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Das S, Chowdhury A, Ali SW. Wearable, Machine Washable, Breathable Polyethylenimine/Sodium Alginate Layer-by-Layer-Coated Cotton-Based Multifunctional Triboelectric Nanogenerators. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:31098-31113. [PMID: 38845418 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c03778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Cotton-based textiles are ubiquitous in daily life and are prime candidates for application in wearable triboelectric nanogenerators. However, pristine cotton is vulnerable to bacterial attack, lacks antioxidant and ultraviolet (UV)-protective abilities, and shows lower triboelectric charge generation against tribonegative materials because it is present in the neutral region of the triboelectric series. To overcome such drawbacks, herein, a facile layer-by-layer method is proposed, involving the deposition of alternate layers of polyethylenimine (PEI) and sodium alginate (SA) on cotton. Such modified fabric remains breathable and flexible, retains its comfort properties, and simultaneously shows multifunctionalities and improved triboelectric output, which are retained even after 50 home laundering cycles. Also, the modified fabric becomes more tribopositive than nylon, silk, and wool. A triboelectric nanogenerator consisting of modified cotton and polyester fabric is proposed that shows a maximum power density of 338 mW/m2. An open-circuit voltage of ∼97.3 V and a short-circuit current of ∼4.59 μA are obtained under 20 N force and 1 Hz tapping frequency. Further, the modified cotton exhibits excellent antibacterial, antioxidant, and UV-protective properties because of the incorporation of PEI, and its moisture management properties are retained due to the presence of sodium alginate in the layer. This study provides a simple yet effective approach to obtaining durable multifunctionalities and improved triboelectric performance in cotton substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srijan Das
- Department of Textile and Fibre Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Anupam Chowdhury
- Department of Textile and Fibre Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Syed Wazed Ali
- Department of Textile and Fibre Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
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Shao B, Chen Z, Su H, Peng S, Song M. The Latest Advances in Ink-Based Nanogenerators: From Materials to Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6152. [PMID: 38892343 PMCID: PMC11172637 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Nanogenerators possess the capability to harvest faint energy from the environment. Among them, thermoelectric (TE), triboelectric, piezoelectric (PE), and moisture-enabled nanogenerators represent promising approaches to micro-nano energy collection. These nanogenerators have seen considerable progress in material optimization and structural design. Printing technology has facilitated the large-scale manufacturing of nanogenerators. Although inks can be compatible with most traditional functional materials, this inevitably leads to a decrease in the electrical performance of the materials, necessitating control over the rheological properties of the inks. Furthermore, printing technology offers increased structural design flexibility. This review provides a comprehensive framework for ink-based nanogenerators, encompassing ink material optimization and device structural design, including improvements in ink performance, control of rheological properties, and efficient energy harvesting structures. Additionally, it highlights ink-based nanogenerators that incorporate textile technology and hybrid energy technologies, reviewing their latest advancements in energy collection and self-powered sensing. The discussion also addresses the main challenges faced and future directions for development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingqian Shao
- School of Applied Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (B.S.); (Z.C.); (H.S.); (S.P.)
| | - Zhitao Chen
- School of Applied Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (B.S.); (Z.C.); (H.S.); (S.P.)
| | - Hengzhe Su
- School of Applied Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (B.S.); (Z.C.); (H.S.); (S.P.)
| | - Shuzhe Peng
- School of Applied Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (B.S.); (Z.C.); (H.S.); (S.P.)
| | - Mingxin Song
- School of Electronic Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
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Wang Y, Wang X, Nie S, Meng K, Lin Z. Recent Progress of Wearable Triboelectric Nanogenerator-Based Sensor for Pulse Wave Monitoring. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 24:36. [PMID: 38202897 PMCID: PMC10780409 DOI: 10.3390/s24010036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Today, cardiovascular diseases threaten human health worldwide. In clinical practice, it has been concluded that analyzing the pulse waveform can provide clinically valuable information for the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. Accordingly, continuous and accurate monitoring of the pulse wave is essential for the prevention and detection of cardiovascular diseases. Wearable triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are emerging as a pulse wave monitoring biotechnology due to their compelling characteristics, including being self-powered, light-weight, and wear-resistant, as well as featuring user-friendliness and superior sensitivity. Herein, a comprehensive review is conducted on the progress of wearable TENGs for pulse wave monitoring. Firstly, the four modes of operation of TENG are briefly described. Secondly, TENGs for pulse wave monitoring are classified into two categories, namely wearable flexible film-based TENG sensors and textile-based TENG sensors. Next, the materials, fabrication methods, working mechanisms, and experimental performance of various TENG-based sensors are summarized. It concludes by comparing the characteristics of the two types of TENGs and discussing the potential development and challenges of TENG-based sensors in the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases and personalized healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Wang
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Y.W.); (X.W.); (S.N.)
| | - Xiaoke Wang
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Y.W.); (X.W.); (S.N.)
| | - Shijin Nie
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Y.W.); (X.W.); (S.N.)
| | - Keyu Meng
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Changchun University, Changchun 130022, China;
| | - Zhiming Lin
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Y.W.); (X.W.); (S.N.)
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Kulakarni SP, Kumar Das N, Badhulika S. Fabrication of high-performance triboelectric nanogenerator based on Ni 3C nanosheets to self-power thermal patch for pain relief. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 35:015403. [PMID: 37797605 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad0057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we report a vertical contact-separation mode triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG) comprising of Ni3C/PDMS composite and Nylon Nanofibers for self-powering a nichrome wire-based thermal patch for muscular/joint relaxation. An optimised composition of Ni3C (25 wt%) and PDMS as a tribo-negative material and Nylon Nanofibers synthesised via electrospinning on copper electrode foil as a tribo-positive material were used to fabricate the TENG. The fabricated TENG exhibits outstanding output generating an average open circuit voltage of ∼252 V, an average short circuit current of ∼40.87μA and a peak power of ∼562.35μW cm-2at a matching resistance of 20 MΩ by manual tapping. Enhancement in contact area due to electrospun nylon and micro capacitive Ni3C flakes in dielectric PDMS contribute to the exceptional performance of the TENG. The optimised TENG is then connected to a full bridge rectifier with a 100 nF filtering capacitor to convert the AC voltage to a DC output with a peak voltage of ∼5.4 V and a ripple voltage of ∼1.04 V to recharge an ICR 18650 Li-ion battery, which functions as a medium to improve electrical energy flow to the heat patch. The electrical energy is converted into heat energy by a wounded nichrome wire placed inside the heat patch. The nichrome wire of length 3 cm with appropriate number of windings was employed in the heat patch. An increment of 45 °F can be observed by switching the charged Li-ion battery-based circuit ON for just 30 s. The strategy of self-powering a heat patch using this TENG finds enormous applications in physiotherapy and sports to relieve muscle and joint pains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smaran Panth Kulakarni
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 502285, India
| | - Nishat Kumar Das
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 502285, India
| | - Sushmee Badhulika
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 502285, India
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Meena JS, Khanh TD, Jung SB, Kim JW. Self-Repairing and Energy-Harvesting Triboelectric Sensor for Tracking Limb Motion and Identifying Breathing Patterns. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:29486-29498. [PMID: 37296075 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c06060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of health problems stemming from sedentary lifestyles and evolving workplace cultures has placed a substantial burden on healthcare systems. Consequently, remote health wearable monitoring systems have emerged as essential tools to track individuals' health and well-being. Self-powered triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have exhibited significant potential for use as emerging detection devices capable of recognizing body movements and monitoring breathing patterns. However, several challenges remain to be addressed in order to fulfill the requirements for self-healing ability, air permeability, energy harvesting, and suitable sensing materials. These materials must possess high flexibility, be lightweight, and have excellent triboelectric charging effects in both electropositive and electronegative layers. In this work, we investigated self-healable electrospun polybutadiene-based urethane (PBU) as a positive triboelectric layer and titanium carbide (Ti3C2Tx) MXene as a negative triboelectric layer for the fabrication of an energy-harvesting TENG device. PBU consists of maleimide and furfuryl components as well as hydrogen bonds that trigger the Diels-Alder reaction, contributing to its self-healing properties. Moreover, this urethane incorporates a multitude of carbonyl and amine groups, which create dipole moments in both the stiff and the flexible segments of the polymer. This characteristic positively influences the triboelectric qualities of PBU by facilitating electron transfer between contacting materials, ultimately resulting in high output performance. We employed this device for sensing applications to monitor human motion and breathing pattern recognition. The soft and fibrous-structured TENG generates a high and stable open-circuit voltage of up to 30 V and a short-circuit current of 4 μA at an operation frequency of 4.0 Hz, demonstrating remarkable cyclic stability. A significant feature of our TENG is its self-healing ability, which allows for the restoration of its functionality and performance after sustaining damage. This characteristic has been achieved through the utilization of the self-healable PBU fibers, which can be repaired via a simple vapor solvent method. This innovative approach enables the TENG device to maintain optimal performance and continue functioning effectively even after multiple uses. After integration with a rectifier, the TENG can charge various capacitors and power 120 LEDs. Moreover, we employed the TENG as a self-powered active motion sensor, attaching it to the human body to monitor various body movements for energy-harvesting and sensing purposes. Additionally, the device demonstrates the capability to recognize breathing patterns in real time, offering valuable insights into an individual's respiratory health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagan Singh Meena
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Technology, Core Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon 16419, Gyeonggi-do ,Republic of Korea
| | - Tran Duc Khanh
- Department of Smart Fab Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon 16419, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Boo Jung
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon 16419, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Woong Kim
- Department of Smart Fab Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon 16419, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon 16419, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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Newby S, Mirihanage W, Fernando A. Modern Developments for Textile-Based Supercapacitors. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:12613-12629. [PMID: 37065039 PMCID: PMC10099440 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Smart textiles are transforming the future of wearable technology, and due to that, there has been a great deal of new research looking for alternative energy storage. Supercapacitors offer high discharge rates, flexibility, and long life cycles and can be integrated fully into a textile. Optimization of these new systems includes utilizing electrically conductive materials, employing successful electrostatic charge and/or faradaic responses, and fabricating a textile-based energy storage system without disrupting comfort, washability, and life cycle. This paper examines recent developments in fabrication methods and materials used to create textile supercapacitors and what challenges still remain.
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Bairagi S, Khandelwal G, Karagiorgis X, Gokhool S, Kumar C, Min G, Mulvihill DM. High-Performance Triboelectric Nanogenerators Based on Commercial Textiles: Electrospun Nylon 66 Nanofibers on Silk and PVDF on Polyester. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:44591-44603. [PMID: 36150147 PMCID: PMC9542703 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c13092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
A high-performance textile triboelectric nanogenerator is developed based on the common commercial fabrics silk and polyester (PET). Electrospun nylon 66 nanofibers were used to boost the tribo-positive performance of silk, and a poly(vinylidene difluoride) (PVDF) coating was deployed to increase the tribo-negativity of PET. The modifications confer a very significant boost in performance: output voltage and short-circuit current density increased ∼17 times (5.85 to 100 V) and ∼16 times (1.6 to 24.5 mA/m2), respectively, compared with the Silk/PET baseline. The maximum power density was 280 mW/m2 at a 4 MΩ resistance. The performance boost likely results from enhancing the tribo-positivity (and tribo-negativity) of the contact layers and from increased contact area facilitated by the electrospun nanofibers. Excellent stability and durability were demonstrated: the nylon nanofibers and PVDF coating provide high output, while the silk and PET substrate fabrics confer strength and flexibility. Rapid capacitor charging rates of 0.045 V/s (2 μF), 0.031 V/s (10 μF), and 0.011 V/s (22 μF) were demonstrated. Advantages include high output, a fully textile structure with excellent flexibility, and construction based on cost-effective commercial fabrics. The device is ideal as a power source for wearable electronic devices, and the approach can easily be deployed for other textiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satyaranjan Bairagi
- Materials
and Manufacturing Research Group, James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K.
| | - Gaurav Khandelwal
- Bendable
Electronics and Sensing Technologies (BEST) Group, James Watt School
of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K.
| | - Xenofon Karagiorgis
- Bendable
Electronics and Sensing Technologies (BEST) Group, James Watt School
of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K.
| | - Shravan Gokhool
- Materials
and Manufacturing Research Group, James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K.
| | - Charchit Kumar
- Materials
and Manufacturing Research Group, James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K.
| | - Guanbo Min
- Bendable
Electronics and Sensing Technologies (BEST) Group, James Watt School
of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K.
| | - Daniel M. Mulvihill
- Materials
and Manufacturing Research Group, James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K.
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