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Wei J, Wu F, Sun H, Xia S, Sang X, Li F, Zhang Z, Han S, Niu W. Modulate the metallic Sb state on ultrathin PdSb-based nanosheets for efficient formic acid electrooxidation. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 648:473-480. [PMID: 37302230 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.05.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Incorporation of oxophilic metals into Pd-based nanostructures has shown great potential in small molecule electrooxidation owing to their superior anti-poisoning capability. However, engineering the electronic structure of oxophilic dopants in Pd-based catalysts remains challenging and their impact on electrooxidation reactions is rarely demonstrated. Herein, we have developed a method for synthesizing PdSb-based nanosheets, enabling the incorporation of the Sb element in a predominantly metallic state despite its high oxophilic nature. Moreover, the Pd90Sb7W3 nanosheet serves as an efficient electrocatalyst for the formic acid oxidation reaction (FAOR), and the underlying promotion mechanism is investigated. Among the as-prepared PdSb-based nanosheets, the Pd90Sb7W3 nanosheet exhibits a remarkable 69.03% metallic state of Sb, surpassing the values observed for the Pd86Sb12W2 (33.01%) and Pd83Sb14W3 (25.41%) nanosheets. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and CO stripping experiments confirm that the Sb metallic state contributes the synergistic effect of their electronic and oxophilic effect, thus leading to an effective electrooxidation removal of CO and significantly enhanced FAOR electrocatalytic activity (1.47 A mg-1; 2.32 mA cm-1) compared with the oxidated state of Sb. This work highlights the importance of modulating the chemical valence state of oxophilic metals to enhance electrocatalytic performance, offering valuable insights for the design of high-performance electrocatalysts for electrooxidation of small molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinping Wei
- School of Science, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China; State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
| | - Fengxia Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China.
| | - Hongda Sun
- School of Science, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China
| | - Shiyu Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
| | - Xueqing Sang
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Fenghua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
| | - Zhichao Zhang
- School of Science, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China.
| | - Shuang Han
- School of Science, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China.
| | - Wenxin Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China.
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Sofian M, Nasim F, Ali H, Nadeem MA. Pronounced effect of yttrium oxide on the activity of Pd/rGO electrocatalyst for formic acid oxidation reaction. RSC Adv 2023; 13:14306-14316. [PMID: 37197672 PMCID: PMC10184137 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra01929b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
A highly efficient and stable electrocatalyst comprised of yttrium oxide (Y2O3) and palladium nanoparticles has been synthesized via a sodium borohydride reduction approach. The molar ratio of Pd and Y was varied to fabricate various electrocatalysts and the oxidation reaction of formic acid was checked. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) are used to characterize the synthesized catalysts. Among the synthesized catalysts (PdyYx/rGO), the optimized catalyst i.e., Pd6Y4/rGO exhibits the highest current density (106 mA cm-2) and lowest onset potential compared to Pd/rGO (28.1 mA cm-2) and benchmark Pd/C (21.7 mA cm-2). The addition of Y2O3 to the rGO surface results in electrochemically active sites due to the improved geometric structure and bifunctional components. The electrochemically active surface area 119.4 m2 g-1 is calculated for Pd6Y4/rGO, which is ∼1.108, ∼1.24, ∼1.47 and 1.55 times larger than Pd4Y6/rGO, Pd2Y8/rGO, Pd/C and Pd/rGO, respectively. The redesigned Pd structures on Y2O3-promoted rGO give exceptional stability and enhanced resistance to CO poisoning. The outstanding electrocatalytic performance of the Pd6Y4/rGO electrocatalyst is ascribed to uniform dispersion of small size palladium nanoparticles which is possibly due to the presence of yttrium oxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Sofian
- Catalysis and Nanomaterials Lab 27, Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad 45320 Pakistan
| | - Fatima Nasim
- Catalysis and Nanomaterials Lab 27, Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad 45320 Pakistan
| | - Hassan Ali
- Catalysis and Nanomaterials Lab 27, Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad 45320 Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Arif Nadeem
- Catalysis and Nanomaterials Lab 27, Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad 45320 Pakistan
- Pakistan Academy of Sciences 3-Constitution Avenue Sector G-5/2 Islamabad Pakistan
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Zhang G, Wang Y, Ma Y, Zhang H, Zheng Y. Boosting Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Formic Acid on Ir(IV)-Doped PdAg Alloy Nanodendrites with Sub-5 nm Branches. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28093670. [PMID: 37175080 PMCID: PMC10180118 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The formic acid oxidation reaction (FAOR) represents an important class of small organic molecule oxidation and is central to the practical application of fuel cells. In this study, we report the fabrication of Ir(IV)-doped PdAg alloy nanodendrites with sub-5 nm branches via stepwise synthesis in which the precursors of Pd and Ag were co-reduced, followed by the addition of IrCl3 to conduct an in situ galvanic replacement reaction. When serving as the electrocatalyst for the FAOR in an acidic medium, Ir(IV) doping unambiguously enhanced the activity of PdAg alloy nanodendrites and improved the reaction kinetics and long-term stability. In particular, the carbon-supported PdAgIr nanodendrites exhibited a prominent mass activity with a value of 1.09 A mgPd-1, which is almost 2.0 times and 2.7 times that of their PdAg and Pd counterparts, and far superior to that of commercial Pt/C. As confirmed by the means of the DFT simulations, this improved electrocatalytic performance stems from the reduced overall barrier in the oxidation of formic acid into CO2 during the FAOR and successful d-band tuning, together with the stabilization of Pd atoms. The current study opens a new avenue for engineering Pd-based trimetallic nanocrystals with versatile control over the morphology and composition, shedding light on the design of advanced fuel cell electrocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gongguo Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials, Jining University, Qufu 273155, China
| | - Yingying Wang
- Health Management Department, Shandong Vocational College of Light Industry, Zibo 255300, China
| | - Yanyun Ma
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Haifeng Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials, Jining University, Qufu 273155, China
| | - Yiqun Zheng
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials, Jining University, Qufu 273155, China
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Huang S, Li J, Wang X, Kang Y, Zhao Y, Wang H, Zhang P, Zhang L, Zhao C. Boosting the Electrocatalytic Formic Acid Oxidation Activity via P-PdAuAg Quaternary Alloying. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 36916029 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c00708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Direct formic acid fuel cells (DFAFCs) are considered promising sustainable power sources due to their high energy density, nonflammability, and low fuel crossover. However, serious CO poisoning and activity attenuation of the anodic formic acid oxidation reaction (FAOR) greatly restrict the output and durability of DFAFCs. Inspired by the specific relationship between the composition, type, and property of alloys, in this work, we synthesize a series of hybrid substitutional/interstitial quaternary alloys P-PdAuAg by means of a novel polyphosphide route to address these issues. Due to the simultaneous interstitial P-doping and metal (Au, Ag, Pd) co-reduction, the P-PdAuAg quaternary alloy obtained is only 3 nm in diameter with abundant defects. It not only achieves a new high mass activity of 8.08 A mgPd-1 (6.78 A mgcatalyst-1) but also maintains high stability in the high potential range and harsh reaction conditions. Both the activity and anti-poisoning ability are far exceeding those of the currently reported FAOR catalysts. Detailed density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that the superb electrochemical performances originate from the shift of the d-band center of Pd as a result of the synergistic electronic/ligand effects between Pd, Au, Ag, and P. The introduction of interstitial P inhibits the occurrence of an indirect reaction pathway on Pd, while Au and Ag suppress the adsorption of CO and optimize the sequential dehydrogenation steps, leading to boosted reaction kinetics and CO tolerance. This work pioneered a facile way for the synthesis of Pd-based substitutional/interstitial hybrid alloys, providing a promising means of further improving the performance of alloying catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuke Huang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518071, China
| | - Jun Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518071, China
| | - Xiaosha Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518071, China
| | - Yongshuai Kang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518071, China
| | - Yongjian Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518071, China
| | - Hu Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518071, China
| | - Peixin Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518071, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518071, China
| | - Chenyang Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518071, China
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