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Liu T, Tang X, Zeng Y, Li Y, Jing C, Ling F, Yang H, Zhou X. C-Rich Carbon Nitride Conjugated Polymer Enabling Ion-Migration-Induced Precise Electrochromic Display. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 38050907 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c15567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
The development of electrochromic (EC) displays has been in the challenge of displaying precise patterns, such as characters or high-resolution images of small size. High-performance EC materials as well as efficient, precise-display strategies are still urgent. To enable a microfactor-guided strategy for highly precise display, I3-/I- ion-migration-induced localized electrochromism is developed in an EC device based on the C-rich polymeric carbon nitride (CPCN). The CPCN material with an extended conjugated backbone of individual aromatic nuclei and heptazine rings has been reported possessing remarkable photorechargeable performance. Owing to the self-charging behavior, the CPCN exhibits color switching by the interfacial charge recombination with I3- ions in electrolyte and serves as the EC material with a coloration efficiency of 210.2 cm2 C-1 and an optical contrast of 48.6%. Material synthesis, electrode preparation, device design and fabrication, mechanism analysis, and performance evaluation of the CPCN-based EC display device are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Liu
- School of Science, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
| | - Xiao Tang
- School of Science, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
| | - Yue Zeng
- School of Science, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
| | - Yanhong Li
- School of Science, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
| | - Chuan Jing
- School of Science, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
| | - Faling Ling
- School of Science, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
| | - Hongmei Yang
- School of Science, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
| | - Xianju Zhou
- School of Science, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
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Chen J, Song G, Cong S, Zhao Z. Resonant-Cavity-Enhanced Electrochromic Materials and Devices. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2300179. [PMID: 36929668 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202300179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
With rapid advances in optoelectronics, electrochromic materials and devices have received tremendous attentions from both industry and academia for their strong potentials in wearable and portable electronics, displays/billboards, adaptive camouflage, tunable optics, and intelligent devices, etc. However, conventional electrochromic materials and devices typically present some serious limitations such as undesirable dull colors, and long switching time, hindering their deeper development. Optical resonators have been proven to be the most powerful platform for providing strong optical confinement and controllable lightmatter interactions. They generate locally enhanced electromagnetic near-fields that can convert small refractive index changes in electrochromic materials into high-contrast color variations, enabling multicolor or even panchromatic tuning of electrochromic materials. Here, resonant-cavity-enhanced electrochromic materials and devices, an advanced and emerging trend in electrochromics, are reviewed. In this review, w e will focus on the progress in multicolor electrochromic materials and devices based on different types of optical resonators and their advanced and emerging applications, including multichromatic displays, adaptive visible camouflage, visualized energy storage, and applications of multispectral tunability. Among these topics, principles of optical resonators, related materials/devices and multicolor electrochromic properties are comprehensively discussed and summarized. Finally, the challenges and prospects for resonant-cavity-enhanced electrochromic materials and devices are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Chen
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- Key Lab of Nanodevices and Applications, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Ge Song
- Key Lab of Nanodevices and Applications, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Shan Cong
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- Key Lab of Nanodevices and Applications, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Zhigang Zhao
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- Key Lab of Nanodevices and Applications, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
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Jiang C, Ge R, Bian C, Chen L, Wang X, Zheng Y, Xu G, Cai G, Xiao X. Multicolored inorganic electrochromic materials: status, challenge, and prospects. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:15450-15471. [PMID: 37721398 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr03192f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Against the backdrop of advocacy for green and low-carbon development, electrochromism has attracted academic and industrial attention as an intelligent and energy-saving applied technology due to its optical switching behavior and its special principles of operation. Inorganic electrochromic materials, represented by transition metal oxides, are considered candidates for the next generation of large-scale electrochromic applied technologies due to their excellent stability. However, the limited color diversity and low color purity of these materials greatly restrict their development. Starting from the multicolor properties of inorganic electrochromic materials, this review systematically elaborates on recent progress in the aspects of the intrinsic multicolor of electrochromic materials, and structural multicolor based on the interaction between light and microstructure. Finally, the challenges and opportunities of inorganic electrochromic technology in the field of multicolor are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyu Jiang
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Rui Ge
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Chenchen Bian
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| | - Lirong Chen
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xingru Wang
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yang Zheng
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Gang Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Guofa Cai
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| | - Xiudi Xiao
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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