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Seo O, Kumara LSR, Kim J, Hiroi S, Kusada K, Kitagawa H, Sakata O. Total x-ray scattering setup for crystalline particles at SPring-8 BL15XU NIMS beamline. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2021; 92:113905. [PMID: 34852505 DOI: 10.1063/5.0067938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We report a total x-ray scattering (TXS) system for structural analysis of crystalline particle materials at the BL15XU NIMS beamline of SPring-8 in Japan. To achieve a high angular resolution over a high Q region up to 25 Å-1, the TXS system was capable of measuring to 120° at an x-ray energy of 29.02 keV with five CdTe pin detectors. The sample alignment and measuring system were controlled by LabView software. The x-ray pair distribution function (PDF) results for Ni bulk powder and Pt and AgRh nanoparticles were successfully simulated by the PDFgui program. In addition, Rietveld refinement results were also obtained from x-ray diffraction patterns, reflecting long-range order in the Pt nanoparticles. We expect that this TXS system may be useful for understanding structural information of crystalline nanoparticles, including amorphous features at their surface region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Okkyun Seo
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - L S R Kumara
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Jaemyung Kim
- Synchrotron X-Ray Group, Research Center for Advanced Measurement and Characterization, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
| | - Satoshi Hiroi
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Kohei Kusada
- Division of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kitagawa
- Division of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Osami Sakata
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
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Hunter KI, Bedford N, Schramke K, Kortshagen UR. Probing Dopant Locations in Silicon Nanocrystals via High Energy X-ray Diffraction and Reverse Monte Carlo Simulation. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:852-859. [PMID: 31869231 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b03025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the locations of dopant atoms in ensembles of nanocrystals is crucial to controlling the dopants' function. While electron microscopy and atom probe tomography methods allow investigation of dopant location for small numbers of nanocrystals, assessing large ensembles has remained a challenge. Here, we are using high energy X-ray diffraction (HE-XRD) and structure reconstruction via reverse Monte Carlo simulation to characterize nanocrystal structure and dopant locations in ensembles of highly boron and phosphorus doped silicon nanocrystals (Si NCs). These plasma-synthesized NCs are a particularly intriguing test system for such an investigation, as elemental analysis suggests that Si NCs can be "hyperdoped" beyond the thermodynamic solubility limit in bulk silicon. Yet, free carrier densities derived from local surface plasmon resonances suggest that only a fraction of dopants are active. We demonstrate that the structural characteristics garnered from HE-XRD and structure reconstruction elucidate dopant location and doping efficacy for doped Si NCs from an atomic-scale perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharine I Hunter
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , University of Minnesota , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455 , United States
| | - Nicholas Bedford
- School of Chemical Engineering , University of New South Wales , Sydney , New South Wales 2052 , Australia
| | - Katelyn Schramke
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , University of Minnesota , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455 , United States
| | - Uwe R Kortshagen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , University of Minnesota , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455 , United States
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Takahashi M, Ohara K, Yamamoto K, Uchiyama T, Tanida H, Itoh T, Imai H, Sugawara S, Shinohara K, Uchimoto Y. Observation of Subsurface Structure of Pt/C Catalyst Using Pair Distribution Function and Simple Modeling Techniques. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2020. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20190256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masakuni Takahashi
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Yoshida Nihonmatsu-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- Diffraction and Scattering Division, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), Sayo, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Koji Ohara
- Diffraction and Scattering Division, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), Sayo, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Kentaro Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Yoshida Nihonmatsu-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Tomoki Uchiyama
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Yoshida Nihonmatsu-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hajime Tanida
- Nissan Analysts and Research Center, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan
| | - Takanori Itoh
- Nissan Analysts and Research Center, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan
| | - Hideto Imai
- Nissan Analysts and Research Center, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan
| | - Seiho Sugawara
- Fuel Cell Cutting-Edge Research Center Technology Research Association, Tokyo 135-0064, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Shinohara
- Fuel Cell Cutting-Edge Research Center Technology Research Association, Tokyo 135-0064, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Uchimoto
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Yoshida Nihonmatsu-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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Harada M, Ikegami R, Kumara LSR, Kohara S, Sakata O. Reverse Monte Carlo modeling for local structures of noble metal nanoparticles using high-energy XRD and EXAFS. RSC Adv 2019; 9:29511-29521. [PMID: 35531547 PMCID: PMC9071934 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra06519a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Reverse Monte Carlo (RMC) modeling based on the total structure factor S(Q) obtained from high-energy X-ray diffraction (HEXRD) and the k 3 χ(k) obtained from extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) measurements was employed to determine the 3-dimensional (3D) atomic-scale structure of Pt, Pd, and Rh nanoparticles, with sizes less than 5 nm, synthesized by photoreduction. The total structure factor and Fourier-transformed PDF showed that the first nearest neighbor peak is in accordance with that obtained from conventional EXAFS analysis. RMC constructed 3D models were analyzed in terms of prime structural characteristics such as metal-to-metal bond lengths, first-shell coordination numbers and bond angle distributions. The first-shell coordination numbers and bond angle distributions for the RMC-simulated metal nanoparticles indicated a face-centered cubic (fcc) structure with appropriate number density. Modeling disorder effects in these RMC-simulated metal nanoparticles also revealed substantial differences in bond-length distributions for respective nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masafumi Harada
- Department of Health Science and Clothing Environment, Faculty of Human Life and Environment, Nara Women's University Nara 630-8506 Japan +81-742-20-3466 +81-742-20-3466
| | - Risa Ikegami
- Department of Health Science and Clothing Environment, Faculty of Human Life and Environment, Nara Women's University Nara 630-8506 Japan +81-742-20-3466 +81-742-20-3466
| | - Loku Singgappulige Rosantha Kumara
- Synchrotron X-ray Station at SPring-8, Research Network and Facility Services Division, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun Hyogo 679-5148 Japan
| | - Shinji Kohara
- Synchrotron X-ray Station at SPring-8, Research Network and Facility Services Division, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun Hyogo 679-5148 Japan
| | - Osami Sakata
- Synchrotron X-ray Group, Research Center for Advanced Measurement and Characterization, NIMS 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun Hyogo 679-5148 Japan
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Seo O, Kim J, Tayal A, Song C, Kumara LSR, Dekura S, Kobayashi H, Kitagawa H, Sakata O. The relationship between crystalline disorder and electronic structure of Pd nanoparticles and their hydrogen storage properties. RSC Adv 2019; 9:21311-21317. [PMID: 35521352 PMCID: PMC9065999 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra02942g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the relationship between crystalline disorder and electronic structure deviations of Pd nanoparticles (NPs) and their hydrogen storage properties as a function of their particle diameter (2.0, 4.6 and 7.6 nm) using various synchrotron techniques. The lattice constant of the 2.0 nm-diameter Pd NPs was observed to be larger than that of the 4.6 or 7.6 nm-diameter Pd NPs. With increasing particle diameter the structural ordering was improved, the lattice constant and atomic displacement were reduced and the coordination numbers increased, as determined using high-energy X-ray diffraction, reverse Monte Carlo modelling and X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy. The structural order of the core part of the larger NPs was also better than that of the smaller NPs. In addition, the bond strength of the Pd-H formation increased with increasing particle diameter. Finally, the surface order of the Pd NPs was related to enhancement of the hydrogen storage capacity and Pd-H bond strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Okkyun Seo
- Synchrotron X-ray Group, Research Center for Advanced Measurement and Characterization, National Institute for Materials Science 1-1-1 Kouto Sayo Hyogo 679-5148 Japan +81 791 58 1970
- Synchrotron X-ray Station at SPring-8, Research Network and Facility Services Division, National Institute for Materials Science 1-1-1 Kouto Sayo Hyogo 679-5148 Japan
| | - Jaemyung Kim
- Synchrotron X-ray Group, Research Center for Advanced Measurement and Characterization, National Institute for Materials Science 1-1-1 Kouto Sayo Hyogo 679-5148 Japan +81 791 58 1970
- Synchrotron X-ray Station at SPring-8, Research Network and Facility Services Division, National Institute for Materials Science 1-1-1 Kouto Sayo Hyogo 679-5148 Japan
| | - Akhil Tayal
- Synchrotron X-ray Group, Research Center for Advanced Measurement and Characterization, National Institute for Materials Science 1-1-1 Kouto Sayo Hyogo 679-5148 Japan +81 791 58 1970
| | - Chulho Song
- Synchrotron X-ray Group, Research Center for Advanced Measurement and Characterization, National Institute for Materials Science 1-1-1 Kouto Sayo Hyogo 679-5148 Japan +81 791 58 1970
| | - L S R Kumara
- Synchrotron X-ray Group, Research Center for Advanced Measurement and Characterization, National Institute for Materials Science 1-1-1 Kouto Sayo Hyogo 679-5148 Japan +81 791 58 1970
| | - Shun Dekura
- Division of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Hirokazu Kobayashi
- Division of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kitagawa
- Division of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Osami Sakata
- Synchrotron X-ray Group, Research Center for Advanced Measurement and Characterization, National Institute for Materials Science 1-1-1 Kouto Sayo Hyogo 679-5148 Japan +81 791 58 1970
- Synchrotron X-ray Station at SPring-8, Research Network and Facility Services Division, National Institute for Materials Science 1-1-1 Kouto Sayo Hyogo 679-5148 Japan
- Department of Innovative and Engineered Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259-J3-16, Nagatsuta Midori Yokohama 226-8502 Japan
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Olds D, Peterson PF, Crawford MK, Neilson JR, Wang HW, Whitfield PS, Page K. Combinatorial appraisal of transition states forin situpair distribution function analysis. J Appl Crystallogr 2017. [DOI: 10.1107/s1600576717015163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
In situtotal scattering measurements are increasingly utilized to follow atomic and nanoscale structural details of phase transitions and other transient processes in materials. This contribution presents an automated method and associated tool set to analyze series of diffraction and pair distribution function data with a linear combination of end-member states. It is demonstrated that the combinatorial appraisal of transition states (CATS) software tracks phase changes, relative phase fractions and length scales of interest in experimental data series. It is further demonstrated, using a series of local structure data simulations, that the misfit of such a model can reveal details of phase aggregation and growth related to the pair distribution function's sensitivity to interphase correlations. CATS may be applied to quantitative evaluation of many transient processes, including amorphous-to-crystalline phase transitions, the evolution of solid-solution behaviors, the precipitation and growth of aggregates, and other atomic to nanoscale details of crystallization and phase transformation phenomena.
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Kumara LSR, Sakata O, Kobayashi H, Song C, Kohara S, Ina T, Yoshimoto T, Yoshioka S, Matsumura S, Kitagawa H. Hydrogen storage and stability properties of Pd-Pt solid-solution nanoparticles revealed via atomic and electronic structure. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14606. [PMID: 29097810 PMCID: PMC5668347 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14494-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bimetallic Pd1−xPtx solid-solution nanoparticles (NPs) display charging/discharging of hydrogen gas, which has relevance for fuel cell technologies; however, the constituent elements are immiscible in the bulk phase. We examined these material systems using high-energy synchrotron X-ray diffraction, X-ray absorption fine structure and hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy techniques. Recent studies have demonstrated the hydrogen storage properties and catalytic activities of Pd-Pt alloys; however, comprehensive details of their structural and electronic functionality at the atomic scale have yet to be reported. Three-dimensional atomic-scale structure results obtained from the pair distribution function (PDF) and reverse Monte Carlo (RMC) methods suggest the formation of a highly disordered structure with a high cavity-volume-fraction for low-Pt content NPs. The NP conduction band features, as extracted from X-ray absorption near-edge spectra at the Pd and Pt LIII-edge, suggest that the Pd conduction band is filled by Pt valence electrons. This behaviour is consistent with observations of the hydrogen storage capacity of these NPs. The broadening of the valence band width and the down-shift of the d-band centre away from the Fermi level upon Pt substitution also provided evidence for enhanced stability of the hydride (ΔH) features of the Pd1−xPtx solid-solution NPs with a Pt content of 8-21 atomic percent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loku Singgappulige Rosantha Kumara
- Synchrotron X-ray Station at SPring-8, Research Network and Facility Services Division, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan.
| | - Osami Sakata
- Synchrotron X-ray Station at SPring-8, Research Network and Facility Services Division, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan. .,Synchrotron X-ray Group, Research Center for Advanced Measurement and Characterization, NIMS, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan. .,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-J3-16, Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8502, Japan.
| | - Hirokazu Kobayashi
- Division of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Chulho Song
- Synchrotron X-ray Station at SPring-8, Research Network and Facility Services Division, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan
| | - Shinji Kohara
- Synchrotron X-ray Station at SPring-8, Research Network and Facility Services Division, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan.,Synchrotron X-ray Group, Research Center for Advanced Measurement and Characterization, NIMS, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Ina
- Research & Utilization Division, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5198, Japan
| | - Toshiki Yoshimoto
- Department of Applied Quantum Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Satoru Yoshioka
- Department of Applied Quantum Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Syo Matsumura
- Department of Applied Quantum Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.,INAMORI Frontier Research Center, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kitagawa
- Division of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan.,INAMORI Frontier Research Center, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.,Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
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