Application of a Modified Porphyrin in a Polymer Electrolyte with Superior Properties for All-Solid-State Lithium Batteries

Construction of Metal-Organic Framework as a Novel Platform for Ratiometric Determination of Cyanide

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are frequently utilized as sensing materials. Unfortunately, the low conductivity of MOFs hinder their further application in electrochemical determination. To overcome this limitation, a novel modification strategy for MOFs was proposed, establishing an electrochemical determination method for cyanides in Baijiu. Co and Ni were synergistically used as the metal active centers, with meso-Tetra(4-carboxyphenyl)porphine (TCPP) and Ferrocenecarboxylic acid (Fc-COOH) serving as the main ligands, synthesizing Ni/Co-MOF-TCPP-Fc through a hydrothermal method. The prepared MOF exhibited improved conductivity and stable ratio signals, enabling rapid and sensitive determination of cyanides. The screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCE) were suitable for in situ and real-time determination of cyanide by electrochemical sensors due to their portability, low cost, and ease of mass production. A logarithmic linear response in the range of 0.196~44 ng/mL was demonstrated by this method, and the limit of detection (LOD) was 0.052 ng/mL. Compared with other methods, the sensor was constructed by a one-step synthesis method, which greatly simplifies the analysis process, and the determination time required was only 4 min. During natural cyanide determinations, recommended readouts match well with GC-MS with less than 5.9% relative error. Moreover, this electrochemical sensor presented a promising method for assessing the safety of cyanides in Baijiu.

Advances and prospects of porphyrin derivatives in the energy field

At present, porphyrin is developing rapidly in the fields of medicine, energy, catalysts, etc. More and more reports on its application are being published. This paper mainly takes the ingenious utilization of porphyrin derivatives in perovskite solar cells, dye-sensitized solar cells, and lithium batteries as the background to review the design idea of functional materials based on the porphyrin structural unit in the energy sector. In addition, the modification and improvement strategies of porphyrin are presented by visually showing the molecular structures or the design synthesis routes of its functional materials. Finally, we provide some insights into the development of novel energy storage materials based on porphyrin frameworks.

A Highly Salt-Soluble Ketone-Based All-Solid-State Polymer Electrolyte with Superior Performances for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) have great potential to be used in high-safety lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, it is still a significant challenge for SPEs to develop high ionic conductivity, high mechanical strength, and good interior interfacial compatibility. In this work, a ketone-based all-solid-state electrolyte (PAD) resulting from allyl acetoacetate (AAA), diacetone acrylamide (DAAM), and poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) was prepared by UV-inducing photopolymerization. The abundant ketone groups endow the prepared PAD all-solid-state electrolyte with strong dissociation of lithium salts and weak coordination interactions between ketone groups and Li⁺. Depending on the unique properties of the ketone groups in the electrolyte system, the prepared polymer electrolytes show a high lithium-ion transference number of 0.87 and a wide electrochemical window of 4.95 V. Furthermore, the PAD electrolyte also exhibits superior viscoelasticity, which is beneficial for good contact with electrodes. As a result, the assembled LFP/PAD/Li cells with PAD electrolytes show good cycle performance and rate performance. Concretely, the all-solid-state symmetric lithium cells with the PAD electrolyte can achieve stable lithium plating and stripping at 0.05 mA cm^-2 for over 1000 h at 60 °C. This work highlights the advantages of ketone-based electrolyte as a polymer electrolyte and provides a design method for advanced polymer electrolytes applied in high-performance solid lithium batteries.

Recent Advances in Porous Polymers for Solid-State Rechargeable Lithium Batteries

The application of rechargeable lithium batteries involves all aspects of our daily life, such as new energy vehicles, computers, watches and other electronic mobile devices, so it is becoming more and more important in contemporary society. However, commercial liquid rechargeable lithium batteries have safety hazards such as leakage or explosion, all-solid-state lithium rechargeable lithium batteries will become the best alternatives. But the biggest challenge we face at present is the large solid-solid interface contact resistance between the solid electrolyte and the electrode as well as the low ionic conductivity of the solid electrolyte. Due to the large relative molecular mass, polymers usually exhibit solid or gel state with good mechanical strength. The intermolecules are connected by covalent bonds, so that the chemical and physical stability, corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance and fire resistance are good. Many researchers have found that polymers play an important role in improving the performance of all-solid-state lithium rechargeable batteries. This review mainly describes the application of polymers in the fields of electrodes, electrolytes, electrolyte-electrode contact interfaces, and electrode binders in all-solid-state lithium rechargeable batteries, and how to improve battery performance. This review mainly introduces the recent applications of polymers in solid-state lithium battery electrodes, electrolytes, electrode binders, etc., and describes the performance of emerging porous polymer materials and materials based on traditional polymers in solid-state lithium batteries. The comparative analysis shows the application advantages and disadvantages of the emerging porous polymer materials in this field which provides valuable reference information for further development.