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Jia Q, Wang Q, Meng L, Zhao Y, Xu J, Sun M, Li Z, Li H, Chen H, Zhang Y. Preparation of Few-Layered MoS 2 by One-Pot Hydrothermal Method for High Supercapacitor Performance. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:968. [PMID: 38869593 PMCID: PMC11173613 DOI: 10.3390/nano14110968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), a typical layered material, has important applications in various fields, such as optoelectronics, catalysis, electronic devices, sensors, and supercapacitors. Extensive research has been carried out on few-layered MoS2 in the field of electrochemistry due to its large specific surface area, abundant active sites and short electron transport path. However, the preparation of few-layered MoS2 is a significant challenge. This work presents a simple one-pot hydrothermal method for synthesizing few-layered MoS2. Furthermore, it investigates the exfoliation effect of different amounts of sodium borohydride (NaBH4) as a stripping agent on the layer number of MoS2. Na+ ions, as alkali metal ions, can intercalate between layers to achieve the purpose of exfoliating MoS2. Additionally, NaBH4 exhibits reducibility, which can effectively promote the formation of the metallic phase of MoS2. Few-layered MoS2, as an electrode for supercapacitor, possesses a wide potential window of 0.9 V, and a high specific capacitance of 150 F g-1 at 1 A g-1. This work provides a facile method to prepare few-layered two-dimensional materials for high electrochemical performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingling Jia
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pollutant Sensitive Materials and Environmental Remediation, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Applications, Anhui Province Industrial Generic Technology Research Center for Alumics Materials, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei 235000, China (Y.Z.)
| | - Qi Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pollutant Sensitive Materials and Environmental Remediation, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Applications, Anhui Province Industrial Generic Technology Research Center for Alumics Materials, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei 235000, China (Y.Z.)
| | - Lingshuai Meng
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pollutant Sensitive Materials and Environmental Remediation, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Applications, Anhui Province Industrial Generic Technology Research Center for Alumics Materials, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei 235000, China (Y.Z.)
| | - Yujie Zhao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pollutant Sensitive Materials and Environmental Remediation, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Applications, Anhui Province Industrial Generic Technology Research Center for Alumics Materials, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei 235000, China (Y.Z.)
| | - Jing Xu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pollutant Sensitive Materials and Environmental Remediation, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Applications, Anhui Province Industrial Generic Technology Research Center for Alumics Materials, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei 235000, China (Y.Z.)
| | - Meng Sun
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pollutant Sensitive Materials and Environmental Remediation, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Applications, Anhui Province Industrial Generic Technology Research Center for Alumics Materials, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei 235000, China (Y.Z.)
| | - Zijian Li
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pollutant Sensitive Materials and Environmental Remediation, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Applications, Anhui Province Industrial Generic Technology Research Center for Alumics Materials, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei 235000, China (Y.Z.)
| | - Han Li
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pollutant Sensitive Materials and Environmental Remediation, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Applications, Anhui Province Industrial Generic Technology Research Center for Alumics Materials, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei 235000, China (Y.Z.)
| | - Huiyu Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
| | - Yongxing Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pollutant Sensitive Materials and Environmental Remediation, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Applications, Anhui Province Industrial Generic Technology Research Center for Alumics Materials, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei 235000, China (Y.Z.)
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Das D, Prakash J, Bandyopadhyay A, Balhara A, Goutam UK, Acharya R, Gupta SK, Sudarshan K. Modulating the effective ionic radii of trivalent dopants in ceria using a combination of dopants to improve catalytic efficiency for the oxygen evolution reaction. RSC Adv 2024; 14:17801-17813. [PMID: 38832250 PMCID: PMC11145625 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra03360d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Aliovalent doping in ceria and defect engineering are important aspects in tuning the properties of ceria for advanced technological applications, especially in the emerging field of electrocatalytic water-splitting for harvesting renewable energy. However, the ambiguity regarding the choice of dopants/co-dopants and ways to deal with the size difference between dopants and lattice hosts remains a long-standing problem. In this study, ceria was aliovalently codoped with Sc3+ and La3+ while keeping the total concentration of dopants constant; the ionic radius of the former is smaller and that of the latter is larger than Ce4+. Variations in the relative amounts of these dopants helped to modulate the effective ionic radii and match that of the host. A systematic study on the role of these aliovalent dopants in defect evolution in ceria and in modulating the Ce3+ fraction using powder XRD, Rietveld refinement, positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Eu3+ photoluminescence, and Raman spectroscopy is presented here. The evolved defects and their dependence on subtle factors other than charge compensation are further correlated with their electrocatalytic activity towards oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in alkaline medium. The catalyst with an optimum defect density, maximum Ce3+ fraction at the surface and the least effective ionic radius difference between the dopants and the host demonstrated the best performance towards the OER. This study demonstrates how effective ionic radius modulation in defect-engineered ceria through a judicious choice of codopants can enhance the catalytic property of ceria and provides immensely helpful information for designing ceria-based heterogeneous catalysts with desired functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debarati Das
- Radiochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Mumbai-400085 India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute Anushaktinagar Mumbai - 400094 India
| | - Jyoti Prakash
- Homi Bhabha National Institute Anushaktinagar Mumbai - 400094 India
- Materials Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Mumbai-400085 India
| | - Anisha Bandyopadhyay
- Homi Bhabha National Institute Anushaktinagar Mumbai - 400094 India
- Radiation and Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Mumbai-400085 India
| | - Annu Balhara
- Radiochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Mumbai-400085 India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute Anushaktinagar Mumbai - 400094 India
| | - U K Goutam
- Technical Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Mumbai-400085 India
| | - Raghunath Acharya
- Radiochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Mumbai-400085 India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute Anushaktinagar Mumbai - 400094 India
| | - Santosh K Gupta
- Radiochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Mumbai-400085 India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute Anushaktinagar Mumbai - 400094 India
| | - Kathi Sudarshan
- Radiochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Mumbai-400085 India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute Anushaktinagar Mumbai - 400094 India
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Jiang Y, Fu H, Liang Z, Zhang Q, Du Y. Rare earth oxide based electrocatalysts: synthesis, properties and applications. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:714-763. [PMID: 38105711 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00708a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
As an important strategic resource, rare earths (REs) constitute 17 elements in the periodic table, namely 15 lanthanides (Ln) (La-Lu, atomic numbers from 57 to 71), scandium (Sc, atomic number 21) and yttrium (Y, atomic number 39). In the field of catalysis, the localization and incomplete filling of 4f electrons endow REs with unique physical and chemical properties, including rich electronic energy level structures, variable coordination numbers, etc., making them have great potential in electrocatalysis. Among various RE catalytic materials, rare earth oxide (REO)-based electrocatalysts exhibit excellent performances in electrocatalytic reactions due to their simple preparation process and strong structural variability. At the same time, the electronic orbital structure of REs exhibits excellent electron transfer ability, which can reduce the band gap and energy barrier values of rate-determining steps, further accelerating the electron transfer in the electrocatalytic reaction process; however, there is a lack of systematic review of recent advances in REO-based electrocatalysis. This review systematically summarizes the synthesis, properties and applications of REO-based nanocatalysts and discusses their applications in electrocatalysis in detail. It includes the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR), oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2RR), methanol oxidation reaction (MOR), nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) and other electrocatalytic reactions and further discusses the catalytic mechanism of REs in the above reactions. This review provides a timely and comprehensive summary of the current progress in the application of RE-based nanomaterials in electrocatalytic reactions and provides reasonable prospects for future electrocatalytic applications of REO-based materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Jiang
- Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Center for Rare Earth and Inorganic Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering & National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China.
| | - Hao Fu
- Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Center for Rare Earth and Inorganic Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering & National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China.
- College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Zhong Liang
- Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Center for Rare Earth and Inorganic Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering & National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China.
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, China
| | - Yaping Du
- Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Center for Rare Earth and Inorganic Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering & National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China.
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Nie K, Yuan Y, Qu X, Li B, Zhang Y, Yi L, Chen X, Liu Z. Ultrathin heteroatom-doped CeO 2 nanosheet assemblies for durable oxygen evolution: Oxygen vacancy engineering to trigger deprotonation. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 656:168-176. [PMID: 37989050 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.11.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
The manipulation of oxygen vacancies (OVs) in metal oxides has progressively emerged as a versatile strategy for improving their catalytic performance. In this study, we aim to enhance the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance of cerium oxide (CeO2) by doping heteroatoms (Fe, Co, Ni) to generate additional OVs. We systematically analyzed both the morphology and electronic structure of the obtained CeO2 catalysts. The experimental results revealed the self-assembly of two-dimensional (2D) CeO2 nanosheets, with an approximate thickness of ∼1.7 nm, into 2D nanosheet assemblies (NSAs). Moreover, the incorporation of heteroatoms into the CeO2 matrix promoted the formation of OVs, resulting in a significant enhancement of the OER performance of CeO2. Among them, the Co-doped CeO2 NSAs sample displayed the highest activity and durability, with almost negligible activity loss during extended operating periods. The roles of heteroatom doping in improving OER activity were explored by DFT calculations. The produced OVs improve the adsorption of hydroxyl groups (OH-), promote the deprotonation process, and increase more active sites. These findings suggest that doping CeO2 with heteroatoms is a promising strategy for improving electrocatalytic OER activity, with great potential for the development of clean energy technologies, including but not limited to water splitting and fuel cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunkun Nie
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
| | - Yanling Yuan
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
| | - Xiaoyan Qu
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xian Jiaotong University, Xian 710049, China
| | - Binjie Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
| | - Yujia Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
| | - Lixin Yi
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
| | - Xinyan Chen
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
| | - Zhengqing Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China.
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Zhang Y, Nie K, Yi L, Li B, Yuan Y, Liu Z, Huang W. Recent Advances in Engineering of 2D Materials-Based Heterostructures for Electrochemical Energy Conversion. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2302301. [PMID: 37743245 PMCID: PMC10625098 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202302301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
2D materials, such as graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides, black phosphorus, layered double hydroxides, and MXene, have exhibited broad application prospects in electrochemical energy conversion due to their unique structures and electronic properties. Recently, the engineering of heterostructures based on 2D materials, including 2D/0D, 2D/1D, 2D/2D, and 2D/3D, has shown the potential to produce synergistic and heterointerface effects, overcoming the inherent restrictions of 2D materials and thus elevating the electrocatalytic performance to the next level. In this review, recent studies are systematically summarized on heterostructures based on 2D materials for advanced electrochemical energy conversion, including water splitting, CO2 reduction reaction, N2 reduction reaction, etc. Additionally, preparation methods are introduced and novel properties of various types of heterostructures based on 2D materials are discussed. Furthermore, the reaction principles and intrinsic mechanisms behind the excellent performance of these heterostructures are evaluated. Finally, insights are provided into the challenges and perspectives regarding the future engineering of heterostructures based on 2D materials for further advancements in electrochemical energy conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible ElectronicsXi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE)Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an710129China
| | - Kunkun Nie
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible ElectronicsXi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE)Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an710129China
| | - Lixin Yi
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible ElectronicsXi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE)Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an710129China
| | - Binjie Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible ElectronicsXi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE)Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an710129China
| | - Yanling Yuan
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible ElectronicsXi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE)Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an710129China
| | - Zhengqing Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible ElectronicsXi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE)Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an710129China
| | - Wei Huang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible ElectronicsXi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE)Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an710129China
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Li B, Nie K, Zhang Y, Yi L, Yuan Y, Chong S, Liu Z, Huang W. Engineering Single-Layer Hollow Structure of Transition Metal Dichalcogenides with High 1T-Phase Purity for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2303285. [PMID: 37534746 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202303285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Rational design and controllable synthesis of hollow structures based on transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have gained tremendous attention in the field of clean energy. However, the general synthetic strategies to fabricate single-layer hollow structures of TMDs, especially with unconventional phases (e.g., 1T or 1T'), still pose significant challenges. Herein, a scalable method is reported for the synthesis of single-layer hollow spheres (SLHS) of TMDs with high 1T-phase purity by etching bismuth (Bi) cores from pre-synthesized Bi@TMDs core-shell heterostructures including SLHS-1T-MoS2 , SLHS-1T-MoSe2 , SLHS-1T-WS2 , and SLHS-1T-WSe2 . Additionally, the etched Bi ions can be adsorbed on the single-layer TMDs shells in the form of single atoms (SAs) via the Bi─S bond. Due to the benefits of the single-layer hollow structure, high conductivity of 1T phase, and synergistic effect of Bi SAs and TMDs supports, the fabricated SLHS-1T-MoS2 exhibits superior electrocatalytic performance for hydrogen production. This work provides a way to manufacture advanced functional materials based on the single-layer hollow structures of 1T-TMDs and to expand their applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binjie Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, P. R. China
| | - Kunkun Nie
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, P. R. China
| | - Yujia Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, P. R. China
| | - Lixin Yi
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, P. R. China
| | - Yanling Yuan
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, P. R. China
| | - Shaokun Chong
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, P. R. China
| | - Zhengqing Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, P. R. China
| | - Wei Huang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, P. R. China
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Peerakiatkhajohn P, Yun JH, Butburee T, Lyu M, Takoon C, Thaweesak S. Dual functional WO 3/BiVO 4 heterostructures for efficient photoelectrochemical water splitting and glycerol degradation. RSC Adv 2023; 13:18974-18982. [PMID: 37362599 PMCID: PMC10285356 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra02691d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Dual functional heterojunctions of tungsten oxide and bismuth vanadate (WO3/BiVO4) photoanodes are developed and their applications in photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting and mineralization of glycerol are demonstrated. The thin-film WO3/BiVO4 photoelectrode was fabricated by a facile hydrothermal method. The morphology, chemical composition, crystalline structure, chemical state, and optical absorption properties of the WO3/BiVO4 photoelectrodes were characterized systematically. The WO3/BiVO4 photoelectrode exhibits a good distribution of elements and a well-crystalline monoclinic WO3 and monoclinic scheelite BiVO4. The light-absorption spectrum of the WO3/BiVO4 photoelectrodes reveals a broad absorption band in the visible light region with a maximum absorption of around 520 nm. The dual functional WO3/BiVO4 photoelectrodes achieved a high photocurrent density of 6.85 mA cm-2, which is 2.8 times higher than that of the pristine WO3 photoelectrode in the presence of a mixture of 0.5 M Na2SO4 and 0.5 M glycerol electrolyte under AM 1.5 G (100 mW cm-2) illumination. The superior PEC performance of the WO3/BiVO4 photoelectrode was attributed to the synergistic effects of the superior crystal structure, light absorption, and efficient charge separation. Simultaneously, glycerol plays an essential role in increasing the efficiency of hydrogen production by suppressing charge recombination in the water redox reaction. Moreover, the WO3/BiVO4 photoelectrode shows the total organic carbon (TOC) removal efficiency of glycerol at about 82% at 120 min. Notably, the WO3/BiVO4 photoelectrode can be a promising photoelectrode for simultaneous hydrogen production and mineralization of glycerol with a simple, economical, and environmentally friendly approach.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jung-Ho Yun
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Kyung Hee University 1732 Deogyeong-daero, Giheung-gu Yongin-si Gyeonggi-do 17104 Republic of Korea
| | - Teera Butburee
- National Nanotechnology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency 111 Thailand Science Park Pathum Thani 12120 Thailand
| | - Miaoqiang Lyu
- Nanomaterials Centre, School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland St Lucia QLD 4123 Australia
| | - Chawalit Takoon
- Mahidol University Frontier Research Facility (MU-FRF), Mahidol University Nakhon Pathom 73170 Thailand
| | - Supphasin Thaweesak
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Burapha University Chon Buri 20131 Thailand
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