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Suwannarat S, Tephiruk N, Sunan S, Ruangwong K, Srisonphan S. Disinfection Efficacy of Electrohydraulic Discharge Plasma against Xanthomonas campestris pv campestris: A Sustainable Seed Treatment Approach. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:1469-1477. [PMID: 38231151 PMCID: PMC11080453 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
The prevalence of plant diseases caused by pathogens such as Xanthomonas campestris pv campestris (Xcc) poses a significant challenge to sustainable agriculture, necessitating the development of effective and eco-friendly disinfection methods. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of electrohydraulic discharge plasma (EHDP) as a promising alternative for disinfection against Xcc, a pathogen responsible for black rot in cruciferous vegetables. Unlike conventional gas-phase plasma, EHDP introduces two pivotal components: gas-liquid interface plasma (GLIP) and its consequential byproduct, plasma-activated water (PAW). While GLIP enables dual-phase production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS), PAW is a reservoir of liquid-phase long-lived RONS, thereby enhancing its bactericidal efficacy. In our evaluations, we tested EHDP-induced GLIP and EHDP-induced PAW against Xcc cells in both in vitro (Xcc suspension) and in vivo (Xcc-inoculated cabbage seeds) settings, achieving noteworthy results. Within 15 min, these methods eliminated ∼98% of the Xcc cells in suspension. For in vivo assessments, nontreated seeds exhibited an infection rate of 98%. In contrast, both EHDP treatments showed a significant reduction, with ∼60% fewer seeds infected while maintaining ∼90% germination rate. In addition, the liquid-phase RONS in EHDP-PAW may enhance seed vigor with a faster germination rate within the initial 5 days. Remarkably, around 90% of EHDP-PAW-treated seeds yielded healthy seedlings, indicating dual benefits in bacterial suppression and seed growth stimulation. In contrast, the percentage of healthy seedlings from nontreated, Xcc-inoculated seeds was approximately 70%. Our research demonstrates the feasibility of using eco-friendly EHDP in the seed disinfection process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sawita Suwannarat
- Department
of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Rd, Ladyaow Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Naowarat Tephiruk
- Department
of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Rd, Ladyaow Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Suwanna Sunan
- Department
of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Rd, Ladyaow Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Khomsan Ruangwong
- Department
of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Rd, Ladyaow Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Siwapon Srisonphan
- Department
of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Rd, Ladyaow Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
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Herianto S, Arcega RD, Hou CY, Chao HR, Lee CC, Lin CM, Mahmudiono T, Chen HL. Chemical decontamination of foods using non-thermal plasma-activated water. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 874:162235. [PMID: 36791866 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The presence of chemical contaminants in foods and agricultural products is one of the major safety issues worldwide, posing a serious concern to human health. Nonthermal plasma (NTP) containing richly reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) has been trialed as a potential decontamination method. Yet, this technology comes with multiple downsides, including adverse effects on the quality of treated foods and limited exposure to entire surfaces on samples with hard-to-reach spots, further hindering real-life applications. Therefore, plasma-activated water (PAW) has been recently developed to facilitate the interactions between RONS and contaminant molecules in the liquid phase, allowing a whole surface treatment with efficient chemical degradation. Here, we review the recent advances in PAW utilized as a chemical decontamination agent in foods. The reaction mechanisms and the main RONS contributors involved in the PAW-assisted removal of chemical contaminants are briefly outlined. Also, the comprehensive effects of these treatments on food qualities (chemical and physical characteristics) and toxicological evaluation of PAW (in vitro and in vivo) are thoroughly discussed. Ultimately, we identified some current challenges and provided relevant suggestions, which can further promote PAW research for real-life applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Herianto
- Department of Food Safety/Hygiene and Risk Management, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan; Chemical Biology and Molecular Biophysics Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program (TIGP), Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan; Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan; Department of Chemistry (Chemical Biology Division), College of Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Rachelle D Arcega
- Department of Food Safety/Hygiene and Risk Management, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yao Hou
- Department of Seafood Science, College of Hydrosphere, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan
| | - How-Ran Chao
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan; Institute of Food Safety Management, College of Agriculture, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan; Emerging Compounds Research Center, General Research Service Center, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chang Lee
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan; Research Center of Environmental Trace Toxic Substances, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Min Lin
- Department of Seafood Science, College of Hydrosphere, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan
| | - Trias Mahmudiono
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Hsiu-Ling Chen
- Department of Food Safety/Hygiene and Risk Management, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan; Research Center of Environmental Trace Toxic Substances, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan; Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia.
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Liu X, Wang Z, Li J, Wang Y, Sun Y, Dou D, Liang X, Wu J, Wang L, Xu Y, Liu D. Inactivation of E. coli, S. aureus, and Bacteriophages in Biofilms by Humidified Air Plasma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094856. [PMID: 35563247 PMCID: PMC9100691 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, humidified air dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma was used to inactivate Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), and bacteriophages in biofilms containing DNA, NaCl, carbohydrates, and proteins. The humidified DBD plasma was very effective in the inactivation of microbes in the (≤1.0 μm) biofilms. The number of surviving E. coli, S. aureus, and bacteriophages in the biofilms was strongly dependent on the constituent and thickness of the biofilms and was greatly reduced when the plasma treatment time increased from 5 s to 150 s. Our analysis shows that the UV irradiation was not responsible for the inactivation of microbes in biofilms. The short-lived RONS generated in the humidified air DBD plasma were not directly involved in the inactivation process; however, they recombined or reacted with other species to generate the long-lived RONS. Long-lived RONS diffused into the biofilms to generate very active species, such as ONOOH and OH. This study indicates that the geminated NO2 and OH pair formed due to the homolysis of ONOOH can cause the synergistic oxidation of various organic molecules in the aqueous solution. Proteins in the biofilm were highly resistant to the inactivation of microbes in biofilms, which is presumably due to the existence of the unstable functional groups in the proteins. The unsaturated fatty acids, cysteine-rich proteins, and sulfur–methyl thioether groups in the proteins were easily oxidized by the geminated NO2 and OH pair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinni Liu
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China; (X.L.); (L.W.); (Y.X.)
| | - Zhishang Wang
- School of Electrical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China; (Z.W.); (J.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.S.); (D.D.); (X.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Jiaxin Li
- School of Electrical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China; (Z.W.); (J.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.S.); (D.D.); (X.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Yiming Wang
- School of Electrical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China; (Z.W.); (J.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.S.); (D.D.); (X.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Yuan Sun
- School of Electrical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China; (Z.W.); (J.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.S.); (D.D.); (X.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Di Dou
- School of Electrical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China; (Z.W.); (J.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.S.); (D.D.); (X.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Xinlei Liang
- School of Electrical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China; (Z.W.); (J.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.S.); (D.D.); (X.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Jiang Wu
- School of Electrical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China; (Z.W.); (J.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.S.); (D.D.); (X.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Lili Wang
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China; (X.L.); (L.W.); (Y.X.)
| | - Yongping Xu
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China; (X.L.); (L.W.); (Y.X.)
| | - Dongping Liu
- School of Electrical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China; (Z.W.); (J.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.S.); (D.D.); (X.L.); (J.W.)
- Correspondence:
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