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Kulikova T, Shamagsumova R, Rogov A, Stoikov I, Padnya P, Shiabiev I, Evtugyn G. Electrochemical DNA-Sensor Based on Macrocyclic Dendrimers with Terminal Amino Groups and Carbon Nanomaterials. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:4761. [PMID: 37430675 DOI: 10.3390/s23104761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
The assembling of thiacalix[4]arene-based dendrimers in cone, partial cone, and 1,3-alternate configuration on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode coated with carbon black or multiwalled carbon nanotubes has been characterized using cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Native and damaged DNA were electrostatically accumulated on the modifier layer. The influence of the charge of the redox indicator and of the macrocycle/DNA ratio was quantified and the roles of the electrostatic interactions and of the diffusional transfer of the redox indicator to the electrode interface indicator access were established. The developed DNA sensors were tested on discrimination of native, thermally denatured, and chemically damaged DNA and on the determination of doxorubicin as the model intercalator. The limit of detection of doxorubicin established for the biosensor based on multi-walled carbon nanotubes was equal to 1.0 pM with recovery from spiked human serum of 105-120%. After further optimization of the assembling directed towards the stabilization of the signal, the developed DNA sensors can find application in the preliminary screening of antitumor drugs and thermal damage of DNA. They can also be applied for testing potential drug/DNA nanocontainers as future delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatjana Kulikova
- A.M. Butlerov' Chemistry Institute, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlevskaya Street, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Rezeda Shamagsumova
- A.M. Butlerov' Chemistry Institute, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlevskaya Street, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Alexey Rogov
- Interdisciplinary Center of Analytical Microscopy, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlevskaya Street, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Ivan Stoikov
- A.M. Butlerov' Chemistry Institute, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlevskaya Street, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Pavel Padnya
- A.M. Butlerov' Chemistry Institute, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlevskaya Street, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Igor Shiabiev
- A.M. Butlerov' Chemistry Institute, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlevskaya Street, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Gennady Evtugyn
- A.M. Butlerov' Chemistry Institute, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlevskaya Street, 420008 Kazan, Russia
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Chemical Technology Institute, Ural Federal University, 19 Mira Street, 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia
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2
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Lebrón JA, López-López M, García-Calderón CB, V. Rosado I, Balestra FR, Huertas P, Rodik RV, Kalchenko VI, Bernal E, Moyá ML, López-Cornejo P, Ostos FJ. Multivalent Calixarene-Based Liposomes as Platforms for Gene and Drug Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13081250. [PMID: 34452211 PMCID: PMC8398082 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13081250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The formation of calixarene-based liposomes was investigated, and the characterization of these nanostructures was carried out using several techniques. Four amphiphilic calixarenes were used. The length of the hydrophobic chains attached to the lower rim as well as the nature of the polar group present in the upper rim of the calixarenes were varied. The lipid bilayer was formed with one calixarene and with the phospholipid 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine, DOPE. The cytotoxicity of the liposomes for various cell lines was also studied. From the results obtained, the liposomes formed with the least cytotoxic calixarene, (TEAC12)4, were used as nanocarriers of both nucleic acids and the antineoplastic drug doxorubicin, DOX. Results showed that (TEAC12)4/DOPE/p-EGFP-C1 lipoplexes, of a given composition, can transfect the genetic material, although the transfection efficiency substantially increases in the presence of an additional amount of DOPE as coadjuvant. On the other hand, the (TEAC12)4/DOPE liposomes present a high doxorubicin encapsulation efficiency, and a slow controlled release, which could diminish the side effects of the drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Antonio Lebrón
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Seville, C/Profesor García González 1, 41012 Seville, Spain; (J.A.L.); (E.B.)
| | - Manuel López-López
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Huelva, Campus de El Carmen, Avda. de las Fuerzas Armadas s/n, 21071 Huelva, Spain;
| | - Clara B. García-Calderón
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), University Hospital Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, Avda. Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013 Seville, Spain; (C.B.G.-C.); (I.V.R.)
| | - Ivan V. Rosado
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), University Hospital Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, Avda. Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013 Seville, Spain; (C.B.G.-C.); (I.V.R.)
| | - Fernando R. Balestra
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Seville, C/Profesor García González 1, 41012 Seville, Spain; (F.R.B.); (P.H.)
- Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CABIMER), University of Seville-CSIC-University Pablo de Olavide, Avda. Américo Vespucio 24, 41092 Seville, Spain
| | - Pablo Huertas
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Seville, C/Profesor García González 1, 41012 Seville, Spain; (F.R.B.); (P.H.)
- Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CABIMER), University of Seville-CSIC-University Pablo de Olavide, Avda. Américo Vespucio 24, 41092 Seville, Spain
| | - Roman V. Rodik
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Murmanska Str. 5, 02660 Kiev, Ukraine; (R.V.R.); (V.I.K.)
| | - Vitaly I. Kalchenko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Murmanska Str. 5, 02660 Kiev, Ukraine; (R.V.R.); (V.I.K.)
| | - Eva Bernal
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Seville, C/Profesor García González 1, 41012 Seville, Spain; (J.A.L.); (E.B.)
| | - María Luisa Moyá
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Seville, C/Profesor García González 1, 41012 Seville, Spain; (J.A.L.); (E.B.)
- Correspondence: (M.L.M.); (P.L.-C.); (F.J.O.); Tel.: +34-954-557-175 (M.L.M.)
| | - Pilar López-Cornejo
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Seville, C/Profesor García González 1, 41012 Seville, Spain; (J.A.L.); (E.B.)
- Correspondence: (M.L.M.); (P.L.-C.); (F.J.O.); Tel.: +34-954-557-175 (M.L.M.)
| | - Francisco J. Ostos
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Seville, C/Profesor García González 1, 41012 Seville, Spain; (J.A.L.); (E.B.)
- Correspondence: (M.L.M.); (P.L.-C.); (F.J.O.); Tel.: +34-954-557-175 (M.L.M.)
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3
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Pan Y, Hu X, Guo D. Biomedizinische Anwendungen von Calixarenen: Stand der Wissenschaft und Perspektiven. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201916380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu‐Chen Pan
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education) State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Xin‐Yue Hu
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education) State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Dong‐Sheng Guo
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education) State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
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4
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Pan Y, Hu X, Guo D. Biomedical Applications of Calixarenes: State of the Art and Perspectives. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 60:2768-2794. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201916380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu‐Chen Pan
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education) State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Xin‐Yue Hu
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education) State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Dong‐Sheng Guo
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education) State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
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5
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Ma LL, Liu MX, Liu XY, Sun W, Lu ZL, Gao YG, He L. Macrocyclic polyamine [12]aneN3 modified triphenylamine-pyrazine derivatives as efficient non-viral gene vectors with AIE and two-photon imaging properties. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:3869-3879. [DOI: 10.1039/d0tb00321b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
[12]aneN3 modified triphenylamine-pyrazines as non-viral gene vectors with AIE and two-photon imaging properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le-Le Ma
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceutics
- Ministry of Educatio
- College of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100875
| | - Ming-Xuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceutics
- Ministry of Educatio
- College of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100875
| | - Xu-Ying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceutics
- Ministry of Educatio
- College of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100875
| | - Wan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceutics
- Ministry of Educatio
- College of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100875
| | - Zhong-Lin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceutics
- Ministry of Educatio
- College of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100875
| | - Yong-Guang Gao
- Lab for Bone Metabolism
- Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology
- School of Life Sciences
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- Xi'an
| | - Lan He
- China National Institute for Food and Drug Control
- Institute of Chemical Drug Control
- Beijing
- China
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6
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Kumar R, Sharma A, Singh H, Suating P, Kim HS, Sunwoo K, Shim I, Gibb BC, Kim JS. Revisiting Fluorescent Calixarenes: From Molecular Sensors to Smart Materials. Chem Rev 2019; 119:9657-9721. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Amit Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Hardev Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Paolo Suating
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Hyeong Seok Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Kyoung Sunwoo
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Inseob Shim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Bruce C. Gibb
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Jong Seung Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
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7
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Geng WC, Huang Q, Xu Z, Wang R, Guo DS. Gene delivery based on macrocyclic amphiphiles. Theranostics 2019; 9:3094-3106. [PMID: 31244943 PMCID: PMC6567961 DOI: 10.7150/thno.31914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene therapy, with an important role in biomedicine, often requires vectors for gene condensation in order to avoid degradation, improve membrane permeation, and achieve targeted delivery. Macrocyclic molecules are a family of artificial receptors that can selectively bind a variety of guest species. Amphiphilic macrocycles, particularly those bearing cationic charges and their various assemblies represent a new class of promising non-viral vectors with intrinsic advantages in gene condensation and delivery. The most prominent examples include amphiphilic cyclodextrins, calixarenes and pillararenes. Herein, we systemically reviewed reported assemblies of amphiphilic macrocycles for gene delivery and therapy. The advantages and disadvantages of each type of macrocyclic amphiphiles for gene delivery, as well as the perspectives on the future development of this area are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Chao Geng
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Qiaoxian Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
| | - Zhe Xu
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Ruibing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
| | - Dong-Sheng Guo
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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8
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Gallego-Yerga L, Benito JM, Blanco-Fernández L, Martínez-Negro M, Vélaz I, Aicart E, Junquera E, Ortiz Mellet C, Tros de Ilarduya C, García Fernández JM. Plasmid-Templated Control of DNA-Cyclodextrin Nanoparticle Morphology through Molecular Vector Design for Effective Gene Delivery. Chemistry 2018; 24:3825-3835. [PMID: 29341305 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201705723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Engineering self-assembled superstructures through complexation of plasmid DNA (pDNA) and single-isomer nanometric size macromolecules (molecular nanoparticles) is a promising strategy for gene delivery. Notably, the functionality and overall architecture of the vector can be precisely molded at the atomic level by chemical tailoring, thereby enabling unprecedented opportunities for structure/self-assembling/pDNA delivery relationship studies. Beyond this notion, by judiciously preorganizing the functional elements in cyclodextrin (CD)-based molecular nanoparticles through covalent dimerization, here we demonstrate that the morphology of the resulting nanocomplexes (CDplexes) can be tuned, from spherical to ellipsoidal, rod-type, or worm-like nanoparticles, which makes it possible to gain understanding of their shape-dependent transfection properties. The experimental findings are in agreement with a shift from chelate to cross-linking interactions on going from primary-face- to secondary-face-linked CD dimers, the pDNA partner acting as an active payload and as a template. Most interestingly, the transfection efficiency in different cells was shown to be differently impacted by modifications of the CDplex morphology, which has led to the identification of an optimal prototype for tissue-selective DNA delivery to the spleen in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Gallego-Yerga
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Sevilla, C/ Prof. García González 1, 41012, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Juan M Benito
- Institute for Chemical Research (IIQ), CSIC, University of Sevilla, Av. Américo Vespucio 49, 41092, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Laura Blanco-Fernández
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, University of Navarra, 31080, Pamplona, Spain
| | - María Martínez-Negro
- Department of Physical Chemistry I, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Itziar Vélaz
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Navarra, E-31080, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Emilio Aicart
- Department of Physical Chemistry I, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Junquera
- Department of Physical Chemistry I, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Ortiz Mellet
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Sevilla, C/ Prof. García González 1, 41012, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Conchita Tros de Ilarduya
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, University of Navarra, 31080, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jose M García Fernández
- Institute for Chemical Research (IIQ), CSIC, University of Sevilla, Av. Américo Vespucio 49, 41092, Sevilla, Spain
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9
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Cambón A, Villar-Alvarez E, Alatorre-Meda M, Pardo A, Hiram B, Barbosa S, Taboada P, Mosquera V. Characterization of the complexation phenomenon and biological activity in vitro of polyplexes based on Tetronic T901 and DNA. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 519:58-70. [PMID: 29482097 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.02.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The complexation process and underlying mechanisms that rule the interaction of DNA with the cationic block copolymer Tetronic T901 to form polyplexes and their potential transfection efficiency have been studied under different solution conditions. We noted that T901 favors the formation of self-assembled structures with partially condensed DNA at smaller polymer concentrations than other Pluronic™/Tetronic™-type copolymers previously analysed. The observed polyplexes display sizes from the nano- to the micro- range as derived from DLS, electronic and optical microscopies. Also, copolymer micelles are observed at concentrations below the copolymer critical micellar concentration (cmc) induced by the presence of DNA. The complexation process is dependent on solution conditions, with electrostatic and ionic interactions being more important at acidic pH thanks to the predominant diprotonated form of the block copolymer which is less aggregation-prone, whilst dispersive forces are increasingly enhanced under basic conditions or when rising the solution temperature. Whatever the case, the complexation is mainly governed by entropic contributions, as denoted from ITC data. In vitro transfection experiments after complexing T901 with a pDNA encoding the expression of green fluorescein protein, GFP, show a relative successful fluorescence of transfected HeLa cells, which confirms the uptake, internalization and release of the genetic material within the cells at suitable [N]/[P] ratios with relatively low cytotoxicity. Despite the observed successful outcomes, the obtained transfection efficacies are slightly lower than those obtained with Lipofectamine2000, so further optimization of the polyplex formation conditions is envisaged in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Cambón
- Colloids and Polymers Physics Group, Department of Particle Physics, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Eva Villar-Alvarez
- Colloids and Polymers Physics Group, Department of Particle Physics, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Manuel Alatorre-Meda
- CONACyT-Instituto Tecnológico de Tijuana, Centro de Graduados e Investigación en Química, Blvd. Alberto Limón Padilla S/N, 22510 Tijuana, B.C., Mexico
| | - Alberto Pardo
- Colloids and Polymers Physics Group, Department of Particle Physics, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Baltazar Hiram
- Colloids and Polymers Physics Group, Department of Particle Physics, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain; Departamento de Física, Universidad de Sonora, Rosales y Transversal, 83000 Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Silvia Barbosa
- Colloids and Polymers Physics Group, Department of Particle Physics, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Pablo Taboada
- Colloids and Polymers Physics Group, Department of Particle Physics, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain.
| | - Víctor Mosquera
- Colloids and Polymers Physics Group, Department of Particle Physics, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
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Jiménez Blanco JL, Benito JM, Ortiz Mellet C, García Fernández JM. Molecular nanoparticle-based gene delivery systems. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2017.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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11
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Li F, Li Y, Zhou Z, Lv S, Deng Q, Xu X, Yin L. Engineering the Aromaticity of Cationic Helical Polypeptides toward "Self-Activated" DNA/siRNA Delivery. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:23586-23601. [PMID: 28657294 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b08534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The development of potent yet nontoxic membrane-penetrating materials is in high demand for effective intracellular gene delivery. We have recently developed α-helical polypeptides which afford potent membrane activities to facilitate intracellular DNA delivery via both endocytosis and the nonendocytic "pore formation" mechanism. Endocytosis will cause endosomal entrapment of the DNA cargo, while excessive "pore formation" would cause appreciable cytotoxicity. Additionally, helical polypeptides with stiff, rodlike structure suffer from low siRNA binding affinity. To address such critical issues, we herein incorporated various aromatic domains (benzyl, naphthyl, biphenyl, anthryl, and pyrenyl) into the side-chain terminals of guanidine-rich, helical polypeptides, wherein the flat-rigid shape, π-electronic structures of aromatic motifs "self-activated" the membrane-penetrating capabilities of polypeptides to promote intracellular gene delivery. Benzyl (Bn)- and naphthyl (Naph)-modified polypeptides demonstrated the highest DNA uptake level that outperformed the unmodified polypeptide, P2, by ∼4 fold. More importantly, compared with P2, Bn- and Naph-modified polypeptides allowed more DNA cargos to be internalized via the nonendocytic pathway, which significantly bypassed the endosomal entrapment and accordingly enhanced the transfection efficiency by up to 42 fold, outperforming PEI 25k as the commercial reagent by 3-4 orders of magnitude. The aromatic modification also improved the siRNA condensation capability of polypeptides, achieving notably enhanced gene-silencing efficiency against tumor necrosis factor-α to treat acute hepatic inflammation. Furthermore, we revealed that aromaticity-augmented membrane activity was accompanied by comparable or even significantly reduced "pore formation" capability, thus leading to diminished cytotoxicity at high concentrations. This study therefore provides a promising approach to manipulate the membrane activities and penetration mechanisms of polycations, which overcomes the multiple critical barriers preventing effective and safe gene delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yongjuan Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Zhuchao Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University , Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Shixian Lv
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Qiurong Deng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Lichen Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, China
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Samanta K, Ranade DS, Upadhyay A, Kulkarni PP, Rao CP. A Bimodal, Cationic, and Water-Soluble Calix[4]arene Conjugate: Design, Synthesis, Characterization, and Transfection of Red Fluorescent Protein Encoded Plasmid in Cancer Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:5109-5117. [PMID: 28103012 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b14656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
A new bimodal fluorescent cationic calix[4]arene (L1) conjugate has been synthesized in multiple steps and well characterized by NMR and electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) techniques. L1 has been investigated for its DNA binding ability by various spectroscopy techniques like absorption, fluorescence, and circular dichroism (CD). The formation of L1-DNA complex has been confirmed by the gel electrophoresis in the presence of incremental concentration of L1. To visualize the packing of the plasmid (pBR322), detailed tapping mode atomic force microscopy study has been performed, which revealed blob-like structure of plasmid upon addition of the incremental amount of L1. Concentration dependent transfection ability of L1 has been established in MCF-7 cells by confocal microscopy by carrying the red fluorescent protein (RFP) encoded plasmid pCMV-tdTomato-N1 to emit both intrinsic fluorescence of L1 as well as that from RFP. All this has been possible in the absence of any adjuvant phospholipids (DOPE) that are commonly used as helper. Further transfection efficiency of L1 has been compared with the commercially available lipofectamine (LTX) in two cancer cell lines, MCF 7 and SH-SY5Y, and found that the L1 is as efficient as that of LTX. Hence, L1 is an efficient and effective cargo to transport genetic material into the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kushal Samanta
- Bioinorganic Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Dnyanesh S Ranade
- Bioprospecting Group, Agharkar Research Institute , G. G. Agarkar Road, Pune 411004, India
| | - Aekta Upadhyay
- Bioinorganic Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Prasad P Kulkarni
- Bioprospecting Group, Agharkar Research Institute , G. G. Agarkar Road, Pune 411004, India
| | - Chebrolu Pulla Rao
- Bioinorganic Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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Barrán-Berdón AL, Martínez-Negro M, García-Río L, Domènech Ò, Tros de Ilarduya C, Aicart E, Junquera E. A biophysical study of gene nanocarriers formed by anionic/zwitterionic mixed lipids and pillar[5]arene polycationic macrocycles. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:3122-3131. [DOI: 10.1039/c6tb02939f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A multivalent cationic macrocycle is used as a mediator between plasmid DNAs and anionic lipids (ALs) to build an efficient and safe gene nanocarrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana L. Barrán-Berdón
- Grupo de Química Coloidal y Supramolecular
- Departamento de Química Física I
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid
- 28040 Madrid
| | - María Martínez-Negro
- Grupo de Química Coloidal y Supramolecular
- Departamento de Química Física I
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid
- 28040 Madrid
| | - Luis García-Río
- Departamento de Química Física
- Centro de Investigación en Química Biológica y Materiales Moleculares
- Universidad de Santiago de Compostela
- 15782 Santiago de Compostela
- Spain
| | - Òscar Domènech
- Departamento de Fisicoquímica
- Facultat de Farmàcia
- Universitat de Barcelona
- 08028 Barcelona
- Spain
| | - Conchita Tros de Ilarduya
- Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica
- Facultad de Farmacia
- Universidad de Navarra
- IdiSNA
- Navarra Institute for Health Research
| | - Emilio Aicart
- Grupo de Química Coloidal y Supramolecular
- Departamento de Química Física I
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid
- 28040 Madrid
| | - Elena Junquera
- Grupo de Química Coloidal y Supramolecular
- Departamento de Química Física I
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid
- 28040 Madrid
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Ding AX, Tang Q, Gao YG, Shi YD, Uzair A, Lu ZL. [12]aneN3 Modified Tetraphenylethene Molecules as High-Performance Sensing, Condensing, and Delivering Agents toward DNAs. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:14367-14378. [PMID: 27215542 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b01949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Four [12]aneN3 modified tetraphenylethene (TPE) compounds with different numbers of polyamine units and structure configurations, namely 1, 2, 3, and 4, were designed and synthesized. All compounds showed strong aggregation-induced emission (AIE) features. Compounds 2 and 4 showed significant emission enhancement after the addition of ssDNAs and dsDNAs of different lengths as well as calf thymus DNA (ctDNA). Compounds 1 and 3 showed very poor fluorescent responses toward DNAs. Gel electrophoresis demonstrated the abilities of 1-4 to condense DNA effectively. Complete retardation of plasmid DNA can be achieved at a concentration of 25 μM (1), 8 μM (for 2 and 3) and 4 μM (4). Experiments including fluorescent contrastive titrations, scanning electron microscopy, dynamic laser scattering, EB displacement, and gel electrophoresis demonstrated that the four compounds were able to integrate with DNA through electrostatic interactions and supramolecular stacking. A vicinal configuration around TPE (2) and more triazole-[12]aneN3 recognition sites (4) evidently enhanced the sensing capability toward oligonucleotides, and the TPE unit played an important role in the plasmid DNA condensation process because of its strong binding. With the advantages of low cytotoxicity, effective DNA sensing, and DNA condensing properties, compound 4 was successfully applied as a nonviral DNA vector and fluorescent tracer for label-free gene delivery, which is the first example of a nonviral gene vector with AIE activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Xiang Ding
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875, China
| | - Quan Tang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yong-Guang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875, China
| | - You-Di Shi
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875, China
| | - Alam Uzair
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875, China
| | - Zhong-Lin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875, China
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