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Wei Q, Liu J, Wu L, Chen F, Ye Y, Zhang S, Zhu Y, Chen Y, You M, Liao Q, Lin M, Chen H. Multiple Electron Transfer in Semiconductive Ternary D-D'-A Metal-Organic Framework for Enhanced X-Ray Detection and Imaging. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2405932. [PMID: 39171771 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202405932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2024] [Revised: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Semiconductive metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with donor-acceptor (D-A) characteristics have garnered attractive attention due to their capacity for separating and transferring photogenerated charges, making them promising candidates for high-performance X-ray detectors. However, the low charge transfer efficiency between the metal nodes and organic ligands limits the X-ray-to-electricity conversion efficiency of these materials. Herein, an additional photoactive donor (D') is introduced by incorporating a heavy atom-containing polyoxometalate (POM) [α-SiW12O40]4- into a binary {[Ni·bcbp·(H2O)2]·(H2O)4·Cl}n (Ni-bcbp, bcbp: H2bcbp·2Cl = 1,1'-bis(4-carboxyphenyl)(4,4'-bipyridinium) dichloride) MOF, resulting in a semiconductive ternary D-D'-A framework {[Ni2(bcbp)2·(H2O)4·(DMA)]·(SiW12O40)}n (SiW@Ni-bcbp, DMA: dimethylacetamide). The obtained material features an unprecedented porous 8-connected bcu-net structure that accommodates nanoscale [α-SiW12O40]4- counterions, displaying uncommon optoelectronic responses. In contrast to binary Ni-bcbp, the SiW@Ni-bcbp framework exhibits distinctive photochromism and robust X-ray responsiveness, which can be attributed to the synergistic effects of the electron reservoir and multiple photoinduced electron transfer originating from the POMs. As a result, the X-ray detector based on SiW@Ni-bcbp demonstrates a sensitivity of 5741.6 µC Gyair -1 cm-2 with a low detection limit of 0.49 µGyair s-1. Moreover, the devices demonstrated the capability of producing clearness X-ray images, providing a feasible and stable solution for constructing high-performance direct X-ray detectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingsong Wei
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Jingyan Liu
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Liang Wu
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Fuhai Chen
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Yuanji Ye
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Shuquan Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Yanan Zhu
- Department of Materials Science, Shenzhen MSU-BIT University, Shenzhen, 518172, P. R. China
| | - Yong Chen
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Minghua You
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou, 350118, P. R. China
| | - Qing Liao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Meijin Lin
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Hongming Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
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Dai W, Li X, He C, Li X, Kong C, Cheng F, Liu JJ. Polyoxometalate-dependent Photocatalytic Activity of Radical-doped Perylenediimide-based Hybrid Materials. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303996. [PMID: 38165074 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Inorganic-organic hybrid materials are a kind of multiduty materials with high crystallinity and definite structures, built from functional inorganic and organic components with highly tunable photochemical properties. Perylenediimides (PDIs) are a kind of strong visible light-absorbing organic dyes with π-electron-deficient planes and photochemical properties depending on their micro-environment, which provides a platform for designing tunable and efficient hybrid photocatalytic materials. Herein, four radical-doped PDI-based crystalline hybrid materials, Cl4-PDI⋅SiW12O40 (1), Cl4-PDI⋅SiMo12O40 (2), Cl4-PDI⋅PW12O40 (3), and Cl4-PDI⋅PMo12O40 (4), were attained by slow diffusion of polyoxometalates (POMs) into acidified Cl4-PDI solutions. The obtained PDI-based crystalline hybrid materials not only exhibited prominent photochromism, but also possessed reactive organic radicals under ambient conditions. Furthermore, all hybrid materials could be easily photoreduced to their radical anions (Cl4-PDI⋅-), and then underwent a second photoexcitation to form energetic excited state radical anions (Cl4-PDI⋅-*). However, experiments and theoretical calculations demonstrated that the formed energetic Cl4-PDI⋅-* showed unusual POM-dependent photocatalytic efficiencies toward the oxidative coupling of amines and the iodoperfluoroalkylation of alkenes; higher photocatalytic efficiencies were found for hybrid materials 1 (anion: SiW12O40 4-) and 2 (anion: SiMo12O40 4-) compared to 3 (anion: PW12O40 3-) and 4 (anion: PMo12O40 3-). The photocatalytic efficiencies of these hybrid materials are mainly controlled by the energy differences between the SOMO-2 level of Cl4-PDI⋅-* and the LUMO level of the POMs. The structure-photocatalytic activity relationships established in present work provide new research directions to both the photocatalysis and hybrid material fields, and will promote the integration of these areas to explore new materials with interesting properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijun Dai
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Qujing Normal University, Qujing, 655011, P. R. China
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunmin, 650504, P. R. China
| | - Xiaobo Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Qujing Normal University, Qujing, 655011, P. R. China
| | - Chixian He
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Qujing Normal University, Qujing, 655011, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Qujing Normal University, Qujing, 655011, P. R. China
| | - Ci Kong
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Qujing Normal University, Qujing, 655011, P. R. China
| | - Feixiang Cheng
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Qujing Normal University, Qujing, 655011, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Jun Liu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Qujing Normal University, Qujing, 655011, P. R. China
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Zhang SQ, Fang H, Chen FH, Lin MJ. Naphthalenediimide/Iodobismuthate Hybrid Heterostructures: Water Resistance and Long-Lived Charge-Separated States. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:19706-19719. [PMID: 37967369 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Organic-inorganic hybrid iodobismuthate perovskites have become promising semiconductive materials for their environmentally friendly and light-harvesting characteristics. However, their low-dimensional bismuth-iodide skeletons result in poor charge-separation efficiency, limiting their application in optoelectronic devices. To address this issue, the donor-acceptor (D-A) heterostructures have been introduced to the iodobismuthate hybrid materials by incorporating an electron-deficient N,N'-bis(4-aminoethyl)-1,4,5,8-naphthalene diimide (NDIEA) as the electron acceptor and organic counterpart. Five naphthalenediimide/iodobismuthate hybrid heterostructures, named (H2NDIEA)1.5·Bi2I9·3DMF (1), H2NDIEA·[Bi2I8(DMF)2]·2DMF (2), (H2NDIEA)2·Bi4I16·2H2O·4MeOH (3), (H2NDIEA)2·Bi4I16·8H2O (4), and [(H2NDIEA)2·Bi6I22]n·4nH2O (5) (DMF = N,N-dimethylformamide), were synthesized. Their crystal structures, water stabilities, charge-separated behaviors, and electrical properties have been studied through experimental and computational investigations. The results revealed that hybrids 3-5 exhibited high water resistance attributed to their tightly packed structures and robust H-bonds between solvent molecules and organic-inorganic supramolecular frameworks. Density functional theory calculations confirmed characteristic type-IIa band alignments of all the five hybrids, facilitating to the photoinduced charge separation. Moreover, the closer contact caused by the strong anion-π interactions between electron donors and acceptors in hybrid 5 leads to the long-lived charge-separated states and improved electrical properties compared to the other hybrids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Quan Zhang
- College of Zhicheng, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Hua Fang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Inorganic Oxygenated Materials, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Fu-Hai Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Inorganic Oxygenated Materials, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Mei-Jin Lin
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Inorganic Oxygenated Materials, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
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Fang H, Chen FH, Zhang SQ, Lin MJ. Three Semiconductive 1D Naphthalene Diimide/Iodoplumbate Perovskites with High Moisture Tolerance and Long-Lived Charge Separation States. Inorg Chem 2023. [PMID: 37267590 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c01139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Low-dimensional inorganic-organic hybrid perovskites with high moisture tolerance and long-lived charge separation states have captured significant attention in the field of optoelectronic devices. To further achieve the relationship between crystal structures and stability, as well as charge separation behaviors, three one-dimensional hybrid perovskites containing electron-deficient naphthalene diimide ammonium (NDIEA) and electron-rich iodoplumbate chains, [(H2NDIEA)Pb2I6]·2DMF (1), [(H2NDIEA)2Pb5I14·(DMF)2]·4DMF (2), and [(HNDIEA)2Pb2I6]·3H2O (3), were synthesized. Crystal structure determinations revealed various synthesis conditions leading to different stacking modes, especially the inorganic lead iodide fraction, which resulted in different water resistances and charge-separated behaviors. The comprehensive analysis found that strong intermolecular interactions (anion-π interactions and π-π interactions), and matching energy levels between protonated NDIEA and iodoplumbate chains, can facilitate the generation of long-lived charge separation states and extraordinary moisture stability, even in the water environment. In addition, the conductivity behavior of 3 was also explored in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Fang
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Fu-Hai Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Shu-Quan Zhang
- College of Zhicheng, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Mei-Jin Lin
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
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Nath A, Chawla S, K De A, Deria P, Mandal S. Inter-Network Charge-Transfer Excited State Formation Within a Two-fold Catenated Metal-Organic Framework. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202202978. [PMID: 36205435 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Charge-transfer excited state (CTES) defines the ability to split photon energy into work producing redox equivalents suitable for photocatalysis. Here, we report inter-net CTES formation within a two-fold catenated crystalline metal-organic framework (MOF), constructed with two linkers, N,N'-di(4-pyridyl)-1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxydiimide (DPNDI) and 2,6-dicarboxynaphthalene (NDC). The structural flexibility puts two complementary linkers from two nets in a proximal position to interact strongly. Supported by the electrochemical and steady-state electronic spectroscopic data, this ground-state interaction facilitates forming CTES that can be populated by direct excitation. We map the dynamics of the CTES which persists over a few nanoseconds and highlight the utilities of such relatively long-lived CTES as enhanced conductivity of the MOF under light over that measured in dark and as a proof-of-the-principle test, photo-reduction of methyl viologen under white light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akashdeep Nath
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695551, India
| | - Sakshi Chawla
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Punjab, 140306, India
| | - Arijit K De
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Punjab, 140306, India
| | - Pravas Deria
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Science, Southern Illinois University, 1245 Lincoln Drive, Carbondale, Illinois, 62901, USA
| | - Sukhendu Mandal
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695551, India
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Zhong S, Zhu L, Wu S, Li Y, Lin M. Photoactive donor-acceptor conjugated macrocycles: New opportunities for supramolecular chemistry. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.108124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Liu Z, Li X, Yin W, Chen J, Li C, Cheng F, Liu JJ. Perylenediimide-Based Hybrid Materials for the Iodoperfluoroalkylation of Alkenes and Oxidative Coupling of Amines: Bay-Substituent-Mediated Photocatalytic Activity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:53090-53100. [PMID: 36383738 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c17197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Inorganic-organic donor-acceptor hybrid compounds are an emerging class of multifunctional crystalline materials with well-defined structures built from semiconductive inorganic and organic components. Perylenediimides (PDIs) are a prominent class of electron-deficient organic dyes, which can undergo consecutive photoinduced electron transfers to generate doublet excited-state radical anions for photoredox-inert chemical bonds. Thus, this is an excellent organic component for building hybrid materials to study the structure-property relationships in organic synthesis. In this context, three molecular structure modified PDI-based hybrid materials, (Me4-PDI)2·SiW12O40 (1), (Me4-Cl4-PDI)2·SiW12O40 (2), and (Me4-Br2-PDI)1.5·HSiW12O40 (3), were studied. By the introduction of different substituent groups at the bay positions, these three hybrid materials were successfully fabricated to investigate the impact of substituent groups on the photocatalytic activity. As expected, all PDI-based hybrid materials easily underwent consecutive photoexcitation to obtain their excited-state radical anions. However, experimental and theoretical analyses showed that these obtained excited-state radical anions displayed unusual bay-substituent-group-dependent photocatalytic conversion activities for the iodoperfluoroalkylation of alkenes and oxidative coupling of amines. Higher conversion yields were obtained for complexes 1 and 3 (bay-unsubstituted and Br-substituted PDI hybrid materials, respectively), and lower conversion was observed for complex 2 (Cl-substituted PDI hybrid material), which is attributed to the excited-state SOMO-1 energies of the PDI radical anions. The structure-property relationship established in this work provides insights for the further exploration of bay-substituted PDI hybrid materials in other small-molecule photocatalytic transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengfen Liu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China
| | - Xiaobo Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China
| | - Wenxiu Yin
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China
| | - Jian Chen
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China
| | - Chao Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China
| | - Feixiang Cheng
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China
| | - Jian-Jun Liu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China
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