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Ren S, Wang S, Chen J, Yi Z. Design of Novel Functional Conductive Structures and Preparation of High-Hole-Mobility Polymer Transistors by Green Synthesis Using Acceptor-Donor-Acceptor Strategies. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:396. [PMID: 38337285 DOI: 10.3390/polym16030396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The design of novel acceptor molecular structures based on classical building blocks is regarded as one of the efficient ways to explore the application of organic conjugated materials in conductivity and electronics. Here, a novel acceptor moiety, thiophene-vinyl-diketopyrrolopyrrole (TVDPP), was envisioned and prepared with a longer conjugation length and a more rigid structure than thiophene-diketopyrrolopyrrole (TDPP). The brominated TVDPP can be sequentially bonded to trimethyltin-containing benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole units via Suzuki polycondensation to efficiently prepare the polymer PTVDPP-BSz, which features high molecular weight and excellent thermal stability. The polymerization process takes only 24 h and eliminates the need for chlorinated organic solvents or toxic tin-based reagents. Density functional theory (DFT) simulations and film morphology analyses verify the planarity and high crystallinity of the material, respectively, which facilitates the achievement of high carrier mobility. Conductivity measurements of the polymeric material in the organic transistor device show a hole mobility of 0.34 cm2 V-1 s-1, which illustrates its potential for functionalized semiconductor applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiwei Ren
- Advanced Materials Platform Laboratory, Zhuhai Fudan Innovation and Science Research Center, Guangdong-Macao In-Depth Cooperation Zone in Hengqin 519000, China
- Laboratory of Molecular Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process of Zhejiang Key Laboratory, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Sichun Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jinyang Chen
- Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process of Zhejiang Key Laboratory, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Zhengran Yi
- Advanced Materials Platform Laboratory, Zhuhai Fudan Innovation and Science Research Center, Guangdong-Macao In-Depth Cooperation Zone in Hengqin 519000, China
- Laboratory of Molecular Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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2
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Lim DH, Ha JW, Choi H, Yoon SC, Lee BR, Ko SJ. Recent progress of ultra-narrow-bandgap polymer donors for NIR-absorbing organic solar cells. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2021; 3:4306-4320. [PMID: 36133474 PMCID: PMC9419751 DOI: 10.1039/d1na00245g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Solution-processed near-infrared (NIR)-absorbing organic solar cells (OSCs) have been explored worldwide because of their potential as donor:acceptor bulk heterojunction (BHJ) blends. In addition, NIR-absorbing OSCs have attracted attention as high specialty equipment in next-generation optoelectronic devices, such as semitransparent solar cells and NIR photodetectors, owing to their feasibility for real-time commercial application in industry. With the introduction of NIR-absorbing non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs), the value of OSCs has been increasing while organic donor materials capable of absorbing light in the NIR region have not been actively studied yet compared to NIR-absorbing acceptor materials. Therefore, we present an overall understanding of NIR donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae-Hee Lim
- Division of Advanced Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Daejeon 34114 South Korea
| | - Jong-Woon Ha
- Division of Advanced Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Daejeon 34114 South Korea
| | - Hyosung Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Nano Science & Technology, Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University 04763 Seoul South Korea
| | - Sung Cheol Yoon
- Division of Advanced Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Daejeon 34114 South Korea
| | - Bo Ram Lee
- Department of Physics, Pukyong National University 45 Yongso-ro, Nam-Gu Busan 48513 South Korea
| | - Seo-Jin Ko
- Division of Advanced Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Daejeon 34114 South Korea
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3
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Lin YC, Huang YW, Hung CC, Chiang YC, Chen CK, Hsu LC, Chueh CC, Chen WC. Backbone Engineering of Diketopyrrolopyrrole-Based Conjugated Polymers through Random Terpolymerization for Improved Mobility-Stretchability Property. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:50648-50659. [PMID: 33138353 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c14592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Conjugated polymers synthesized through random terpolymerization have recently attracted great research interest due to the synergetic effect on the polymer's crystallinity and semiconducting properties. Several studies have demonstrated the efficacy of random terpolymerization in fine-tuning the aggregation behavior and optoelectronic property of conjugated polymers to yield enhanced device performance. However, as an influential approach of backbone engineering, its efficacy in modulating the mobility-stretchability property of high-performance conjugated polymers has not been fuller explored to date. Herein, a series of random terpolymers based on the diketopyrrolopyrrole-bithiophene (DPP-2T) backbone incorporating different amounts of isoindigo (IID) unit are synthesized, and their structure-mobility-stretchability correlation is thoroughly investigated. Our results reveal that random terpolymers containing a low IID content (DPP95 and DPP90) show enhanced interchain packing and solid-state aggregation to result in improved charge-transporting performance (can reach 4 order higher) compared to the parent polymer DPP100. In addition, owing to the enriched amorphous feature, DPP95 and DPP90 deliver an improved orthogonal mobility (μh) of >0.01 cm2 V-1 s-1 under a 100% strain, higher than the value (∼0.002 cm2 V-1 s-1) of DPP100. Moreover, DPP95 even yields 20% enhanced orthogonal μh retention after 800 stretching-releasing cycles with 60% strain. As concluded from a series of analyses, the improved mobility-stretchability property exerted by random terpolymerization arises from the enriched amorphous feature and enhanced aggregation behavior imposed by the geometry mismatch between different acceptors (DPP and IID). This study demonstrates that backbone engineering through rational random terpolymerization not only enhances the mobility-stretchability of a conjugated polymer but also realizes a better mechanical endurance, providing a new perspective for the design of high-performance stretchable conjugated polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Cheng Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Advanced Research Center for Green Materials Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Wen Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chien Hung
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Advanced Research Center for Green Materials Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Chi Chiang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Kai Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Li-Che Hsu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chu-Chen Chueh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Advanced Research Center for Green Materials Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chang Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Advanced Research Center for Green Materials Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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4
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Dang D, Yu D, Wang E. Conjugated Donor-Acceptor Terpolymers Toward High-Efficiency Polymer Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1807019. [PMID: 30701605 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201807019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The development of conjugated alternating donor-acceptor (D-A) copolymers with various electron-rich and electron-deficient units in polymer backbones has boosted the power conversion efficiency (PCE) over 17% for polymer solar cells (PSCs) over the past two decades. However, further enhancements in PCEs for PSCs are still imperative to compensate their imperfect stability for fulfilling practical applications. Meanwhile development of these alternating D-A copolymers is highly demanding in creative design and syntheses of novel D and/or A monomers. In this regard, when being possible to adopt an existing monomer unit as a third component from its libraries, either a D' unit or an A' moiety, to the parent D-A type polymer backbones to afford conjugated D-A terpolymers, it will give a facile and cost-effective method to improve their light absorption and tune energy levels and also interchain packing synergistically. Moreover, the rationally controlled stoichiometry for these components in such terpolymers also provides access for further fine-tuning these factors, thus resulting in high-performance PSCs. Herein, based on their unique features, the recent progress of conjugated D-A terpolymers for efficient PSCs is reviewed and it is discussed how these factors influence their photovoltaic performance, for providing useful guidelines to design new terpolymers toward high-efficiency PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongfeng Dang
- School of Science, MOE Key Laboratory for Non-equilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Donghong Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg, DK-9220, Denmark
- Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research (SDC), Aarhus, DK-8000, Denmark
| | - Ergang Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, SE-412 96, Sweden
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5
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Lee M, Kim T, Nguyen HVT, Cho HW, Lee KK, Choi JH, Kim B, Kim JY. Regio-regular alternating diketopyrrolopyrrole-based D1–A–D2–A terpolymers for the enhanced performance of polymer solar cells. RSC Adv 2019; 9:42096-42109. [PMID: 35542833 PMCID: PMC9076513 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra08858j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We designed and synthesized regio-regular alternating diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP)-based D1–A–D2–A terpolymers (PDPPF2T2DPP-T2, PDPPF2T2DPP-TVT, and PDPPF2T2DPP-DTT) using a primary donor (D1) [3,3′-difluoro-2,2′-bithiophene (F2T2)] and a secondary donor (D2) [2,2′-bithiophene (T2), (E)-1,2-di(thiophen-2-yl)ethene (TVT), or dithieno[3,2-b:2′,3′-d]thiophene (DTT)]. A PDPP2DT-F2T2 D–A polymer was synthesized as well to compare optical, electronic, and photovoltaic properties. The absorption peaks of the terpolymers (PDPPF2T2DPP-T2, PDPPF2T2DPP-TVT, and PDPPF2T2DPP-DTT) were longer (λmax = 801–810 nm) than the peak of the PDPP2DT-F2T2 polymer (λmax = 799 nm), which is associated with the high-lying HOMO levels of the terpolymers (−5.08 to −5.13 eV) compared with the level of the PDPP2DT-F2T2 polymer (−5.38 eV). The photovoltaic properties of these DPP-based polymers were investigated under simulated AM 1.5G sunlight (100 mW cm−2) with a conventional structure (ITO/PEDOT:PSS/polymer:PC71BM/Al). The open-circuit voltages (Voc) of photovoltaic devices containing the terpolymers were slightly lower (0.68–0.70 V) than the Voc of the device containing the PDPP2DT-F2T2 polymer (0.79 V). The short-circuit current (Jsc) of the PDPPF2T2DPP-DTT device was significantly improved (14.14 mA cm−2) compared with that of the PDPP2DT-F2T2 device (8.29 mA cm−2). As a result, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the PDPPF2T2DPP-DTT device (6.35%) was increased by 33% compared with that of the simple D–A-type PDPP2DT-F2T2 device (4.78%). The highest Jsc and PCE values (the PDPPF2T2DPP-DTT device) were attributed to an optimal nanoscopically mixed morphology and strong interchain packing with a high face-on orientation in the blend film state. The study demonstrated that our strategy of using multiple donors in a regio-regular alternating fashion could fine-tune the optical, electronic, and morphological properties of D–A-type polymers, enhancing the performance of polymer solar cells. We designed and synthesized regio-regular alternating diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP)-based D1–A–D2–A terpolymers (PDPPF2T2DPP-T2, PDPPF2T2DPP-TVT, and PDPPF2T2DPP-DTT) for use in polymer solar cells.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Myeongjae Lee
- Department of Chemistry
- Korea University
- Seongbuk-gu
- Republic of Korea
| | - Taehyo Kim
- Green Materials and Processes Group
- Korea Institute of Industrial Technology
- Ulsan
- Republic of Korea
| | - Hoai Van T. Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry
- Kunsan National University
- Gunsan-si
- Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Won Cho
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering
- Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST)
- Ulsan 44919
- Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Koo Lee
- Department of Chemistry
- Kunsan National University
- Gunsan-si
- Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Ho Choi
- Department of Chemistry
- Korea University
- Seongbuk-gu
- Republic of Korea
| | - BongSoo Kim
- Department of Chemistry
- Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST)
- Ulsan 44919
- Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Young Kim
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering
- Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST)
- Ulsan 44919
- Republic of Korea
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6
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Heintges GHL, Janssen RAJ. On the homocoupling of trialkylstannyl monomers in the synthesis of diketopyrrolopyrrole polymers and its effect on the performance of polymer-fullerene photovoltaic cells. RSC Adv 2019; 9:15703-15714. [PMID: 35521400 PMCID: PMC9064343 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra02670c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Homocoupling of monomers in a palladium-catalyzed copolymerization of donor–acceptor polymers affects the perfect alternating structure and may deteriorate the performance of such materials in solar cells. Here we investigate the effect of homocoupling bis(trialkylstannyl)-thiophene and -bithiophene monomers in two low band gap poly(diketopyrrolopyrrole-alt-oligothiophene) polymers by deliberately introducing extended oligothiophene defects in a controlled fashion. We find that extension of the oligothiophene by one or two thiophenes and creating defects up to at least 10% does not significantly affect the opto-electronic properties of the polymers or their photovoltaic performance as electron donor in solar cells in combination with [6,6]-phenyl C71 butytic acid methyl ester as acceptor. By using model reactions, we further demonstrate that for the optimized synthetic protocol and palladium-catalyst system the naturally occurring defect concentration in the polymers is expected to be less than 0.5%. By introducing homocoupled segments in a conjugated polymer in a controlled fashion it is possible to assess the effect of structural defects on the performance of polymer solar cells.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaël H. L. Heintges
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems
- Eindhoven University of Technology
- 5600 MB Eindhoven
- The Netherlands
| | - René A. J. Janssen
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems
- Eindhoven University of Technology
- 5600 MB Eindhoven
- The Netherlands
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7
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Murugan P, Raghavendra V, Chithiravel S, Krishnamoorthy K, Mandal AB, Subramanian V, Samanta D. Experimental and Theoretical Investigations of Different Diketopyrrolopyrrole-Based Polymers. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:11710-11717. [PMID: 31459267 PMCID: PMC6645348 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b01132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP)-based polymers are often considered as the most promising donor moiety in traditional bulk heterojunction solar cell devices. In this paper, we report the synthesis, characterization of various DPP-based copolymers with different molecular weights, and polydispersity where other aromatic repeating units (phenyl or thiophene based) are connected by alternate double bonds or triple bonds. Some of the copolymers were used for device fabrication and the crucial parameters such as fill factor (FF) and open circuit voltage (V oc) were calculated. The density functional theory was used to optimize the geometries and deduce highest occupied molecular orbital-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital gaps of all the polymers and theoretically predict their optical and electronic properties. Optical properties of all the polymers, electrochemical properties, and band gaps were also obtained experimentally and compared with the theoretically predicted values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pachaiyappan Murugan
- Polymer
Science & Technology Division and Inorganic and Physical Chemistry
Department and Centre for High Computing, CSIR-CLRI, Adyar, Chennai 600020, India
| | - Venkatraman. Raghavendra
- Polymer
Science & Technology Division and Inorganic and Physical Chemistry
Department and Centre for High Computing, CSIR-CLRI, Adyar, Chennai 600020, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research, Gaziabad 201002, India
| | - Sundaresan Chithiravel
- CSIR-NCL, Pune 411008, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research, Gaziabad 201002, India
| | - Kothandam Krishnamoorthy
- CSIR-NCL, Pune 411008, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research, Gaziabad 201002, India
| | - Asit Baran Mandal
- Polymer
Science & Technology Division and Inorganic and Physical Chemistry
Department and Centre for High Computing, CSIR-CLRI, Adyar, Chennai 600020, India
- CSIR-CGCRI, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Venkatesan Subramanian
- Polymer
Science & Technology Division and Inorganic and Physical Chemistry
Department and Centre for High Computing, CSIR-CLRI, Adyar, Chennai 600020, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research, Gaziabad 201002, India
| | - Debasis Samanta
- Polymer
Science & Technology Division and Inorganic and Physical Chemistry
Department and Centre for High Computing, CSIR-CLRI, Adyar, Chennai 600020, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research, Gaziabad 201002, India
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8
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Li JL, Cao JJ, Duan LL, Zhang HL. Evolution of Isoindigo-Based Electron-Deficient Units for Organic Electronics: From Natural Dyes to Organic Semiconductors. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201800198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiu-Long Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC); Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design (MOE); College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Jing-Jing Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC); Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design (MOE); College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Lin-Lin Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC); Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design (MOE); College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Hao-Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC); Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design (MOE); College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences; Department of Chemistry; Tianjin University, and; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin); Tianjin 300072 P. R. China
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9
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Regioisomeric π-conjugated terpolymers bearing carboxylate substituted thienothiophenyl quarterthiophene and their application to fullerene-free polymer solar cells. POLYMER 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2018.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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10
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Luo H, Dong X, Cai Z, Wang L, Liu Z. Pechmann Dye-Based Molecules Containing Fluorobenzene Moieties for Ambipolar Organic Semiconductors. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201700669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hewei Luo
- Department of Material and Chemical Engineering; Zhengzhou University of Light Industry; 5 Dongfeng Road Zhengzhou 450002 P. R. China
| | - Xiaobiao Dong
- Beijing National Laboratories for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratories of Organic Solids, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences; Institute of Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Zhengxu Cai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications; School of Material Science & Engineering; Beijing Institute of Technology; Beijing 100081 P. R. China
| | - Lizhen Wang
- Department of Material and Chemical Engineering; Zhengzhou University of Light Industry; 5 Dongfeng Road Zhengzhou 450002 P. R. China
| | - Zitong Liu
- Beijing National Laboratories for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratories of Organic Solids, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences; Institute of Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 P. R. China
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11
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Keshtov M, Kuklin S, Khokhlov A, Konstantinov I, Nekrasova N, Xie ZY, Sharma GD. Synthesis of new 2,6-bis(6-fluoro-2-hexyl-2H-benzotriazol-4-yl)-4,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-4H-silolo[3,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene based D-A conjugated terpolymers for photovoltaic application. POLYMER 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2017.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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12
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Luo H, Liu Z, Zhang D. Conjugated D–A terpolymers for organic field-effect transistors and solar cells. Polym J 2017. [DOI: 10.1038/pj.2017.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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13
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Wang Q, Wang Y, Zheng W, Shahid B, Qiu M, Wang D, Zhu D, Yang R. Regulating Molecular Aggregations of Polymers via Ternary Copolymerization Strategy for Efficient Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:32126-32134. [PMID: 28853281 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b09565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
For many high-performance photovoltaic materials in polymer solar cells (PSCs), the active layers usually need to be spin-coated at high temperature due to the strong intermolecular aggregation of donor polymers, which is unfavorable in device repeatability and large-scale PSC printing. In this work, we adopted a ternary copolymerization strategy to regulate polymer solubility and molecular aggregation. A series of D-A1-D-A2 random polymers based on different acceptors, strong electron-withdrawing unit ester substituted thieno[3,4-b]thiophene (TT-E), and highly planar dithiazole linked TT-E (DTzTT) were constructed to realize the regulation of molecular aggregation and simplification of device fabrication. The results showed that as the relative proportion of TT-E segment in the backbone increased, the absorption evidently red-shifted with a gradually decreased aggregation in solution, eventually leading to the active layers that can be fabricated at low temperature. Furthermore, due to the excellent phase separation and low recombination, the optimized solar cells based on the terpolymer P1 containing 30% of TT-E segment exhibit high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 9.09% with a significantly enhanced fill factor up to 72.86%. Encouragingly, the photovoltaic performance is insensitive to the fabrication temperature of the active layer, and it still could maintain high PCE of 8.82%, even at room temperature. This work not only develops the highly efficient photovoltaic materials for low temperature processed PSCs through ternary copolymerization strategy but also preliminarily constructs the relationship between aggregation and photovoltaic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology , Harbin 150080, China
| | - Yingying Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Qingdao 266101, China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology , Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology , Harbin 150080, China
| | - Bilal Shahid
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Meng Qiu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Di Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology , Harbin 150080, China
| | - Dangqiang Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Renqiang Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Qingdao 266101, China
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14
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Keshtov ML, Kuklin SA, Khokhlov AR, Konstantinov IO, Nekrasova NV, Xie ZY, Sharma GD. Regular conjugated D–A copolymer containing two benzotriazole and benzothiadiazole acceptors and dithienosilole donor units for photovoltaic application. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra08522b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthesized a D–A copolymer with low bandgap of 1.53 eV, and used as donor for PSCs. The over PCE of the PSC is reached 8.91% with a low voltage loss of 0.59 eV.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. L. Keshtov
- Institute of Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- 119991 Moscow
- Russian Federation
| | - S. A. Kuklin
- Institute of Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- 119991 Moscow
- Russian Federation
| | - A. R. Khokhlov
- Institute of Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- 119991 Moscow
- Russian Federation
| | - I. O. Konstantinov
- Institute of Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- 119991 Moscow
- Russian Federation
| | - N. V. Nekrasova
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow
- Russian Federation
| | - Zhi-yuan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- P. R. China
| | - Ganesh D. Sharma
- Department of Physics
- The LNM Institute for Information Technology
- Jaipur
- India
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15
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Keshtov ML, Khokhlov AR, Kuklin SA, Chen FC, Koukaras EN, Sharma GD. New D-A1-D-A2-Type Regular Terpolymers Containing Benzothiadiazole and Benzotrithiophene Acceptor Units for Photovoltaic Application. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:32998-33009. [PMID: 27934138 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b08802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Two novel regular terpolymers that are of D-A1-D-A2 type and contain benzothiadiazole and 2,5-dibromo-8-dodecanoylbenzo[1,2-b:3,4-b':5,6-d″]trithiophene (P1) or 2,8-dibromo-5-dodecanoylbenzene[1,2-b:3,4-b':5,6-d″]trithiophene (P2) acceptor units with the same thiophene donor were synthesized through Stille coupling, and their optical and electrochemical properties were investigated. The highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied (LUMO) molecular orbital energy levels of these terpolymers indicate that there is sufficient LUMO offset with PCBM for efficient exciton dissociation, and their deeper HOMO levels ensure the high open-circuit voltage for the resultant bulk heterojunction solar cells. Measurements on the solar cell devices also confirm that compared to those based on P2 the devices based on P1 possess a higher short-circuit photocurrent (Jsc) as well as a higher fill factor (FF), which is attributed to the lower bandgap and higher hole mobility for P1, whereas the Voc is higher for the devices that are based on P2, which may be a result of P2 having a lower HOMO energy level than P1. The optimized polymer solar cells fabricated using P1:PC71BM (DIO/CF) and P2:PC71BM (CF/DIO) for the active layers showed a PCE of 7.19% and 6.34%, respectively. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) images of P1:PC71BM blend films show that they exhibit more suitable morphology with favorable interpenetrating networks, which favors high Jsc and FF. Moreover, P1 exhibits a more crystalline nature than P2 that also favors the charge transport. This may be a result of better molecular packing, more distinct phase separation of the blended films, as well as a reduction of charge recombination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukhamed L Keshtov
- Institute of Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences , Vavilova St., 28, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alexei R Khokhlov
- Institute of Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences , Vavilova St., 28, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Serge A Kuklin
- Institute of Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences , Vavilova St., 28, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Fang-Chung Chen
- Department of Photonics, National Chiao Tung University , Hsinchu, Taiwan 300, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Emmanuel N Koukaras
- Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras , Patras 26500 GR, Greece
- Molecular Engineering Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Patras , Patras 26500 GR, Greece
| | - Ganesh D Sharma
- Department of Physics, The LNM Institute for Information Technology , Jamdoli, Jaipur, India
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16
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Zheng Z, Zhang S, Zhang J, Qin Y, Li W, Yu R, Wei Z, Hou J. Over 11% Efficiency in Tandem Polymer Solar Cells Featured by a Low-Band-Gap Polymer with Fine-Tuned Properties. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:5133-5138. [PMID: 27136384 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201600373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Revised: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Highly efficient polymer solar cells with tandem structure are fabricated by using two excellent photovoltaic polymers and a highly transparent intermediate recombination layer. Power conversion efficiencies over 11% can be realized featured by a low-band-gap polymer with fine-tuned properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Zheng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Shaoqing Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Jianqi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yunpeng Qin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Wanning Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Runnan Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Zhixiang Wei
- Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Jianhui Hou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
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17
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Zhang S, Qin Y, Uddin MA, Jang B, Zhao W, Liu D, Woo HY, Hou J. A Fluorinated Polythiophene Derivative with Stabilized Backbone Conformation for Highly Efficient Fullerene and Non-Fullerene Polymer Solar Cells. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b00248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shaoqing Zhang
- School
of Chemistry and Biology Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
- State
Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National
Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yunpeng Qin
- School
of Chemistry and Biology Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
- State
Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National
Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Mohammad Afsar Uddin
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Bomee Jang
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Wenchao Zhao
- School
of Chemistry and Biology Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Delong Liu
- School
of Chemistry and Biology Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Han Young Woo
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Jianhui Hou
- School
of Chemistry and Biology Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
- State
Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National
Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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18
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Park GE, Kim HJ, Lee DH, Cho MJ, Choi DH. Regular terpolymers with fluorinated bithiophene units for high-performing photovoltaic cells. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6py00901h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate effective structural control of various electron-donating moieties containing bithiophene (BT) and naphthalene derivatives with 3,3′-difluoro-2,2′-bithiophene in a regular terpolymer system and compare the properties of these polymers with those of the three binary copolymers PDPPNp, PDPPBT, and PDPPFBT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gi Eun Park
- Department of Chemistry
- Research Institute for Natural Sciences
- Korea University
- Seoul 136-701
- Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Jong Kim
- Department of Chemistry
- Research Institute for Natural Sciences
- Korea University
- Seoul 136-701
- Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Hee Lee
- Department of Chemistry
- Research Institute for Natural Sciences
- Korea University
- Seoul 136-701
- Republic of Korea
| | - Min Ju Cho
- Department of Chemistry
- Research Institute for Natural Sciences
- Korea University
- Seoul 136-701
- Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hoon Choi
- Department of Chemistry
- Research Institute for Natural Sciences
- Korea University
- Seoul 136-701
- Republic of Korea
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