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Zhan S, Wang C, Zhong L, Zhao L, Yang X, Guo AXY, Xiong W, Cheng L, Li R, Tang Z, Cao SC, Zhi C, Lv Lyu H. Insight into Anionic Discrepancies in Bipolar Poly(Thionine) Organic Cathodes for Aqueous Zinc Ion Batteries. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2402767. [PMID: 39086056 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202402767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Electroactive organic electrode materials exhibit remarkable potential in aqueous zinc ion batteries (AZIBs) due to their abundant availability, customizable structures, sustainability, and high reversibility. However, the research on AZIBs has predominantly concentrated on unraveling the storage mechanism of zinc cations, often neglecting the significance of anions in this regard. Herein, bipolar poly(thionine) is synthesized by a simple and efficient polymerization reaction, and the kinetics of different anions are investigated using poly(thionine) as the cathode of AZIBs. Notably, poly(thionine) is a bipolar organic polymer electrode material and exhibits enhanced stability in aqueous solutions compared to thionine monomers. Kinetic analysis reveals that ClO4 - exhibits the fastest kinetics among SO4 2-, Cl-, and OTF-, demonstrating excellent rate performance (109 mAh g-1 @ 0.5 A g-1 and 92 mAh g-1 @ 20 A g-1). Mechanism studies reveal that the poly(thionine) cathode facilitates the co-storage of both anions and cations in Zn(ClO4)2. Furthermore, the lower electrostatic potential of ClO4 - influences the strength of hydrogen bonding with water molecules, thereby enhancing the overall kinetics in aqueous electrolytes. This work provides an effective strategy for synthesizing high-quality organic materials and offers new insights into the kinetic behavior of anions in AZIBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zhan
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
| | - Chunfang Wang
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Leheng Zhong
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
| | - Linwei Zhao
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
| | - Xiaodong Yang
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
| | - Amy X Y Guo
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Liangjie Cheng
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Ran Li
- Yan'an Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Energy, Key Laboratory of New Energy & New Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi, 716000, China
| | - Zijie Tang
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
| | - Shan Cecilia Cao
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Chunyi Zhi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Haiming Lv Lyu
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
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Li D, Guo Y, Zhang C, Chen X, Zhang W, Mei S, Yao CJ. Unveiling Organic Electrode Materials in Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries: From Structural Design to Electrochemical Performance. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2024; 16:194. [PMID: 38743294 PMCID: PMC11093963 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-024-01404-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) are one of the most compelling alternatives of lithium-ion batteries due to their inherent safety and economics viability. In response to the growing demand for green and sustainable energy storage solutions, organic electrodes with the scalability from inexpensive starting materials and potential for biodegradation after use have become a prominent choice for AZIBs. Despite gratifying progresses of organic molecules with electrochemical performance in AZIBs, the research is still in infancy and hampered by certain issues due to the underlying complex electrochemistry. Strategies for designing organic electrode materials for AZIBs with high specific capacity and long cycling life are discussed in detail in this review. Specifically, we put emphasis on the unique electrochemistry of different redox-active structures to provide in-depth understanding of their working mechanisms. In addition, we highlight the importance of molecular size/dimension regarding their profound impact on electrochemical performances. Finally, challenges and perspectives are discussed from the developing point of view for future AZIBs. We hope to provide a valuable evaluation on organic electrode materials for AZIBs in our context and give inspiration for the rational design of high-performance AZIBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dujuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Safety Protection, School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxuan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Safety Protection, School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenxing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Safety Protection, School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianhe Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Safety Protection, School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Weisheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Safety Protection, School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Shilin Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Safety Protection, School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chang-Jiang Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Safety Protection, School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
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Wang J, Huang L, Li J, Lv H, Chen L, Xie H, Wang G, Gu T. Design and synthesis of п-conjugated aromatic heterocyclic materials with dual active sites and ultra-high rate performance for aqueous zinc-organic batteries. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 653:1103-1111. [PMID: 37783010 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.09.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Acid anhydride cathode materials garner considerable interest for aqueous zinc ion batteries (AZIBs) due to ideal specific capacity and structural diversity, however, serious solubility leads to capacity degradation. Herein, 1,4,5,8-naphthalene tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride - 2,3-diamino phenothiazine (NTDP) featuring multiple active sites (6 with CN and 2 with CO) and large π-conjugated backbone, was designed and synthesized utilizing solid-phase method. The smallest energy gap (ΔE) and the lowest LUMO levels (against monomers) induced by multiple active sites and п-conjugated backbone with high aromaticity, NTDP exhibited excellent specific capacity (307.5 mA h g-1 under 0.05 A/g), ultrahigh rate performance (194.9 mA h g-1 under 20 A/g) and impressive cycling stability (190.0 mA h g-1 over 9000 cycles with a capacity retention of 91.2 % at 15 A/g). The reversible Zn2+ insertion/removal mechanism on multiple active centers (CO and CN) was proposed through XPS, FT-IR, and Raman. The specific capacity of the NTDP//zinc flexible cell was 112.6 mA h g-1 at 3 A/g under various folding angles (45°, 90°, 135°, and 180° bends), suggesting its practical potential for flexible devices. This work will offer opportunities for the rational design of battery structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, Xinjiang, China.
| | - Lulu Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jiahao Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, Xinjiang, China
| | - Heng Lv
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, Xinjiang, China
| | - Long Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, Xinjiang, China
| | - Haijiao Xie
- Hangzhou Yanqu Information Technology Co., Ltd. Y2, 2nd Floor, Building 2, Xixi Legu Creative Pioneering Park, No. 712 Wen'er West Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310003, China
| | - Gang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, Xinjiang, China.
| | - Tiantian Gu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, Xinjiang, China.
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Bian S, Yang Y, Liu S, Ye F, Tang H, Wu Y, Hu L. Recent Progress of the Cathode Material Design for Aqueous Zn-Organic Batteries. Chemistry 2023:e202303917. [PMID: 38093171 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) have emerged as the most promising candidate for large-scale energy storage due to their inherent safety, environmental friendliness, and cost-effectiveness. Simultaneously, the utilization of organic electrode materials with renewable resources, environmental compatibility, and diverse structures has sparked a surge in research and development of aqueous Zn-organic batteries (ZOBs). A comprehensive review is warranted to systematically present recent advancements in design principles, synthesis techniques, energy storage mechanisms, and zinc-ion storage performance of organic cathodes. In this review article, we comprehensively summarize the energy storage mechanisms employed by aqueous ZOBs. Subsequently, we categorize organic cathode materials into small-molecule compounds and high-molecular polymers respectively. Novel polymer materials such as conjugated polymers (CPs), conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs), and covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are highlighted with an overview of molecular design strategies and structural optimization based on organic cathode materials aimed at enhancing the performance of aqueous ZOBs. Finally, we discuss the challenges faced by aqueous ZOBs along with future prospects to offer insights into their practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyang Bian
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, P. R. China
| | - Yunting Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, P. R. China
| | - Shuo Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, P. R. China
| | - Fei Ye
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, P. R. China
| | - Hongjian Tang
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy & Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, P. R. China
| | - Yuping Wu
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy & Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, P. R. China
| | - Linfeng Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, P. R. China
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Wang J, Lv H, Huang L, Li J, Xie H, Wang G, Gu T. Anhydride-Based Compound with Tunable Redox Properties as Advanced Organic Cathodes for High-Performance Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:49447-49457. [PMID: 37846901 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c12163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Organic materials with multiple active sites and flexible structural designs are becoming popular for use in aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs). However, their applicability is limited due to the low specific capacity and poor cycle stability originating from the introduction of inactive units and high solubility. Herein, three organic molecules with tunable redox properties were synthesized using anhydride (PMDA, 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic anhydride-1,2-diaminoanthraquinone, NTCDA, 1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride-1,2-diaminoanthraquinone, and PTCDA, 3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride-1,2-diaminoanthraquinone, referred to as PM12, NT12, and PT12) in the solid-phase method. Density functional theory (DFT) simulations and experiments identified that NT12 exhibits superior electrochemical performance compared with PM12 and PT12 because of the low energy gap and large aromatic conjugated structure. They demonstrated specific capacities of 106.7, 192.9, and 124.9 mA h g-1 at 0.05 A g-1, respectively. Especially, NT12 displayed excellent initial specific capacity (85.4 mA h g-1 at 1 A g-1) and remarkable capacity retention (64.1% for 3000 cycles) due to dual active centers (C═N and C═O). The all-NT12 full-cell also had excellent performance (127.1 mA h g-1 under 1 A g-1 and 80.6% over 200 cycles). The organic compounds synthesized in this work have potential applications of AZIBs, highlighting the importance of molecular design to develop the next generation of advanced materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, Xinjiang, China
| | - Heng Lv
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, Xinjiang, China
| | - Lulu Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jiahao Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, Xinjiang, China
| | - Haijiao Xie
- Hangzhou Yanqu Information Technology Co., Ltd. Y2, second Floor, Building 2, Xixi Legu Creative Pioneering Park, No. 712 Wen'er West Road, Xihu, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, Xinjiang, China
| | - Tiantian Gu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, Xinjiang, China
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Lv H, Wang J, Gao X, Wang Y, Shen Y, Liu P, Wang G, Chen L, Gu T. Electrochemical Performance and Mechanism of Bimetallic Organic Framework for Advanced Aqueous Zn Ion Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:47094-47102. [PMID: 37769112 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c10552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Widespread interest has been generated by aqueous zinc batteries (AZIBs), which have excellent theoretical capacities (820 mA h g-1), a low redox potential (-0.76 V vs SHE of Zn metal), and high security. Suitable cathodes for constructing high performance AZIBs are of great signification. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with adjustable structure via metals and organic units show great potential in AZIBs. In this work, ZnMn-Squaric acid (ZnMn-SQ) was synthesized using squaric acid through coprecipitation and served as the cathode for AZIBs. The ZnMn-SQ electrode demonstrated a high capacity of 489.1 mA h g-1 at 0.2 A g-1. Meanwhile, ZnMn-SQ can obtain 80.7 mA h g-1 after 1300 cycles, showing an outstanding long cycle life. More importantly, ex situ characterizations of XRD, XPS, and FT-IR revealed that ZnMn-SQ undergoes a structural transformation from the initial ZnMn-SQ framework to manganese oxide accompanied by Zn-SQ and then reduced to MnOOH, ZnMn2O4, and Zn4SO4(OH)6·5H2O (ZHS) in subsequent cycles. In addition, a modified zinc anode using cubic porous Zn-SQ-3d was used to construct ZnMn-SQ // Zn-SQ-3d@Zn(Zn-SQ-3d-coated Zn) high performance AZIBs, the capacity of which reaches 171.3 mA h g-1 at 1 A g-1 after 660 cycles. This work provided chances for constructing high-performance zinc ion batteries using MOF compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Lv
- Key Laboratory for Green Process of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003 Xinjiang, China
| | - Jiali Wang
- Key Laboratory for Green Process of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003 Xinjiang, China
| | - Xinyu Gao
- Key Laboratory for Green Process of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003 Xinjiang, China
| | - Yongwen Wang
- Key Laboratory for Green Process of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003 Xinjiang, China
| | - Yunfei Shen
- Key Laboratory for Green Process of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003 Xinjiang, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Key Laboratory for Green Process of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003 Xinjiang, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Key Laboratory for Green Process of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003 Xinjiang, China
| | - Long Chen
- Key Laboratory for Green Process of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003 Xinjiang, China
| | - Tiantian Gu
- Key Laboratory for Green Process of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003 Xinjiang, China
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