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Duan W, Mu Y, Mo X, Wang Z, Zhang T, Ho YYL, Lyu D, Zhang D, Zhao R, Tse ECM, Gao Y, Wu H, Wang Y. Chemical Auxiliary for Photocatalytic Active Colloids. J Am Chem Soc 2024. [PMID: 39254864 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c10100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
Active colloids with the ability to self-propel and collectively organize are emerging as indispensable elements in microrobotics and soft matter physics. For chemically powered colloids, their activity is often induced by gradients of chemical species in the particle's vicinity. The direct manipulation of these gradients, however, presents a considerable challenge, thereby limiting the extent to which active colloids can be controlled. Here, we introduce a series of rationally designed molecules, denoted as chemical auxiliary (CA), that intervene with specific chemical gradients and thus unveil new capabilities for regulating the behaviors of photocatalytic active colloids. We show that CA can alter the diffusiophoretic and osmotic interactions between active colloids and their subsequent self-organization. Also, CA can tune the self-propulsion of active particles, enabling a record high propulsion speed of over 100 μm/s and endowing high salt tolerance. Furthermore, CA is instrumental in establishing dynamic, competing gradients around active particles, which signifies an in situ, noninvasive, and reversible strategy for reconfiguring between modes of colloidal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendi Duan
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Yijiang Mu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Xiaoyong Mo
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Zhisheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Tianran Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Yannis Yan Lum Ho
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Dengping Lyu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Dongwei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Runkai Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Edmund Chun Ming Tse
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Yongxiang Gao
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325001, China
| | - Yufeng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong 999077, China
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Mu Y, Tran HH, Xiang Z, Majumder A, Hsu E, Steager E, Koo H, Lee D. Spiky Magnetic Microparticles Synthesized from Microrod-Stabilized Pickering Emulsion. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2402292. [PMID: 38864236 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202402292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Tailoring the microstructure of magnetic microparticles is of vital importance for their applications. Spiky magnetic particles, such as those made from sunflower pollens, have shown promise in single cell treatment and biofilm removal. Synthetic methods that can replicate or extend the functionality of such spiky particles would be advantageous for their widespread utilization. In this work, a wet-chemical method is introduced for spiky magnetic particles that are templated from microrod-stabilized Pickering emulsions. The spiky morphology is generated by the upright attachment of silica microrods at the oil-water interface of oil droplets. Spiky magnetic microparticles with control over the length of the spikes are obtained by dispersing hydrophobic magnetic nanoparticles in the oil phase and photopolymerizing the monomer. The spiky morphology dramatically enhances colloidal stability of these particles in high ionic strength solutions and physiologic media such as human saliva and saline-based biofilm suspension. To demonstrate their utility, the spiky magnetic particles are applied for magnetically controlled removal of oral biofilms and retrieval of bacteria for diagnostic sampling. This method expands the toolbox for engineering microparticle morphology and could promote the fabrication of functional magnetic microrobots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijiang Mu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Hong-Huy Tran
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Zhenting Xiang
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Anirban Majumder
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Emery Hsu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Edward Steager
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Hyun Koo
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Daeyeon Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
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Mu Y, Duan W, Dai Y, Sullivan PA, Deravi LF, Wang Y, Lee D. Colloidal synthesis of metallodielectric Janus matchsticks. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:5534-5537. [PMID: 38695749 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc00488d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
We present a gram-scale synthesis of metallodielectric Janus matchsticks, which feature a gold-coated silica sphere and a silica rod. SiO2 Janus matchsticks are synthesized in one batch by growing amine-functionalized SiO2 spheres at the end of SiO2 rods. Gold deposition on the spheres produces Au-SiO2 Janus matchsticks with an aspect ratio controlled by the rod length. The metallodielectric Janus matchsticks, produced by scalable colloidal synthesis, hold great potential as functional colloidal materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijiang Mu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, USA.
| | - Wendi Duan
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuxuan Dai
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, USA.
| | - Patrick A Sullivan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Leila F Deravi
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yufeng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Daeyeon Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, USA.
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Bujalance-Fernández J, Jurado-Sánchez B, Escarpa A. The rise of metal-organic framework based micromotors. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:10464-10475. [PMID: 37580970 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc02775a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Micromotors (MMs) are micro and nanoscale devices capable of converting energy into autonomous motion. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are crystalline materials that display exceptional properties such as high porosity, internal surface areas, and high biocompatibility. As such, MOFs have been used as active materials or building blocks for MMs. In this highlight, we describe the evolution of MOF-based MMs, focusing on the last 3 years. First, we covered the main propulsion mechanisms and designs, from catalytic to fuel-free MOF-based MMs. Secondly, we discuss recent applications of new fuel-free MOFs MM to give a critical overview of the current challenges of this blooming research field. The advantages and challenges discussed provide a useful guide for the design of the next generation MOF MMs toward real-world applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Bujalance-Fernández
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Alcala, Alcala de Henares, Madrid, E-28871, Spain.
| | - Beatriz Jurado-Sánchez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Alcala, Alcala de Henares, Madrid, E-28871, Spain.
- Chemical Research Institute "Andres M. del Rio", University of Alcala, Alcala de Henares, Madrid, E-28871, Spain
| | - Alberto Escarpa
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Alcala, Alcala de Henares, Madrid, E-28871, Spain.
- Chemical Research Institute "Andres M. del Rio", University of Alcala, Alcala de Henares, Madrid, E-28871, Spain
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Geng D, Chen L, Du S, Yang X, Wang H, Zhang Z. A Versatile Method for Synthesis of Light-Activated, Magnet-Steerable Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Active Colloids. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28073048. [PMID: 37049812 PMCID: PMC10095668 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28073048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The immense potential of active colloids in practical applications and fundamental research calls for an efficient method to synthesize active colloids of high uniformity. Herein, a facile method is reported to synthesize uniform organic–inorganic hybrid active colloids based on the wetting effect of polystyrene (PS) with photoresponsive inorganic nanoparticles in a tetrahydrofuran/water mixture. The results show that a range of dimer active colloids can be produced by using different inorganic components, such as AgCl, ZnO, TiO2, and Fe2O3 nanoparticles. Moreover, the strategy provides a simple way to prepare dual-drive active colloids by a rational selection of the starting organic materials, such as magnetic PS particles that result in light and magnet dual-drive active colloids. The motions of these active colloids are quantified, and well-controlled movements are demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dejia Geng
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Lei Chen
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Sinan Du
- Centre for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research, Institute for Advanced Study, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Xiang Yang
- Centre for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research, Institute for Advanced Study, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Huaguang Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- Correspondence: (H.W.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Zexin Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- Centre for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research, Institute for Advanced Study, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
- Correspondence: (H.W.); (Z.Z.)
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