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Chen Y, Sun Y, Li Y, Wen Z, Peng X, He Y, Hou Y, Fan J, Zang G, Zhang Y. A wearable non-enzymatic sensor for continuous monitoring of glucose in human sweat. Talanta 2024; 278:126499. [PMID: 38968652 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
To enhance personalized diabetes management, there is a critical need for non-invasive wearable electrochemical sensors made from flexible materials to enable continuous monitoring of sweat glucose levels. The main challenge lies in developing glucose sensors with superior electrochemical characteristics and high adaptability. Herein, we present a wearable sensor for non-enzymatic electrochemical glucose analysis. The sensor was synthesized using hydrothermal and one-pot preparation methods, incorporating gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) functionalized onto aminated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (AMWCNTs) as an efficient catalyst, and crosslinked with carboxylated styrene butadiene rubber (XSBR) and PEDOT:PSS. The sensors were then integrated onto screen-printed electrodes (SPEs) to create flexible glucose sensors (XSBR-PEDOT:PSS-AMWCNTs/AuNPs/SPE). Operating under neutral conditions, the sensor exhibits a linear range of 50 μmol/L to 600 μmol/L, with a limit of detection limit of 3.2 μmol/L (S/N = 3), enabling the detection of minute glucose concentrations. The flexible glucose sensor maintains functionality after 500 repetitions of bending at a 180° angle, without significant degradation in performance. Furthermore, the sensor exhibits exceptional stability, repeatability, and resistance to interference. Importantly, we successfully monitored changes in sweat glucose levels by applying screen-printed electrodes to human skin, with results consistent with normal physiological blood glucose fluctuations. This study details the fabrication of a wearable sensor characterized by ease of manufacture, remarkable flexibility, high sensitivity, and adaptability for non-invasive blood glucose monitoring through non-enzymatic electrochemical analysis. Thus, this streamlined fabrication process presents a novel approach for non-invasive, real-time blood glucose level monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhua Chen
- Institute of Life Science, and Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Laboratory Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yanghan Sun
- Institute of Life Science, and Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Laboratory Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yi Li
- Institute of Life Science, and Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Laboratory Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Zhuo Wen
- Institute of Life Science, and Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Laboratory Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xinyu Peng
- Institute of Life Science, and Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Laboratory Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yuanke He
- Institute of Life Science, and Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Laboratory Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yuanfang Hou
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing, 401331, China.
| | - Jingchuan Fan
- Institute of Life Science, and Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Laboratory Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| | - Guangchao Zang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Institute of Life Science, and Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Laboratory Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| | - Yuchan Zhang
- Institute of Life Science, and Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Laboratory Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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Wu T, Ren S, Akram W, Li T, Zhu X, Li X, Niu L, Fan H, Sun Z, Fang J. High-Performance Wearable Joule Heater Derived from Sea-Island Microfiber Nonwoven Fabric. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:51565-51574. [PMID: 39276071 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c13386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/16/2024]
Abstract
A three-dimensional (3D) hierarchical microfiber bundle-based scaffold integrated with silver nanowires (AgNWs) and porous polyurethane (PU) was designed for the Joule heater via a facile dip-coating method. The interconnected micrometer-sized voids and unique hierarchical structure benefit uniform AgNWs anchored and the formation of a high-efficiency 3D conductive network. As expected, this composite exhibits a superior electrical conductivity of 1586.4 S/m and the best electrothermal conversion performance of 118.6 °C at 2.0 V compared to reported wearable Joule heaters to date. Moreover, the durable microfiber bundle-PU network provides strong mechanical properties, allowing for the stable and durable electrothermal performance of such a composite to resist twisting, bending, abrasion, and washing. Application studies show that this kind of Joule heater is suitable for a wide range of applications, such as seat heating, a heating jacket, personal thermal management, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Wu
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Song Ren
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Wasim Akram
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingshan Li
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyu Zhu
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinran Li
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Niu
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Haojun Fan
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe Sun
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Fang
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People's Republic of China
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Zheng G, Jiang Z, Cui Y, Zhou M, Yu Y, Wang P, Wang Q. Photothermal, superhydrophobic, conductive, and anti-UV cotton fabric loaded with polydimethylsiloxane-encapsulated copper sulfide nanoflowers. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 265:130650. [PMID: 38462099 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Multifunctional textiles have attracted widespread attention with the improvement of awareness of health. Especially, the fluorine-free superhydrophobic and conductive cellulose fiber-based fabrics have received intensive interest due to their broad and high-value applications. Herein, the copper sulfide nanoflowers were in-situ deposited on cotton fabric followed by polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) treatment for encapsulating CuS nanoflowers and obtaining superhydrophobicity, recorded as Cot@PTA@CuS@PDMS. Cot@PTA@CuS@PDMS possesses superhydrophobicity with contact angles of 153.0 ± 0.4°, photothermal effect, excellent UV resistance, good conductivity, and anti-fouling. Interestingly, the resistance of Cot@PTA@CuS@PDMS is significantly reduced from 856.4 to 393.1 Ω under simulated sunlight irradiation with 250 mW/cm2. Notably, the resistance can be slightly recovered after shutting off simulated sunlight. Besides, Cot@PTA@CuS@PDMS has efficient oil-water separation efficiency for corn germ oil and castor oil, respectively. Briefly, this work provides a novel, facile, and promising strategy to fabricate multifunctional fiber-based textiles with the reversible change of resistance under simulated sunlight irradiation, inspiring more scholars to control the resistance change of textiles by light irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guolin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Textiles, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Zhe Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Textiles, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Yifan Cui
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Textiles, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Man Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Textiles, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Textiles, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Ping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Textiles, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Textiles, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China.
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Teo MY, Lim K, Aw KC, Kee S, Stringer J. Towards biodegradable conducting polymers by incorporating seaweed cellulose for decomposable wearable heaters. RSC Adv 2023; 13:26267-26274. [PMID: 37670998 PMCID: PMC10475983 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra04927b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Thermotherapy shows significant potential for pain relief and enhanced blood circulation in wildlife rehabilitation, particularly for injured animals. However, the widespread adoption of this technology is hindered by the lack of biodegradable, wearable heating pads and concerns surrounding electronic waste (E-waste) in natural habitats. This study addresses this challenge by investigating an environmentally-friendly composite comprising poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS), seaweed cellulose, and glycerol. Notably, this composite exhibits remarkable biodegradability, losing half of its weight within one week and displaying noticeable edge degradation by the third week when placed in soil. Moreover, it demonstrates impressive heating performance, reaching a temperature of 51 °C at a low voltage of 1.5 V, highlighting its strong potential for thermotherapy applications. The combination of substantial biodegradability and efficient heating performance offers a promising solution for sustainable electronic applications in wildlife rehabilitation and forest monitoring, effectively addressing the environmental challenges associated with E-waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Ying Teo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Auckland Symonds Street Auckland 1010 New Zealand
| | - Keemi Lim
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, The University of Auckland Symonds Street Auckland 1010 New Zealand
| | - Kean C Aw
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Auckland Symonds Street Auckland 1010 New Zealand
| | - Seyoung Kee
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Pukyong National University Busan 48513 Republic of Korea
| | - Jonathan Stringer
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Auckland Symonds Street Auckland 1010 New Zealand
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Fujisaki H, Matsumoto A, Miyahara Y, Goda T. Sialic acid biosensing by post-printing modification of PEDOT:PSS with pyridylboronic acid. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2022; 23:525-534. [PMID: 36147749 PMCID: PMC9487965 DOI: 10.1080/14686996.2022.2122867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS)-based conducting polymer, which has biorecognition capabilities, has promising biosensing applications. Previously, we developed a facile method for post-printing chemical modification of PEDOT:PSS thin films from commercial sources. Molecular recognition elements were directly introduced into the PSS side chain by a two-step chemical reaction: introduction of an ethylenediamine linker via an acid chloride reaction of the sulfonate moiety, and subsequent receptor attachment to the linker via amine coupling. In this study, the same method was used to introduce 6-carboxypyridine-3-boronic acid (carboxy-PyBA) into the linker for specifically detecting N-acetylneuraminic acid (sialic acid, SA), as a cancer biomarker. The surface-modified PEDOT:PSS films were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and static water contact angle and conductivity measurements. The specific interaction between PyBA and SA was detected by label-free reagent-free potentiometry. The SA-specific negative potential responses of modified PEDOT:PSS electrodes, which was ascribed to an SA carboxyl anion, were observed in a physiologically relevant SA range (1.6-2.9 mM) at pH 5, in a concentration-dependent manner even in the presence of 10% fetal bovine serum. The sensitivity was -2.9 mV/mM in 1-5 mM SA with a limit of detection of 0.7 mM. The sensing performances were almost equivalent to those of existing graphene-based electrical SA sensors. These results show that our chemical derivatization method for printing PEDOT:PSS thin films will have applications in SA clinical diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Fujisaki
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Matsumoto
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Materials Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Research and Development, Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology (KISTEC), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuji Miyahara
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Goda
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Toyo University, Saitama, Japan
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Electromagnetic Shielding Effectiveness of Woven Fabric with Integrated Conductive Threads after Washing with Liquid and Powder Detergents. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14122445. [PMID: 35746018 PMCID: PMC9227438 DOI: 10.3390/polym14122445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The paper investigates the shielding effectiveness of a newly developed cotton and polyester fabric into which conductive stainless-steel threads were incorporated in the warp and weft directions at frequencies 0.9 GHz, 1.8 GHz, 2.1 GHz, and 2.4 GHz. As resistance to external influences and degradation is an additional critical factor for protective textiles, the newly developed protective fabric was exposed to cumulative wash cycles with liquid and powder detergents, which were targeted to preserve the shielding effectiveness (SE). In addition to the SE shielding effectiveness, the influence of 10 washing cycles on the change in thickness as a structural parameter was analyzed. Micro-images of fabric surfaces before and after the first, third, fifth, seventh, and tenth washing cycles were also observed. The obtained results showed that powder and liquid detergents were well formulated to preserve the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness (EMSE) at higher frequencies. However, their impact on the appearance of the surface was not fully consistent with the shielding effectiveness.
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