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Mann DS, Kwon SN, Thakur S, Patil P, Jeong KU, Na SI. Suppressing Redox Reactions at the Perovskite-Nickel Oxide Interface with Zinc Nitride to Improve the Performance of Perovskite Solar Cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2311362. [PMID: 38192000 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202311362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
For p-i-n perovskite solar cells (PSCs), nickel oxide (NiOx) hole transport layers (HTLs) are the preferred interfacial layer due to their low cost, high mobility, high transmittance, and stability. However, the redox reaction between the Ni≥3+ and hydroxyl groups in the NiOx and perovskite layer leads to oxidized CH3NH3 + and reacts with PbI in the perovskite, resulting in a large number of non-radiative recombination sites. Among various transition metals, an ultra-thin zinc nitride (Zn3N2) layer on the NiOx surface is chosen to prevent these redox reactions and interfacial issues using a simple solution process at low temperatures. The redox reaction and non-radiative recombination at the interface of the perovskite and NiOx reduce chemically by using interface modifier Zn3N2 to reduce hydroxyl group and defects on the surface of NiOx. A thin layer of Zn3N2 at the NiOx/perovskite interface results in a high Ni3+/Ni2+ ratio and a significant work function (WF), which inhibits the redox reaction and provides a highly aligned energy level with perovskite crystal and rigorous trap-passivation ability. Consequently, Zn3N2-modified NiOx-based PSCs achieve a champion PCE of 21.61%, over the NiOx-based PSCs. After Zn3N2 modification, the PSC can improve stability under several conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilpreet Singh Mann
- Department of Flexible and Printable Electronics and LANL-JBNU Engineering Institute-Korea, Jeonbuk National University, 567, Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Nam Kwon
- Department of Flexible and Printable Electronics and LANL-JBNU Engineering Institute-Korea, Jeonbuk National University, 567, Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Sakshi Thakur
- Department of Flexible and Printable Electronics and LANL-JBNU Engineering Institute-Korea, Jeonbuk National University, 567, Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Pramila Patil
- Department of Flexible and Printable Electronics and LANL-JBNU Engineering Institute-Korea, Jeonbuk National University, 567, Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Un Jeong
- Department of Polymer-Nano Science and Technology, Department of Nano Convergence Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-In Na
- Department of Flexible and Printable Electronics and LANL-JBNU Engineering Institute-Korea, Jeonbuk National University, 567, Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, 54896, Republic of Korea
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Su J, Zheng G, Chen B, Dong P, Ma B, Yao D, Tian N, Peng Y, Wang J, Long F. Evaporated Nickel Oxide Films with Slow Annealing and Interface Modification for Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 38662416 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c00249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Electron-beam-evaporated nickel oxide (NiOx) films are known for their high quality, precise control, and suitability for complex structures in perovskite (PVK) solar cells (PSCs). However, untreated NiOx films have inherent challenges, such as surface defects, relatively low intrinsic conductivity, and shallow valence band maximum, which seriously restrict the efficiency and stability of the devices. To address these challenges, we employ a dual coordination optimization strategy. The strategy includes low heating rate annealing of NiOx films and using an aminoguanidine nitrate spin coating process on the surfaces of NiOx films to strategically modify NiOx films itself and the interface of NiOx/PVK. Under the synergistic effect of this dual optimization method, the quality of the films is significantly improved and its p-type characteristics are enhanced. At the same time, the interface defects and energy level alignment of the films are effectively improved, and the charge extraction ability at the interface is improved. The combined treatment significantly improved the efficiency of inverted PSCs, from 17.85% to 20.31%, and enhanced device stability under various conditions. This innovative dual-coordinated optimization strategy provides a clear and effective framework for improving the performance of NiOx films and inverted PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiale Su
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Material and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Guoyuan Zheng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Material and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploration of Nonferrous Metal Deposits and Efficient Utilization of Resources, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Bitao Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Material and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Pengpeng Dong
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Material and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Bin Ma
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Material and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Disheng Yao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Material and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploration of Nonferrous Metal Deposits and Efficient Utilization of Resources, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Nan Tian
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Material and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Yong Peng
- State Key Lab of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Jilin Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Material and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploration of Nonferrous Metal Deposits and Efficient Utilization of Resources, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Fei Long
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Material and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploration of Nonferrous Metal Deposits and Efficient Utilization of Resources, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
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Zhang X, Eurelings S, Bracesco A, Song W, Lenaers S, Van Gompel W, Krishna A, Aernouts T, Lutsen L, Vanderzande D, Creatore M, Zhan Y, Kuang Y, Poortmans J. Surface Modulation via Conjugated Bithiophene Ammonium Salt for Efficient Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:46803-46811. [PMID: 37755314 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c08119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
The metal halide perovskite absorbers are prone to surface defects, which severely limit the power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) and the operational stability of the perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, trace amounts of bithiophene propylammonium iodide (bi-TPAI) are applied to modulate the surface properties of the gas-quenched perovskite. It is found that the bi-TPAI surface treatment has negligible impact on the perovskite morphology, but it can induce a defect passivation effect and facilitate the charge carrier extraction, contributing to the gain in the open-circuit voltage (Voc) and fill factor. As a result, the PCE of the gas-quenched sputtered NiOx-based inverted PSCs is enhanced from the initial 20.0% to 22.0%. Most importantly, the bi-TPAI treatment can largely alleviate or even eliminate the burn-in process during the maximum power point tracking measurement, improving the operational stability of the devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Center for Micro Nano Systems, School of Information Science and Technology (SIST), Fudan University, Handan 220, Shanghai 200433, China
- Academy for Engineering & Technology (FAET), Fudan University, Handan 220, Shanghai 200433, China
- Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 10, Leuven 3001, Belgium
- Imec, imo-imomec, Thin Film PV Technology-partner in Solliance, Thor Park 8320, Genk 3600, Belgium
- EnergyVille, imo-imomec, Thor Park 8320, Genk 3600, Belgium
| | - Stijn Eurelings
- Plasma & Materials Processing, Department of Applied Physics and Science of Education, Eindhoven University of Technology (TU/e), P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Andrea Bracesco
- Plasma & Materials Processing, Department of Applied Physics and Science of Education, Eindhoven University of Technology (TU/e), P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Wenya Song
- Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 10, Leuven 3001, Belgium
- Imec, imo-imomec, Thin Film PV Technology-partner in Solliance, Thor Park 8320, Genk 3600, Belgium
- EnergyVille, imo-imomec, Thor Park 8320, Genk 3600, Belgium
- Hasselt University, imo-imomec, Martelarenlaan 42, Hasselt 3500, Belgium
| | - Stijn Lenaers
- Hasselt University, imo-imomec, Martelarenlaan 42, Hasselt 3500, Belgium
| | - Wouter Van Gompel
- Hasselt University, imo-imomec, Martelarenlaan 42, Hasselt 3500, Belgium
| | - Anurag Krishna
- Imec, imo-imomec, Thin Film PV Technology-partner in Solliance, Thor Park 8320, Genk 3600, Belgium
- EnergyVille, imo-imomec, Thor Park 8320, Genk 3600, Belgium
- Hasselt University, imo-imomec, Martelarenlaan 42, Hasselt 3500, Belgium
| | - Tom Aernouts
- Imec, imo-imomec, Thin Film PV Technology-partner in Solliance, Thor Park 8320, Genk 3600, Belgium
- EnergyVille, imo-imomec, Thor Park 8320, Genk 3600, Belgium
- Hasselt University, imo-imomec, Martelarenlaan 42, Hasselt 3500, Belgium
| | - Laurence Lutsen
- EnergyVille, imo-imomec, Thor Park 8320, Genk 3600, Belgium
- Hasselt University, imo-imomec, Martelarenlaan 42, Hasselt 3500, Belgium
| | - Dirk Vanderzande
- EnergyVille, imo-imomec, Thor Park 8320, Genk 3600, Belgium
- Hasselt University, imo-imomec, Martelarenlaan 42, Hasselt 3500, Belgium
| | - Mariadriana Creatore
- Plasma & Materials Processing, Department of Applied Physics and Science of Education, Eindhoven University of Technology (TU/e), P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven 5600 MB, The Netherlands
- Eindhoven Institute of Renewable Energy Systems (EIRES), Eindhoven 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Yiqiang Zhan
- Center for Micro Nano Systems, School of Information Science and Technology (SIST), Fudan University, Handan 220, Shanghai 200433, China
- Academy for Engineering & Technology (FAET), Fudan University, Handan 220, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yinghuan Kuang
- Imec, imo-imomec, Thin Film PV Technology-partner in Solliance, Thor Park 8320, Genk 3600, Belgium
- EnergyVille, imo-imomec, Thor Park 8320, Genk 3600, Belgium
- Hasselt University, imo-imomec, Martelarenlaan 42, Hasselt 3500, Belgium
| | - Jef Poortmans
- Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 10, Leuven 3001, Belgium
- Imec, imo-imomec, Thin Film PV Technology-partner in Solliance, Thor Park 8320, Genk 3600, Belgium
- EnergyVille, imo-imomec, Thor Park 8320, Genk 3600, Belgium
- Hasselt University, imo-imomec, Martelarenlaan 42, Hasselt 3500, Belgium
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