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He L, Gao Y, Liu D, Hu Y, Shi J, Zhang J, Li X, Jin B, Zhang B, Wang ZL, Wang J. Dynamic interfacial electrostatic energy harvesting via a single wire. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eado5362. [PMID: 38865464 PMCID: PMC11168474 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ado5362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Spontaneously occurred electrostatic breakdown releases enormous energy, but harnessing the energy remains a notable challenge due to its irregularity and instantaneity. Here, we propose a revolutionary method that effectively harvests the energy of dynamic interfacial electrostatic breakdown by simply imbedding a conductive wire (diameter, 25 micrometers) beneath dielectric materials to regulate the originally chaotic and distributed electrostatic energy resulted from contact electrification into aggregation, effectively transforming mechanical energy into electricity. A point-charge physical model is proposed to explain the power generation process and output characteristics, guide structural design, and enhance output performance. Furthermore, a quantified triboelectric series including 72 dielectric material pairs is established for materials choice and optimization. In addition, a high voltage of over 10 kilovolts is achieved using polytetrafluoroethylene and polyethylene terephthalate. This work opens a door for effectively using electrostatic energy, offering promising applications ranging from novel high-voltage power sources, smart clothing, and internet of things.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixia He
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, P. R. China
- College of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yikui Gao
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, P. R. China
- College of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Di Liu
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, P. R. China
- College of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yuexiao Hu
- Center on Nanoenergy Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, P. R. China
| | - Jianxun Shi
- Center on Nanoenergy Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, P. R. China
| | - Jiayue Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Xinyuan Li
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, P. R. China
- College of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Bingzhe Jin
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, P. R. China
- College of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Baofeng Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Automotive Power Train and Electronic Control, School of Automotive Engineering, Hubei University of Automotive Technology, Shiyan 442002, P. R. China
| | - Zhong Lin Wang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, P. R. China
- Guangzhou Institute of Blue Energy, Knowledge City, Huangpu District, Guangzhou 510555, P. R. China
- Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- Yonsei Frontier Lab, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jie Wang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, P. R. China
- College of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- Guangzhou Institute of Blue Energy, Knowledge City, Huangpu District, Guangzhou 510555, P. R. China
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Gonçalves M, Weon BM. Evaluating Droplet Survivability on Face Masks with X-ray Microtomography. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:193-202. [PMID: 38146923 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
When a person talks, coughs, or sneezes, respiratory droplets are expelled and inevitably land on several surfaces, representing a route for respiratory disease transmission. Here, face masks act as a barrier by obstructing the passage of droplets during exhalation and inhalation. Being constantly exposed to respiratory events and carrying droplet residue, understanding the evaporation and absorption dynamics for tiny droplets on face masks and the fate of viral particle deposition is necessary to analyze the contamination risk. We explore the ideal design for masks from the interaction of mask surfaces with surrogate respiratory droplets by X-ray microscopy and microtomography. We show that the respiratory droplet survivability is significantly reduced in masks with a hydrophilic surface where absorption takes place, leading to a reduction of the postevaporation droplet residue at the mask surface compared with a hydrophobic surface. The results allow us to propose a better mask layer design dependent on wettability, reducing the risk of contamination from respiratory droplets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Gonçalves
- Soft Matter Physics Laboratory, School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Byung Mook Weon
- Soft Matter Physics Laboratory, School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
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Su X, Jia C, Xiang H, Zhu M. Research progress in preparation, properties, and applications of medical protective fiber materials. APPLIED MATERIALS TODAY 2023; 32:101792. [PMID: 36937335 PMCID: PMC10001160 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmt.2023.101792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
A variety of public health events seriously threaten human life and health, especially the outbreak of COVID-19 at the end of 2019 has caused a serious impact on human production and life. Wearing personal protective equipment (PPE) is one of the most effective ways to prevent infection and stop the spread of the virus. Medical protective fiber materials have become the first choice for PPE because of their excellent barrier properties and breathability. In this article, we systematically review the latest progress in preparation technologies, properties, and applications of medical protective fiber materials. We first summarize the technological characteristics of different fiber preparation methods and compare their advantages and disadvantages. Then the barrier properties, comfort, and mechanical properties of the medical protective fiber materials used in PPE are discussed. After that, the applications of medical protective fibers in PPE are introduced, and protective clothing and masks are discussed in detail. Finally, the current status, future development trend, and existing challenges of medical protective fiber materials are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Su
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Chao Jia
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Hengxue Xiang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Meifang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
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