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Xiao C, Zhai Y, Song Z, Wang K, Wang C, Jiang CS, Beard MC, Yan Y, Al-Jassim M. Operando Characterizations of Light-Induced Junction Evolution in Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:20909-20916. [PMID: 37071499 PMCID: PMC10165603 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c22801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Light-induced performance changes in metal halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have been studied intensively over the last decade, but little is known about the variation in microscopic optoelectronic properties of the perovskite heterojunctions in a completed device during operation. Here, we combine Kelvin probe force microscopy and transient reflection spectroscopy techniques to spatially resolve the evolution of junction properties during the operation of metal-halide PSCs and study the light-soaking effect. Our analysis showed a rise of an electric field at the hole-transport layer side, convoluted with a more reduced interfacial recombination rate at the electron-transport layer side in the PSCs with an n-i-p structure. The junction evolution is attributed to the effects of ion migration and self-poling by built-in voltage. Device performances are correlated with the changes of electrostatic potential distribution and interfacial carrier dynamics. Our results demonstrate a new route for studying the complex operation mechanism in PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanxiao Xiao
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Yaxin Zhai
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
- Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of Education, Department of Physics, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Zhaoning Song
- The University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
| | - Kang Wang
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Changlei Wang
- The University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
| | - Chun-Sheng Jiang
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Matthew C Beard
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Yanfa Yan
- The University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
| | - Mowafak Al-Jassim
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
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Udalova NN, Moskalenko AK, Belich NA, Ivlev PA, Tutantsev AS, Goodilin EA, Tarasov AB. Butanediammonium Salt Additives for Increasing Functional and Operando Stability of Light-Harvesting Materials in Perovskite Solar Cells. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:4357. [PMID: 36558209 PMCID: PMC9784390 DOI: 10.3390/nano12244357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Organic diammonium cations are a promising component of both layered (2D) and conventional (3D) hybrid halide perovskites in terms of increasing the stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). We investigated the crystallization ability of phase-pure 2D perovskites based on 1,4-butanediammonium iodide (BDAI2) with the layer thicknesses n = 1, 2, 3 and, for the first time, revealed the presence of a persistent barrier to obtain BDA-based layered compounds with n > 1. Secondly, we introduced BDAI2 salt into 3D lead−iodide perovskites with different cation compositions and discovered a threshold-like nonmonotonic dependence of the perovskite microstructure, optoelectronic properties, and device performance on the amount of diammonium additive. The value of the threshold amount of BDAI2 was found to be ≤1%, below which bulk passivation plays the positive effect on charge carrier lifetimes, fraction of radiative recombination, and PSCs power conversion efficiencies (PCE). In contrast, the presence of any amount of diammonium salt leads to the sufficient enhancement of the photothermal stability of perovskite materials and devices, compared to the reference samples. The performance of all the passivated devices remained within the range of 50 to 80% of the initial PCE after 400 h of continuous 1 sun irradiation with a stabilized temperature of 65 °C, while the performance of the control devices deteriorated after 170 h of the experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia N. Udalova
- Laboratory of New Materials for Solar Energetics, Department of Materials Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lenin Hills, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Aleksandra K. Moskalenko
- Laboratory of New Materials for Solar Energetics, Department of Materials Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lenin Hills, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikolai A. Belich
- Laboratory of New Materials for Solar Energetics, Department of Materials Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lenin Hills, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Pavel A. Ivlev
- Laboratory of New Materials for Solar Energetics, Department of Materials Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lenin Hills, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey S. Tutantsev
- Laboratory of New Materials for Solar Energetics, Department of Materials Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lenin Hills, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Eugene A. Goodilin
- Laboratory of New Materials for Solar Energetics, Department of Materials Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lenin Hills, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lenin Hills, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey B. Tarasov
- Laboratory of New Materials for Solar Energetics, Department of Materials Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lenin Hills, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lenin Hills, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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Perini CAR, Rojas-Gatjens E, Ravello M, Castro-Mendez AF, Hidalgo J, An Y, Kim S, Lai B, Li R, Silva-Acuña C, Correa-Baena JP. Interface Reconstruction from Ruddlesden-Popper Structures Impacts Stability in Lead Halide Perovskite Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2204726. [PMID: 36245328 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202204726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The impact of the bulky-cation-modified interfaces on halide perovskite solar cell stability is underexplored. In this work, the thermal instability of the bulky-cation interface layers used in the state-of-the-art solar cells is demonstrated. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and synchrotron-based grazing-incidence X-ray scattering measurements reveal significant changes in the chemical composition and structure at the surface of these films that occur under thermal stress. The changes impact charge-carrier dynamics and device operation, as shown in transient photoluminescence, excitation correlation spectroscopy, and solar cells. The type of cation used for surface treatment affects the extent of these changes, where long carbon chains provide more stable interfaces. These results highlight that prolonged annealing of the treated interfaces is critical to enable reliable reporting of performances and to drive the selection of different bulky cations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Esteban Rojas-Gatjens
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Magdalena Ravello
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | | | - Juanita Hidalgo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Yu An
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Sanggyun Kim
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Barry Lai
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 Cass Avenue, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Ruipeng Li
- National Synchrotron Light Source II (NSLS-II), Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - Carlos Silva-Acuña
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Juan-Pablo Correa-Baena
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
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