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Tomer VK, Dias OAT, Gouda AM, Malik R, Sain M. Advancing lithium-sulfur battery efficiency: utilizing a 2D/2D g-C 3N 4@MXene heterostructure to enhance sulfur evolution reactions and regulate polysulfides under lean electrolyte conditions. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2024; 11:3090-3103. [PMID: 38655684 DOI: 10.1039/d4mh00200h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs) show promise for achieving a high energy density of 500 W h kg-1, despite challenges such as poor cycle life and low energy efficiency due to sluggish redox kinetics of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) and sulfur's electronic insulating nature. We present a novel 2D Ti3C2 Mxene on a 2D graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) heterostructure designed to enhance LiPS conversion kinetics and adsorption capacity. In a pouch cell configuration with lean electrolyte conditions (∼5 μL mg-1), the g-C3N4-Mx/S cathode exhibited excellent rate performance, delivering ∼1061 mA h g-1 at C/8 and retaining ∼773 mA h g-1 after 190 cycles with a Coulombic efficiency (CE) of 92.7%. The battery maintained a discharge capacity of 680 mA h g-1 even at 1.25 C. It operated reliably at an elevated sulfur loading of 5.9 mg cm-2, with an initial discharge capacity of ∼900 mA h g-1 and a sustained CE of over 83% throughout 190 cycles. Postmortem XPS and EIS analyses elucidated charge-discharge cycle-induced changes, highlighting the potential of this heterostructured cathode for commercial garnet LSB development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay K Tomer
- Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
| | | | - Abdelaziz M Gouda
- Solar Fuels Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Ritu Malik
- Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
| | - Mohini Sain
- Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
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Liang Z, Peng C, Shen J, Yuan J, Yang Y, Xue D, Zhu M, Liu J. Spontaneous Built-In Electric Field in C 3N 4-CoSe 2 Modified Multifunctional Separator with Accelerating Sulfur Evolution Kinetics and Li Deposition for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2309717. [PMID: 38054621 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202309717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of the heterostructures that is combining two materials with different properties has brought new opportunities for the development of lithium sulfur batteries (LSBs). Here, C3N4-CoSe2 composite is elaborately designed and used as a functional coating on the LSBs separator. The abundant chemisorption sites of C3N4-CoSe2 form chemical bonding with polysulfides, provides suitable adsorption energy for lithium polysulfides (LiPSs). More importantly, the spontaneously formed internal electric field accelerates the charge flow in the C3N4-CoSe2 interface, thus facilitating the transport of LiPSs and electrons and promoting the bidirectional conversion of sulfur. Meanwhile, the lithiophilic C3N4-CoSe2 sample with catalytic activity can effectively regulate the uniform distribution of lithium when Li+ penetrates the separator, avoiding the formation of lithium dendrites in the lithium (Li) metal anode. Therefore, LSBs based on C3N4-CoSe2 functionalized membranes exhibit a stable long cycle life at 1C (with capacity decay of 0.0819% per cycle) and a large areal capacity of 10.30 mAh cm-2 at 0.1C (sulfur load: 8.26 mg cm-2, lean electrolyte 5.4 µL mgs -1). Even under high-temperature conditions of 60 °C, a capacity retention rate of 81.8% after 100 cycles at 1 C current density is maintained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Liang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Storage Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, P. R. China
| | - Chao Peng
- Multiscale Crystal Materials Research Center, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Jiadong Shen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Storage Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, P. R. China
| | - Jujun Yuan
- Key Laboratory of New Energy Materials and Low Carbon Technologies, College of Physics and Electronics, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, P. R. China
| | - Yan Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Storage Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, P. R. China
| | - Dongfeng Xue
- Multiscale Crystal Materials Research Center, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Min Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Storage Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, P. R. China
| | - Jun Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Storage Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, P. R. China
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