Green Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Aqueous Extracts of Ageratum Conyzoides and Their Anti-Inflammatory Effects

Network pharmacology, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulation analysis reveal the molecular mechanism of halociline against gastric cancer

Halociline, a derivative of alkaloids, was isolated from the marine fungus Penicillium griseofulvum by our group. This remarkable compound exhibits promising antineoplastic activity, yet the precise molecular mechanisms underlying its anticancer properties remain enigmatic. To unravel these mechanisms, we employed an integrated approach of network pharmacology analysis, molecular docking simulations, and molecular dynamics simulations to explore halociline therapeutic targets for gastric cancer. The data from network pharmacology indicate that halociline targets MAPK1, MMP-9, and PIK3CA in gastric cancer cells, potentially mediated by diverse pathways including cancer, lipid metabolism, atherosclerosis, and EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance. Notably, molecular docking and dynamics simulations revealed a high affinity between halociline and these targets, with free binding energies (ΔEtotal) of - 20.28, - 27.94, and - 25.97 kcal/mol for MAPK1, MMP-9, and PIK3CA, respectively. This study offers valuable insights into the potential molecular mechanism of halociline's inhibition of gastric cancer cells and serves as a valuable reference for future basic research efforts.

cFLIPL alleviates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by regulating pyroptosis

Alleviating myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) plays a critical role in the prognosis and improvement of cardiac function following acute myocardial infarction. Pyroptosis is a newly identified form of cell death that has been implicated in the regulation of MIRI. In our study, H9c2 cells and SD rats were transfected using a recombinant adenovirus vector carrying cFLIPL , and the transfection was conducted for 3 days. Subsequently, H9c2 cells were subjected to 4 h of hypoxia followed by 12 h of reoxygenation to simulate an in vitro ischemia-reperfusion model. SD rats underwent 30 min of ischemia followed by 2 h of reperfusion to establish an MIRI model. Our findings revealed a notable decrease in cFLIPL expression in response to ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) and hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injuries. Overexpression of cFLIPL can inhibit pyroptosis, reducing myocardial infarction area in vivo, and enhancing H9c2 cell viability in vitro. I/R and H/R injuries induced the upregulation of ASC, cleaved Caspase 1, NLRP3, GSDMD-N, IL-1β, and IL-18 proteins, promoting cell apoptosis. Our research indicates that cFLIPL may suppress pyroptosis by strategically binding with Caspase 1, inhibiting the release of inflammatory cytokines and preventing cell membrane rupture. Therefore, cFLIPL could potentially serve as a promising target for alleviating MIRI by suppressing the pyroptotic pathway.

Topical Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Bioengineered Juglans regia L. Silver Nanoparticles

<b>Background and Objective:</b> Research has demonstrated the antibacterial, anti-angiogenetic, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anticancer and antioxidant properties of colloidal silver due to its biological, optical and electrical properties. The aim of this study was the anti-inflammatory effect of the silver bioengineered nanoparticles by using the acetonitrile-unripe fruit extract of <i>Juglans regia</i> L., on experimental animal model. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> The study uses various techniques to characterize nanoparticles, including ultraviolet spectra, dynamic light scattering and Fourier transform infrared. The study used carrageenan-induced rat paw edema as an induction model for inflammation and assessed its antinociceptive effects in mice using the formalin test. As well as evaluation of proinflammatory cytokines IL-6, TNF and IL-1. <b>Results:</b> The produced AgNPs were more compact and stable, according to physical characterization methods compared to chemical prepared nanoparticles. The formulation combining unripe fruit bio-reduced nanoparticles and extract, UF, shows a greater acute anti-inflammatory effect, while leaf extract has a better late anti-inflammatory effect. These bioengineered nanoparticles show efficient <i>in vivo</i> anti-acute inflammation, reducing skin inflammation through decreased cellular infiltrates and cytokine release. <b>Conclusion:</b> <i>Juglans regia</i> L., extract and silver nanoparticles show notable effects in both the early and late stages of the antinociceptive formalin test. While, bioengineered NP/UF and NP/LV can be used as topical analgesics. The potent topical anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of these medications provide a sufficient basis for the use of this plant material in dermatological products.

The NLRP3 inflammasome: contributions to inflammation-related diseases

The NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is a protein complex that regulates innate immune responses by activating caspase-1 and the inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18. Multiple studies have demonstrated the importance of the NLRP3 inflammasome in the development of immune and inflammation-related diseases, including arthritis, Alzheimer's disease, inflammatory bowel disease, and other autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases. This review first explains the activation and regulatory mechanism of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Secondly, we focus on the role of the NLRP3 inflammasome in various inflammation-related diseases. Finally, we look forward to new methods for targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome to treat inflammation-related diseases, and provide new ideas for clinical treatment.