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Zhang S, Zhou H, Zhang L, Zhu C, Du X, Wang L, Chen H, Liu J. Lysophosphatidic acid responsive photosensitive supramolecular organic frameworks for tumor imaging, drug loading, and photodynamic therapy. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 310:123923. [PMID: 38277782 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.123923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Supramolecular organic frameworks have been widely applied for biological detection and drug delivery. In this study, a supramolecular organic framework (SOF) is constructed through the self-assembly of a highly photosensitive triarylphosphine oxide guest molecule, OTPP-6-Methyl, with cucurbit [8] uril (CB [8]). The formation of the SOF gradually enhances the weak fluorescence of OTPP-6-Methyl owing to the restriction of the molecular folding motion. Although the high positive charge of OTPP-6-Methyl facilitates binding to various negatively charged substances, the SOF system only demonstrated an obvious fluorescence response to LPA, a biomarker of ovarian cancer, via the disassembly of SOF and subsequent binding of OTPP-6-Methyl with LPA. The fluorescence changes during the entire process are insufficient to allow the sensitive detection of LPA; thus, we further designed a FRET system by introducing Cy5, which can act as an energy receptor to achieve a ratiometric readout for LPA. The tumor-targeting cRGD group was introduced into the SOF system as part of another guest molecule, OTPP-5-M-1-cRGD, to improve the tumor-targeting ability of the SOF system. The SOF system further improves the photosensitivity of guest molecules, and is therefore used in the in vivo imaging of ovarian cancer subcutaneous tumors and as a DDS for loading DOX for the combined in vivo chemotherapy and photodynamic treatment of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilu Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Thyriod and Breast Surgery, Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Sichuan 637100, China
| | - Huang Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Thyriod and Breast Surgery, Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Sichuan 637100, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Thyriod and Breast Surgery, Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Sichuan 637100, China
| | - Caiqiong Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Thyriod and Breast Surgery, Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Sichuan 637100, China
| | - Xinyi Du
- School of Pharmacy, Thyriod and Breast Surgery, Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Sichuan 637100, China
| | - Linjing Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Thyriod and Breast Surgery, Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Sichuan 637100, China
| | - Hongyu Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Thyriod and Breast Surgery, Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Sichuan 637100, China.
| | - Jun Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Thyriod and Breast Surgery, Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Sichuan 637100, China.
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2
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Nie X, Yan S, He J, Wang Y, Deng G, Zhang S, Chen H, Liu J. CB[8]- and triarylboron-based supramolecular organic framework for microRNA detection, tumor-targeted drug delivery, and photodynamic therapy. Analyst 2024; 149:1055-1060. [PMID: 38252028 DOI: 10.1039/d4an00005f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Supramolecular organic frameworks (SOFs) are widely used for biological detection and drug delivery. In this study, a SOF system was fabricated through the self-assembly of photosensitive triarylboron (TAB), TAB-6-methyl, and CB[8]. The maximum fluorescence emission of TAB-6-methyl was greatly enhanced and red-shifted from 560 nm to 610 nm after SOF formation. The SOF can specifically respond to a microRNA by dissembling and then combining with microRNA, which is accompanied by a fluorescence shift from 610 nm to 560 nm, thus providing a ratiometric readout for microRNA detection. The photosensitivity of TAB-6-methyl can be further improved by forming a SOF, which can be used in photodynamic therapy. By constructing another guest molecule, TAB-5-1-cRGD, we successfully embedded cRGD in the SOF system to improve its tumor-targeting ability. Moreover, we used this SOF system as a fluorescence imaging probe for targeted tumor imaging and as a drug carrier system for loading DOX to achieve combined photodynamic and chemotherapy treatment of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xufeng Nie
- School of Pharmacy, Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Sichuan 637100, China.
| | - Sijie Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Sichuan 637100, China.
| | - Jian He
- School of Pharmacy, Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Sichuan 637100, China.
| | - Yachuan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Sichuan 637100, China.
| | - Guowei Deng
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Structural Optimization and Application of Functional Molecules, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Shilu Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Sichuan 637100, China.
| | - Hongyu Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Sichuan 637100, China.
| | - Jun Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Sichuan 637100, China.
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Dai XY, Song Q, Zhou WL, Liu Y. Cucurbit[8]uril Confinement-Based Secondary Coassembly for High-Efficiency Phosphorescence Energy Transfer Behavior. JACS AU 2024; 4:216-227. [PMID: 38274263 PMCID: PMC10806769 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Aqueous supramolecular long-lived near-infrared (NIR) material is highly attractive but still remains great challenge. Herein, we report cucurbit[8]uril confinement-based secondary coassembly for achieving NIR phosphorescence energy transfer in water, which is fabricated from dicationic dodecyl-chain-bridged 4-(4-bromophenyl)-pyridine derivative (G), cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]), and polyelectrolyte poly(4-styrene-sulfonic sodium) (PSS) via the hierarchical confinement strategy. As compared to the dumbbell-shaped G, the formation of unprecedented linear polypseudorotaxane G⊂CB[8] with nanofiber morphology engenders an emerging phosphorescent emission at 510 nm due to the macrocyclic confinement effect. Moreover, benefiting from the following secondary assembly confinement, such tight polypseudorotaxane G⊂CB[8] can further assemble with anionic polyelectrolyte PSS to yield uniform spherical nanoparticle, thereby significantly strengthening phosphorescence performance with an extended lifetime (i.e., 2.39 ms, c.f., 45.0 μs). Subsequently, the organic dye Rhodamine 800 serving as energy acceptor can be slightly doped into the polyelectrolyte assembly, which enables the occurrence of efficient phosphorescence energy transfer process with efficiency up to 80.1% at a high donor/acceptor ratio, and concurrently endows the final system with red-shifted and long-lived NIR emission (710 nm). Ultimately, the as-prepared assembly is successfully exploited as versatile imaging agent for NIR window labeling and detecting in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Yin Dai
- School
of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical
Sciences, Taian, Shandong 271016, P. R. China
| | - Qi Song
- School
of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical
Sciences, Taian, Shandong 271016, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Lei Zhou
- College
of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Yu Liu
- College
of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
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4
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Liu X, Yu S, Zhang Y. pH-Sensitive and Lysosome Targetable Photosensitizers Based on BODIPYs. J Fluoresc 2024:10.1007/s10895-023-03562-z. [PMID: 38170426 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-023-03562-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an effective and U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved treatment for cancer and other diseases. Photosensitizer is one of the three key components that harvest the energy of light at a certain wavelength. Compared to the conventional fluorophores used as photosensitizers, boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) derivatives have grown fast in recent years due to their low dark toxicity, versatile tunable sites, and easiness of being paired with other treatments. In this paper, two pH-sensitive BODIPY-based photosensitizers (BDC and BDBrC) were synthesized by adding carbazole moieties onto the BODIPY cores (BD and BDBr) through condensation reactions. BDBrC has two Br atoms at the BODIPY core that promote singlet oxygen generation and further red-shift the absorption maximum peak. Both compounds showed sensitivity toward pH change and generated more singlet oxygen under acidic conditions. The cellular uptake and cell imaging experiments showed that BDBrC can selectively target the lysosome organelle. The further dark cell viability and light cytotoxicity indicate the light triggered PDT treatment can be accomplished with BDBrC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangshan Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, College of Science and Liberal Arts, New Jersey Institute of Technology, 323 Martin Luther King Jr. Blvd, University Heights, Newark, NJ, 07102, USA
| | - Shupei Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, College of Science and Liberal Arts, New Jersey Institute of Technology, 323 Martin Luther King Jr. Blvd, University Heights, Newark, NJ, 07102, USA
| | - Yuanwei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, College of Science and Liberal Arts, New Jersey Institute of Technology, 323 Martin Luther King Jr. Blvd, University Heights, Newark, NJ, 07102, USA.
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5
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Yu J, Niu J, Yue J, Wang LH, Liu Y. Aromatic Bridged Bis(triphenylamine) Cascade Assembly Achieved Tunable Nanosupramolecular Morphology and NIR Targeted Cell Imaging. ACS NANO 2023; 17:19349-19358. [PMID: 37782105 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c06697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Possessing four cationic pyridium groups, phenyl-bridged bis(triphenylamine) derivatives (G1, G2) were encapsulated by cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]) at a 1:2 stoichiometry to form the network-like organic two-dimensional nanosheet, which could efficiently enhance the near-infrared (NIR) luminescence and companies with a red-shift from 750 to 810 nm for G1. Benefiting from the supramolecular multivalent interaction, α-cyclodextrin modified hyaluronic acid (HACD) and G1/CB[8] formed nanoparticles to further enhance NIR luminescence behaviors. Compared with the short rigid aromatic bridged bis(triphenylamine) derivative (G2), the supramolecular assembly derived from G1 with long flexible cationic arms gives a larger Stokes shift, which further coassembles with the phosphorescent bromophenylpyridinium derivative/CB[8] pseudorotaxane, leading to efficient phosphorescent resonance energy transfer (PRET). Especially, the nanoparticle showed delayed NIR fluorescence under 308 nm light excitation with an ultralarge Stokes shift up to 502 nm, which was successfully applied in targeted NIR cell imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yu
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jie Niu
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jinlong Yue
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Li-Hua Wang
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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6
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Chen Z, Qin H, Yin Y, Deng DD, Qin SY, Li N, Wang K, Sun Y. Full-Color Emissive D-D-A Carbazole Luminophores: Red-to-NIR Mechano-fluorochromism, Aggregation-Induced Near-Infrared Emission, and Application in Photodynamic Therapy. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203797. [PMID: 36545826 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The preparation of multifunctionalized luminophores with full-color emission based on an identical core skeleton is a significative but challenging research topic. In this work, eight donor-donor-acceptor (D-D-A)-type luminogens based on a central carbazole core bearing a C6 hydrocarbon chain were designed by using different kinds of donor and acceptor units on the left and right, and synthesized in good yields. These D-D-A carbazole derivatives display deep-blue, sky-blue, cyan, green, yellow-green, yellow, orange and red fluorescence in the solid state, achieving full-color emission covering the whole visible light range under UV light illumination. Notably, the dicyano-functionalized triphenylamine-containing carbazole derivative exhibits rare aggregation-induced near-infrared emission and red-to-near-infrared mechano-fluorochromism with high contrast beyond 100 nm. Furthermore, the red-emissive luminogen can serve as a potential candidate for cell imaging and photodynamic therapy (PDT). This work not only provides reference for the construction of full-color emissive systems but also opens a new avenue to the preparation of multifunctionalized luminophores capable of simultaneous application in near-Infrared mechanical-force sensors and PDT fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Chen
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, 330013, P. R. China
| | - Huan Qin
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science, College of Chemistry and Material Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Ya Yin
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science, College of Chemistry and Material Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Dian-Dian Deng
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, 330013, P. R. China
| | - Si-Yong Qin
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science, College of Chemistry and Material Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Nan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Kai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Yue Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane and Membrane Process, School of Chemistry, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, P. R. China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science, College of Chemistry and Material Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
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7
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Yu J, Wang H, Dai XY, Niu J, Liu Y. Polymerization boosting cascade energy transfer based on opened glucopyranosyl β-cyclodextrin. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:1457-1460. [PMID: 36644902 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc06908c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
An injectable polysaccharide supramolecular hydrogel was successfully fabricated from opened D-glucopyranosyl β-cyclodextrin with four aldehyde groups (ACD) cross-linked with biomacromolecule chitosan (CS), which was not only beneficial to the clustering-triggered emission of CS with high quantum yield (32.25%), but also could co-assemble with a first stage acceptor triphenylamine derivative (TPA) and encapsulate Cyanine 5 (Cy5) or Nile blue (NiB) achieving supramolecular cascade energy transfer from the cross-linked polymer to the dyes, leading to fluorescence emission at 673 nm or 680 nm, and could be further applied in cell imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yu
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China.
| | - Hui Wang
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China.
| | - Xian-Yin Dai
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China.
| | - Jie Niu
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China.
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China. .,Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300192, China
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8
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Liu Z, Lin W, Liu Y. Macrocyclic Supramolecular Assemblies Based on Hyaluronic Acid and Their Biological Applications. Acc Chem Res 2022; 55:3417-3429. [PMID: 36380600 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.2c00462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA), which contains multiple carboxyl, hydroxyl, and acetylamino groups and is an agent that targets tumors, has drawn great attention in supramolecular diagnosis and treatment research. It can not only assemble directly with macrocyclic host-guest complexes through hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions but also can be modified with macrocyclic compounds or functional guest molecules by an amidation reaction and used for further assembly. Macrocycles play a main role in the construction of supramolecular drug carriers, targeted imaging agents, and hydrogels, such as cyclodextrins and cucurbit[n]urils, which can encapsulate photosensitizers, drugs, or other functional guest molecules via host-guest interactions. Therefore, the formed supramolecular assemblies can respond to various stimuli, such as enzymes, light, electricity, and magnetism for controlled drug delivery, enhance the luminescence intensity of the assembly, and improve drug loading capacity. In addition, the nanosupramolecular assembly formed with HA can also improve the biocompatibility of drugs, reduce drug toxicity and side effects, and enhance cell permeability; thus, the assembly has extensive application value in biomedical research. This Account mainly focuses on macrocyclic supramolecular assemblies based on HA, especially their biological applications and progress in the field, and these assemblies include (i) guest-modified HA, such as pyridinium-, adamantane-, peptide-, and other functional-group-modified HA, along with their cyclodextrin and cucurbit[n]uril assemblies; (ii) macrocycle-modified HA, such as HA modified with cyclodextrins and cucurbit[n]uril derivatives and their assembly with various guests; (iii) direct assembly between unmodified HA and cyclodextrin- or cucurbit[n]uril-based host-guest complexes. Particularly, we discussed the important role of macrocyclic host-guest complexes in HA-based supramolecular assembly, and the roles included improving the water solubility and efficacy of hydrophobic drugs, enhancing the luminescent intensity of assemblies, inducing room temperature phosphorescence and providing energy transfer systems, constructing multi-stimulus-responsive supramolecular assemblies, and in situ formation of hydrogels. Additionally, we believe that obtaining in-depth knowledge of these HA-based macrocyclic supramolecular assemblies and their biological applications encompasses many challenges regarding drug carriers, targeted imaging agents, wound healing, and biomedical soft materials and would certainly contribute to the rapid development of supramolecular diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixue Liu
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Wenjing Lin
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China.,Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300192, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300000, China
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9
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Zhou H, Meng Q, Li B, Liu Y, Li Z, Li X, Sun Z, Chen Y. Supramolecular Combination Chemotherapy: Cucurbit[8]uril Complex Enhanced Platinum Drug Infiltration and Modified Nanomechanical Property of Colorectal Cancer Cells. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:14326-14334. [PMID: 36355865 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c02388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Combination chemotherapy is recognized as a vital medical treatment for cancer, but it has not achieved clinical ideal effects of combination therapy. Herein, we designed a supramolecular combination chemotherapy strategy based on cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]), which can be facilely assembled into dual platinum drugs. Interestingly, employing the CB[8] carrier led to a greater than 10-fold intracellular Pt content compared to that of dual drugs at 4 h, and the CB[8] complex (CLE) can enhance the infiltration of platinum drugs in colorectal tumor cells tremendously. The platinum drugs can be released from CLE through consuming more tumor biomarker spermidine. Through analyzing the nanomechanical property of the colorectal tumor cellular surface by bioscope AFM, it was revealed that CLE modified the property by decreasing the adhesion and increasing the stiffness. This study provided a facile and sensitive strategy for improving combination chemotherapy by supramolecular materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Zhou
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, and Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
| | - Qingtao Meng
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, and Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, and Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
| | - Yikai Liu
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, and Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
| | - Zhaoxiang Li
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, and Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
| | - Xiaobo Li
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, and Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, and Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
| | - Yueyue Chen
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, and Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
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10
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Nie H, Wei Z, Ni XL, Liu Y. Assembly and Applications of Macrocyclic-Confinement-Derived Supramolecular Organic Luminescent Emissions from Cucurbiturils. Chem Rev 2022; 122:9032-9077. [PMID: 35312308 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c01050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cucurbit[n]urils (Q[n]s or CB[n]s), as a classical of artificial organic macrocyclic hosts, were found to have excellent advantages in the fabricating of tunable and smart organic luminescent materials in aqueous media and the solid state with high emitting efficiency under the rigid pumpkin-shaped structure-derived macrocyclic-confinement effect in recent years. This review aims to give a systematically up-to-date overview of the Q[n]-based supramolecular organic luminescent emissions from the confined spaces triggered host-guest complexes, including the assembly fashions and the mechanisms of the macrocycle-based luminescent complexes, as well as their applications. Finally, challenges and outlook are provided. Since this class of Q[n]-based supramolecular organic luminescent emissions, which have essentially derived from the cavity-dependent confinement effect and the resulting assembly fashions, emerged only a few years ago, we hope this review will provide valuable information for the further development of macrocycle-based light-emitting materials and other related research fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haigen Nie
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine (Ministry of Educational of China), Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China
| | - Zhen Wei
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xin-Long Ni
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine (Ministry of Educational of China), Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China.,Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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