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Zhang Q, Zhang D, Liao Z, Cao YB, Kumar M, Poddar S, Han J, Hu Y, Lv H, Mo X, Srivastava AK, Fan Z. Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes with Quantum Wires and Nanorods. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2405418. [PMID: 39183527 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202405418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Perovskite materials, celebrated for their exceptional optoelectronic properties, have seen extensive application in the field of light-emitting diodes (LEDs), where research is as abundant as the proverbial "carloads of books." In this review, the research of perovskite materials is delved into from a dimensional perspective, with a focus on the exemplary performance of low-dimensional perovskite materials in LEDs. This discussion predominantly revolves around perovskite quantum wires and perovskite nanorods. Perovskite quantum wires are versatile in their growth, compatible with both solution-based and vapor-phase growth, and can be deposited over large areas-even on spherical substrates-to achieve commendable electroluminescence (EL). Perovskite nanorods, on the other hand, boast a suite of superior characteristics, such as polarization properties and tunability of the transition dipole moment, endowing them with the great potential to enhance light extraction efficiency. Furthermore, zero-dimensional (0D) perovskite materials like nanocrystals (NCs) are also the subject of widespread research and application. This review reflects on and synthesizes the unique qualities of the aforementioned materials while exploring their vital roles in the development of high-efficiency perovskite LEDs (PeLEDs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianpeng Zhang
- Department of Electronic & Computer Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Displays and Optoelectronics Technologies, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
- State Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Science and Technology, Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Intelligent Optoelectronics and Perception, Institute of Optoelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Daquan Zhang
- Department of Electronic & Computer Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Displays and Optoelectronics Technologies, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Zebing Liao
- Department of Electronic & Computer Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Displays and Optoelectronics Technologies, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Yang Bryan Cao
- Department of Electronic & Computer Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Displays and Optoelectronics Technologies, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Mallem Kumar
- Department of Electronic & Computer Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Displays and Optoelectronics Technologies, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Swapnadeep Poddar
- Department of Electronic & Computer Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Displays and Optoelectronics Technologies, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Junchao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Science and Technology, Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Intelligent Optoelectronics and Perception, Institute of Optoelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Ying Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Science and Technology, Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Intelligent Optoelectronics and Perception, Institute of Optoelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Hualiang Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Science and Technology, Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Intelligent Optoelectronics and Perception, Institute of Optoelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xiaoliang Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Science and Technology, Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Intelligent Optoelectronics and Perception, Institute of Optoelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Abhishek Kumar Srivastava
- Department of Electronic & Computer Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Displays and Optoelectronics Technologies, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Zhiyong Fan
- Department of Electronic & Computer Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Displays and Optoelectronics Technologies, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
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Othman DM, Weinstein J, Huang N, Ming W, Lyu Q, Hou B. Solution-processed colloidal quantum dots for internet of things. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:10947-10974. [PMID: 38804109 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr00203b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) have been a hot research topic ever since they were successfully fabricated in 1993 via the hot injection method. The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2023 was awarded to Moungi G. Bawendi, Louis E. Brus and Alexei I. Ekimov for the discovery and synthesis of quantum dots. The Internet of Things (IoT) has also attracted a lot of attention due to the technological advancements and digitalisation of the world. This review first aims to give the basics behind QD physics. After that, the history behind CQD synthesis and the different methods used to synthesize most widely researched CQD materials (CdSe, PbS and InP) are revisited. A brief introduction to what IoT is and how it works is also mentioned. Then, the most widely researched CQD devices that can be used for the main IoT components are reviewed, where the history, physics, the figures of merit (FoMs) and the state-of-the-art are discussed. Finally, the challenges and different methods for integrating CQDs into IoT devices are discussed, mentioning the future possibilities that await CQDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diyar Mousa Othman
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF24 3AA, UK.
| | - Julia Weinstein
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S3 7HF, UK
| | | | - Wenlong Ming
- School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF24 3AA, UK
| | - Quan Lyu
- Cambridge Research Centre, Huawei Technologies Research & Development (UK) Ltd, Cambridge, CB4 0FY, UK.
| | - Bo Hou
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF24 3AA, UK.
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Hung CM, Wang SF, Chao WC, Li JL, Chen BH, Lu CH, Tu KY, Yang SD, Hung WY, Chi Y, Chou PT. High-performance near-infrared OLEDs maximized at 925 nm and 1022 nm through interfacial energy transfer. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4664. [PMID: 38821968 PMCID: PMC11143248 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49127-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Using a transfer printing technique, we imprint a layer of a designated near-infrared fluorescent dye BTP-eC9 onto a thin layer of Pt(II) complex, both of which are capable of self-assembly. Before integration, the Pt(II) complex layer gives intense deep-red phosphorescence maximized at ~740 nm, while the BTP-eC9 layer shows fluorescence at > 900 nm. Organic light emitting diodes fabricated under the imprinted bilayer architecture harvest most of Pt(II) complex phosphorescence, which undergoes triplet-to-singlet energy transfer to the BTP-eC9 dye, resulting in high-intensity hyperfluorescence at > 900 nm. As a result, devices achieve 925 nm emission with external quantum efficiencies of 2.24% (1.94 ± 0.18%) and maximum radiance of 39.97 W sr-1 m-2. Comprehensive morphology, spectroscopy and device analyses support the mechanism of interfacial energy transfer, which also is proved successful for BTPV-eC9 dye (1022 nm), making bright and far-reaching the prospective of hyperfluorescent OLEDs in the near-infrared region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chieh-Ming Hung
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Fu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chih Chao
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Liang Li
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bo-Han Chen
- Institute of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsuan Lu
- Institute of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Yen Tu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Da Yang
- Institute of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yi Hung
- Institute of Optoelectronic Sciences, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Yun Chi
- Department of Materials Sciences and Engineering and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Pi-Tai Chou
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Center for Emerging Materials and Advanced Devices, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Yang K, Weng X, Feng J, Yu Y, Xu B, Lin Q, Zhang Q, Zhuang J, Hou W, Yan X, Hu H, Li F. High-Resolution Quantum Dot Light-Emitting Diodes by Electrohydrodynamic Printing. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:9544-9550. [PMID: 38346935 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c18371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Quantum dot light-emitting diodes (QLEDs) have attracted increasing attention due to their excellent electroluminescent properties and compatibility with inkjet printing processes, which show great potential in applications of pixelated displays. However, the relatively low resolution of the inkjet printing technology limits its further development. In this paper, high-resolution QLEDs were successfully fabricated by electrohydrodynamic (EHD) printing. A pixelated quantum dot (QD) emission layer was formed by printing an insulating Teflon mesh on a spin-coated QD layer. The patterned QLEDs show a high resolution of 2540 pixels per inch (PPI), with a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 20.29% and brightness of 35816 cd/m2. To further demonstrate its potential in full-color display, the fabrication process for the QD layer was changed from spin-coating to EHD printing. The as-printed Teflon effectively blocked direct contact between the hole transport layer and the electron transport layer, thus preventing leakage currents. As a result, the device showed a resolution of 1692 PPI with a maximum EQE of 15.40%. To the best of our knowledge, these results represent the highest resolution and efficiency of pixelated QLEDs using inkjet printing or EHD printing, which demonstrates its huge potential in the application of high-resolution full-color displays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyu Yang
- College of Physics and Information Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, People's Republic of China
- Fujian Science and Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou 350108, People's Republic of China
| | - Xukeng Weng
- College of Physics and Information Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiahuan Feng
- Fujian Science and Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou 350108, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongshen Yu
- Fujian Science and Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou 350108, People's Republic of China
| | - Baolin Xu
- College of Physics and Information Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuxiang Lin
- College of Physics and Information Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingkai Zhang
- College of Physics and Information Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaqing Zhuang
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Display, Guangzhou 510525, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjun Hou
- TCL Research, Shenzhen 518057, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolin Yan
- TCL Research, Shenzhen 518057, People's Republic of China
| | - Hailong Hu
- College of Physics and Information Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, People's Republic of China
- Fujian Science and Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou 350108, People's Republic of China
| | - Fushan Li
- College of Physics and Information Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, People's Republic of China
- Fujian Science and Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou 350108, People's Republic of China
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Chang S, Koo JH, Yoo J, Kim MS, Choi MK, Kim DH, Song YM. Flexible and Stretchable Light-Emitting Diodes and Photodetectors for Human-Centric Optoelectronics. Chem Rev 2024; 124:768-859. [PMID: 38241488 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Optoelectronic devices with unconventional form factors, such as flexible and stretchable light-emitting or photoresponsive devices, are core elements for the next-generation human-centric optoelectronics. For instance, these deformable devices can be utilized as closely fitted wearable sensors to acquire precise biosignals that are subsequently uploaded to the cloud for immediate examination and diagnosis, and also can be used for vision systems for human-interactive robotics. Their inception was propelled by breakthroughs in novel optoelectronic material technologies and device blueprinting methodologies, endowing flexibility and mechanical resilience to conventional rigid optoelectronic devices. This paper reviews the advancements in such soft optoelectronic device technologies, honing in on various materials, manufacturing techniques, and device design strategies. We will first highlight the general approaches for flexible and stretchable device fabrication, including the appropriate material selection for the substrate, electrodes, and insulation layers. We will then focus on the materials for flexible and stretchable light-emitting diodes, their device integration strategies, and representative application examples. Next, we will move on to the materials for flexible and stretchable photodetectors, highlighting the state-of-the-art materials and device fabrication methods, followed by their representative application examples. At the end, a brief summary will be given, and the potential challenges for further development of functional devices will be discussed as a conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sehui Chang
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Ja Hoon Koo
- Department of Semiconductor Systems Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Semiconductor and System IC, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Jisu Yoo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Seok Kim
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon Kee Choi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Semiconductor Materials and Devices Engineering, Center for Future Semiconductor Technology (FUST), UNIST, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Hyeong Kim
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University (SNU), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, SNU, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program for Bioengineering, SNU, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Min Song
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Artificial Intelligence (AI) Graduate School, GIST, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
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Yu P, Cao S, Wang Y, Zhao J. Repercussions of the Inner Shell Layer on the Performance of Cd-Free Quantum Dots and Their Light-Emitting Diodes. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:201-211. [PMID: 38157217 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c03137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Indium phosphide (InP) and zinc selenium tellurium (ZnSeTe) quantum dots (QDs) as less toxic alternatives have received substantial attention. The structure of QDs generally consists of a QD core, inner shell layer, and outer shell layer. We reckon that the inner shell layer, especially its components and thickness, have a significant influence on the optical and electronic performances of QDs. In this Perspective, we compare optical properties of these QDs with different inner shells and summarize how typical inner shell components and thickness influence their optical properties. The impact of the inner shell on the performance of QD light-emitting diodes (QLEDs) has also been discussed. The appropriate components and thickness of the inner shell both contribute to alleviate valence or lattice mismatch, thereby enhancing the performance of QDs. We expect that this Perspective could heighten awareness of the significance and impact of the inner shell layer in QDs and facilitate further development of QDs and QLEDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Yu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-Cycle Safety for Composite Structures, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Sheng Cao
- School of Physical Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-Cycle Safety for Composite Structures, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yunjun Wang
- Suzhou Xingshuo Nanotech Co., Ltd. (Mesolight), Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jialong Zhao
- School of Physical Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-Cycle Safety for Composite Structures, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
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7
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Yang C, Ma R, Wang Z, Wang Y, Yu C, Liu Y, Wan Y, Li J, Tong J, Zhang P, Zhang H. Efficient Quantum Dot Light-Emitting Diode Enabled by a Thick Inorganic CdS Interfacial Modification Layer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:54185-54191. [PMID: 37943303 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c12897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Ultrathin (∼10 nm) insulating polymer films are commonly employed as an interfacial modification layer (IML) to improve charge balance and suppress interfacial exciton quenching in quantum dot light-emitting diodes (QLEDs). However, because the thickness is smaller than the energy transfer distance, interfacial exciton quenching is only partially suppressed, leading to the degrading of device performance. In this work, a thick (35 nm) inorganic CdS film is developed to serve as the IML of CdSe quantum-dot-based QLED. Benefiting from relatively low electron mobility and well-matched energy level, the CdS IML can effectively improve charge balance. In addition, because the thickness is larger than the energy transfer distance, interfacial exciton quenching can be completely blocked. As a result, the QLEDs with CdS IML exhibit a maximum EQE of 21.2% and a peak current efficiency of 24.2 cd A-1, which are about 1.32- and 1.4-fold higher than 16.1% and 17.3 cd A-1 of the devices without CdS IML, respectively. Our work offers an efficient method to completely block interfacial exciton quenching, which may open a new avenue for developing higher-performance QLEDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Rui Ma
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004,China
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004,China
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Chaoyu Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004,China
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yonggang Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yanfu Wan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jianfeng Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Junfeng Tong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004,China
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
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Wang Y, Yang Y, Zhang D, Zhang T, Xie S, Zhang Y, Zhao YB, Mi X, Liu X. Phosphorescent-Dye-Sensitized Quantum-Dot Light-Emitting Diodes with 37% External Quantum Efficiency. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2306703. [PMID: 37722690 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202306703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Exciton harvesting is of paramount importance for quantum-dot light-emitting diodes (QLEDs). Direct exciton harvesting by the quantum dots (QDs) emitting layer suffers from poor hole injection due to the low conduction bands and valence bands of QDs, leading to unbalanced electron-hole injection and recombination. To address this issue, here, an exciton sensitizing approach is reported, where excitons form on a phosphorescent-dye-doped layer, which then transfer their energies to adjacent QDs layer for photon emission. Due to the very efficient exciton formation and energy-transfer processes, higher device performance can be achieved. To demonstrate the above strategy, red QLEDs with a phosphorescent dye, iridium (III) bis(2-methyldibenzo-[f,h]quinoxaline) (acetylacetonate), Ir(MDQ)2 (acac), doped hole-transporting layer are fabricated and studied. At a doping concentration of 10 wt%, the best device achieves record high current efficiency, power efficiency, and external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 37.3 cd A-1 , 41 lm W-1 , and 37%, respectively. Simultaneously, the efficiency roll-off characteristic is greatly improved, in that 35% EQE can be well retained at a high luminance level of 450 000 cd m-2 . Moreover, the devices also exhibit good stability and reproducibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
- Chongqing Research Institute, Changchun University of Science and Technology, No. 618 Liangjiang Avenue, Longxing Town, Yubei District, Chongqing City, 401135, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Optoelectronic Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Yusen Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Optoelectronic Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Dingke Zhang
- School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China
| | - Tong Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Optoelectronic Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Shiyi Xie
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Optoelectronic Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics and College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Biao Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Yunnan Provincial Higher Education Institutions for Optoelectronics Device Engineering, Department of Physics, School of Physics and Astronomy, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
- International Joint Research Center for Optoelectronic and Engineering Research, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Xiaoyun Mi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
- Chongqing Research Institute, Changchun University of Science and Technology, No. 618 Liangjiang Avenue, Longxing Town, Yubei District, Chongqing City, 401135, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Optoelectronic Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Xiuling Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
- Chongqing Research Institute, Changchun University of Science and Technology, No. 618 Liangjiang Avenue, Longxing Town, Yubei District, Chongqing City, 401135, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Optoelectronic Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
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9
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Thrupthika T, Nataraj D, Ramya S, Sangeetha A, Thangadurai TD. Induced UV photon sensing properties in narrow bandgap CdTe quantum dots through controlling hot electron dynamics. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:25331-25343. [PMID: 37702661 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp02424e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Mn-doped CdTe (Mn-CdTe) quantum dot (QD) as well as quantum dot solid (QD solid) nanostructures are formed and the established structures are confirmed through HR-TEM analysis. The dynamics of charge carriers in both doped & undoped QD and QD solid structures were investigated by transient absorption (TA) spectroscopy. A slow band edge bleach recovery is obtained for Mn-doped CdTe QD and CdTe QD solid systems at room temperature. Additionally, a blue shifted broad bleach behaviour is identified for the Mn-CdTe QD solid system, which is attributed to hot exciton formation in the solid upon photoexcitation with a higher photon energy than the band gap energy (hν > Eg). This noteworthy process of generation of hot excitons and slow charge recombination occurs by means of a synergetic action of the Mn dopant in the host CdTe QD solid system as well as the extended electronic wave function between the coupled QD solid. Apart from the Mn-assisted delayed relaxation of hot electrons in the QD solid, a suppression in dark current as well as a high ION/IOFF ratio of 3203.12 at 1 V is observed in the Mn-CdTe QD-solid based photosensitized device in the visible region. Furthermore, we were able to improve the UV photon harvesting property in a narrow band gap Mn-CdTe QD solid through reducing the higher excited carrier's energy losses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thankappan Thrupthika
- Quantum Materials & Devices Laboratory, Department of Physics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641 046, India.
| | - Devaraj Nataraj
- Quantum Materials & Devices Laboratory, Department of Physics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641 046, India.
- UGC-CPEPA Centre for Advanced Studies in Physics for the Development of Solar Energy Materials and Devices, Department of Physics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641 046, India
| | - Subramaniam Ramya
- Quantum Materials & Devices Laboratory, Department of Physics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641 046, India.
| | - Arumugam Sangeetha
- Quantum Materials & Devices Laboratory, Department of Physics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641 046, India.
| | - T Daniel Thangadurai
- KPR Institute of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641 407, India.
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Kim Y, Park H, Yoon J, Yoon H, Jeong S, Kim D, Hong Y. Monomer-mixed hole transport layers for improving hole injection of quantum dot light-emitting diodes. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:20730-20739. [PMID: 37381189 DOI: 10.1364/oe.493134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Quantum-dot light-emitting diodes (QLEDs) are promising components for next-generation displays and related applications. However, their performance is critically limited by inherent hole-injection barrier caused by deep highest-occupied molecular orbital levels of quantum dots. Herein, we present an effective method for enhancing the performance of QLEDs by incorporating a monomer (TCTA or mCP) into hole-transport layers (HTL). The impact of different monomer concentrations on the characteristics of QLEDs were investigated. The results indicate that sufficient monomer concentrations improve the current efficiency and power efficiency. The increased hole current using monomer-mixed HTL suggests that our method holds considerable potential for high-performance QLEDs.
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Abstract
Quantum dot light-emitting diodes (QD-LEDs) are one of the most promising self-emissive displays in terms of light-emitting efficiency, wavelength tunability, and cost. Future applications using QD-LEDs can cover a range from a wide color gamut and large panel displays to augmented/virtual reality displays, wearable/flexible displays, automotive displays, and transparent displays, which demand extreme performance in terms of contrast ratio, viewing angle, response time, and power consumption. The efficiency and lifetime have been improved by tailoring the QD structures and optimizing the charge balance in charge transport layers, resulting in theoretical efficiency for unit devices. Currently, longevity and inkjet-printing fabrication of QD-LEDs are being tested for future commercialization. In this Review, we summarize significant progress in the development of QD-LEDs and describe their potential compared to other displays. Furthermore, the critical elements to determine the performance of QD-LEDs, such as emitters, hole/electron transport layers, and device structures, are discussed comprehensively, and the degradation mechanisms of the devices and the issues of the inkjet-printing process were also investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunjoo Jang
- Material Research Center, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Samsung Electronics, 130 Samsung-ro, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16678, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyosook Jang
- Material Research Center, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Samsung Electronics, 130 Samsung-ro, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16678, Republic of Korea
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Wang H, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Chen Z, Li Y, Li X, Xu X. High-efficiency and high-resolution patterned quantum dot light emitting diodes by electrohydrodynamic printing. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:1183-1189. [PMID: 36798500 PMCID: PMC9926896 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00862a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The development of quantum dot light-emitting diode (QLED) fabrication technologies for high-definition and low-cost displays is an important research topic. However, commercially available piezoelectric inkjet printing has reached its limit in reducing pixel sizes, which restricts its potential use in high-resolution displays. Here, we exhibit an electrohydrodynamic (EHD) printing method for manufacturing QLEDs with a high resolution of 500 ppi that remarkably surpasses the resolution of conventional inkjet printing displays. By optimizing the EHD printing process, a high-resolution pixelated bottom-emitting passive matrix QLED with a maximal current efficiency of 14.4 cd A-1 in a pixel size of 5 μm × 39 μm was achieved, indicating the capability of the EHD method in superfine printing and high efficiency QLED. Moreover, a top-emitting device is designed using a capping layer; the maximal current efficiency of top-emission passive matrix QLED devices can reach up to 16.5 cd A-1. Finally, a two-color (red and green) bottom-emission QLED device with 500 ppi was fabricated. The successful fabrication of these high-efficiency QLEDs with 500 ppi demonstrated that the EHD printing strategy has numerous potential applications in high-resolution and high-performance QLEDs for a range of applications, such as mobile or wearable devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haowei Wang
- BOE Technology Group Co., Ltd. No. 9 Dize Road Beijing 100176 China
| | - Yuanming Zhang
- BOE Technology Group Co., Ltd. No. 9 Dize Road Beijing 100176 China
| | - Yang Liu
- BOE Technology Group Co., Ltd. No. 9 Dize Road Beijing 100176 China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- BOE Technology Group Co., Ltd. No. 9 Dize Road Beijing 100176 China
| | - Yanzhao Li
- BOE Technology Group Co., Ltd. No. 9 Dize Road Beijing 100176 China
| | - Xinguo Li
- BOE Technology Group Co., Ltd. No. 9 Dize Road Beijing 100176 China
| | - Xiaoguang Xu
- BOE Technology Group Co., Ltd. No. 9 Dize Road Beijing 100176 China
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