutrally charged surfaces of mExos@DSPE-Hyd-PMPC in the jejunal lumen exhibited improved preservation of membrane proteins and efficient traversal of the mucus barrier. Upon reaching the surface of jejunal epithelial cells, the highly retained membrane proteins and positively charged surfaces of the hybrid vesicle efficiently overcame the apical barrier, the intracellular transport barrier, and the basolateral exocytosis barrier. The self-adaptive surface properties of the hybrid vesicle resulted in an oral bioavailability of 8.7% and notably enhanced the pharmacological therapeutic effects. This study successfully addresses some limitations of natural mExos and holds promise for overcoming the sequential absorption barriers associated with the oral delivery of peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peifu Xiao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Hanxun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Hongbing Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Haoyang Yuan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Chen Guo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yupeng Feng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Pan Qi
- Changchun GeneScience Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Tian Yin
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Haibing He
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xing Tang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jingxin Gou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
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Patel M, Vernon B, Jeong B. Low-Molecular-Weight PEGs for Cryopreservation of Stem Cell Spheroids. Biomater Res 2024; 28:0037. [PMID: 38845843 PMCID: PMC11156479 DOI: 10.34133/bmr.0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Stem cell spheroids (SCSs) are a valuable tool in stem cell research and regenerative medicine. SCSs provide a platform for stem cell behavior in a more biologically relevant context with enhanced cell-cell communications. In this study, we investigated the recovery of SCSs after cryopreservation at -196 °C for 7 days. Prior to cryopreservation, the SCSs were preincubated for 0 h (no preincubation), 2 h, 4 h, and 6 h at 37 °C in the presence of low-molecular-weight poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) with molecular weights of 200, 400, and 600 Da. The recovery rate of SCSs was markedly affected by both the PEG molecular weight and the preincubation time. Specifically, when SCSs were preincubated with a PEG200 solution for 2 to 6 h, it significantly enhanced the recovery rate of the SCSs. Internalization of PEG200 through simple diffusion into the SCSs may be the cryoprotective mechanism. The PEG200 diffuses into the SCSs, which not only suppresses osmotic pressure development inside the cell but also inhibits ice formation. The recovered SCSs demonstrated both fusibility and capabilities for proliferation and differentiation comparable to SCSs recovered after dimethyl sulfoxide 10% cryopreservation. This study indicates that PEG200 serves as an effective cryoprotectant for SCSs. A simple preincubation procedure in the presence of the polymer greatly improves the recovery rate of SCSs from cryopreservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhumita Patel
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience,
Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Brent Vernon
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering,
Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-9709, USA
| | - Byeongmoon Jeong
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience,
Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
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Shao Y, Chen M, Chen W, Wang Z, Sui M, Tian M, Wu Y, Song J, Ji D, Song F. Integration of Activation by Hypoxia and Inhibition Resistance of Tumor Cells to Apoptosis for Precise and Augmented Photodynamic Therapy. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2300503. [PMID: 37306493 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202300503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) uses photosensitizers to convert oxygen (O2 ) to reactive oxygen species (ROS) under irradiation to induce DNA damage and kill cancer cells. However, the effect of PDT is usually alleviated by apoptosis resistance mechanism of tumor living cells. MTH1 enzyme is known to be such an apoptosis-resistance enzyme which is over expressed as a scavenger to repair the damaged DNA. In this work, a hypoxia-activated nanosystem FTPA, which can be degraded to release the encapsulated PDT photosensitizer 4-DCF-MPYM and an inhibitor TH588 is proposed. The inhibitor TH588 can inhibit the DNA repair process by reducing the activity of MTH1 enzyme, and achieve the purpose of amplifying the therapeutic effect of PDT. This work demonstrates that a precise and augmented tumor PDT is achieved by integration of hypoxia-activation and inhibition resistance of tumor cells to apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Shao
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, P. R. China
| | - Miaomiao Chen
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Wenlong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Zehui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Mengzhang Sui
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Mingyu Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Yingnan Wu
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, P. R. China
| | - Jitao Song
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, P. R. China
| | - Debin Ji
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, P. R. China
| | - Fengling Song
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China
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Li Y, Lin L, Xie J, Wei L, Xiong S, Yu K, Zhang B, Wang S, Li Z, Tang Y, Chen G, Li Z, Yu Z, Wang X. ROS-Triggered Self-Assembled Nanoparticles Based on a Chemo-Sonodynamic Combinational Therapy Strategy for the Noninvasive Elimination of Hypoxic Tumors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:15893-15906. [PMID: 36940438 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c00990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The hypopermeability and hypoxia in the tumor milieu are important factors that limit multiple treatments. Herein, the reactive oxygen species (ROS)-triggered self-assembled nanoparticles (RP-NPs) was constructed. The natural small molecule Rhein (Rh) was encapsulated into RP-NPs as a sonosensitizer highly accumulated at the tumor site. Then highly tissue-permeable ultrasound (US) irradiation induced apoptosis of tumor cells through the excitation of Rh and acoustic cavitation, which prompted the rapid production of large amounts of ROS in the hypoxic tumor microenvironment. In addition, the thioketal bond structures in the innovatively designed prodrug LA-GEM were triggered and broken by ROS to achieve rapid targeted release of the gemcitabine (GEM). Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) increased the tissue permeability of solid tumors and actively disrupted redox homeostasis via mitochondrial pathways to kill hypoxic tumor cells, and the triggered response mechanism to GEM synergistically amplified the effect of chemotherapy. The chemo-sonodynamic combinational treatment approach is highly effective and noninvasive, with promising applications for hypoxic tumor elimination, such as in cervical cancer (CCa) patients who want to maintain their reproductive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibing Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518028, China
| | - Ling Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Dongguan Institute of Clinical Cancer Research, Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523058, China
| | - Jiashan Xie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China
| | - Lixue Wei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China
| | - Shuping Xiong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China
| | - Kunyi Yu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Dongguan Institute of Clinical Cancer Research, Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523058, China
| | - Bingchen Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Dongguan Institute of Clinical Cancer Research, Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523058, China
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523058, China
| | - Shengtao Wang
- Affiliated Foshan Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University (Foshan Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital), Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Zibo Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Dongguan Institute of Clinical Cancer Research, Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523058, China
| | - Yan Tang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Dongguan Institute of Clinical Cancer Research, Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523058, China
| | - Guimei Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Dongguan Institute of Clinical Cancer Research, Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523058, China
| | - Zhongjun Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523058, China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dongguan, Guangdong 523058, China
| | - Zhiqiang Yu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Dongguan Institute of Clinical Cancer Research, Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523058, China
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523058, China
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China
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Patel M, Park JK, Jeong B. Rediscovery of poly(ethylene glycol)s as a cryoprotectant for mesenchymal stem cells. Biomater Res 2023; 27:17. [PMID: 36803669 PMCID: PMC9942331 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-023-00356-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A medium containing dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (10% v/v) is most widely used for cell cryopreservation at -196 °C. However, residual DMSO consistently raises concerns because of its toxicity; thus, its complete removal process is required. METHOD As biocompatible polymers approved by the Food and Drug Administration for various biomedical applications for humans, poly(ethylene glycol)s (PEGs) with various molecular weights (400, 600, 1 K, 1.5 K, 5 K, 10 K, and 20 K Da) were studied as a cryoprotectant of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Considering the cell permeability difference of PEGs depending on their molecular weight, the cells were preincubated for 0 h (no incubation), 2 h, and 4 h at 37 °C in the presence of PEGs at 10 wt.% before cryopreservation at -196 °C for 7 days. Then, cell recovery was assayed. RESULTS We found that low molecular weight PEGs (400 and 600 Da) exhibit excellent cryoprotecting properties by 2 h preincubation, whereas intermediate molecular weight PEGs (1 K, 1.5 K, and 5 K Da) exhibit their cryoprotecting properties without preincubation. High molecular weight PEGs (10 K and 20 K Da) were ineffective as cryoprotectants for MSCs. Studies on ice recrystallization inhibition (IRI), ice nucleation inhibition (INI), membrane stabilization, and intracellular transport of PEGs suggest that low molecular weight PEGs (400 and 600 Da) exhibit excellent intracellular transport properties, and thus the internalized PEGs during preincubation contribute to the cryoprotection. Intermediate molecular weight PEGs (1 K, 1.5 K, and 5 K Da) worked by extracellular PEGs through IRI, INI, as well as partly internalized PEGs. High molecular weight PEGs (10 K and 20 K Da) killed the cells during preincubation and were ineffective as cryoprotectants. CONCLUSIONS PEGs can be used as cryoprotectants. However, the detailed procedures, including preincubation, should consider the effect of the molecular weight of PEGs. The recovered cells well proliferated and underwent osteo/chondro/adipogenic differentiation similar to the MSCs recovered from the traditional DMSO 10% system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhumita Patel
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-Gil, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03760, Korea
| | - Jin Kyung Park
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-Gil, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03760, Korea
| | - Byeongmoon Jeong
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-Gil, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03760, Korea.
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Eberlein B, Mathes S, Fischer J, Darsow U, Biedermann T, Brockow K. Do basophil activation tests help elucidate allergic reactions to the ingredients in COVID-19 vaccines? Allergy 2022; 77:2924-2936. [PMID: 35266570 PMCID: PMC9111482 DOI: 10.1111/all.15278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The worldwide use of COVID-19 vaccines has shown that immediate allergic reactions to the ingredients are rare but should be clarified by means of an allergological work-up. This review aims to highlight the current state of knowledge and possible pathogenesis based on the literature published to date. In addition to recording a detailed history and performing skin tests, cellular tests (basophil activation or basophil histamine release test) by using the vaccines or modified compounds containing polyethylene glycol (PEG), rather than unmodified PEGs, have proven to be particularly helpful. Negative results with vaccines seem to indicate tolerance. Details of the performance of these cellular tests with different vaccines, PEGs of different molecular weights, other ingredients of the vaccines, as well as other PEGylated drugs, and the results in the context of COVID-19 vaccination of various working groups worldwide are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernadette Eberlein
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy BiedersteinSchool of MedicineTechnical University of MunichMunichGermany
| | - Sonja Mathes
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy BiedersteinSchool of MedicineTechnical University of MunichMunichGermany
| | - Jörg Fischer
- Department of DermatologyEberhard Karls UniversityTübingenGermany,Division of Experimental Allergy and ImmunodermatologyUniversity of OldenburgOldenburgGermany
| | - Ulf Darsow
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy BiedersteinSchool of MedicineTechnical University of MunichMunichGermany
| | - Tilo Biedermann
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy BiedersteinSchool of MedicineTechnical University of MunichMunichGermany
| | - Knut Brockow
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy BiedersteinSchool of MedicineTechnical University of MunichMunichGermany
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