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Ghazy NM, Ghaith EA, Abou El-Reash YG, Zaky RR, Abou El-Maaty WM, Awad FS. Enhanced performance of hydroxyl and cyano group functionalized graphitic carbon nitride for efficient removal of crystal violet and methylene blue from wastewater. RSC Adv 2022; 12:35587-35597. [PMID: 36540397 PMCID: PMC9743788 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra07032d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This work reports the synthesis of an innovative multifunctional carbon nitride based adsorbent and its successful application for the removal of crystal violet (CV) and methylene blue (MB) from wastewater. The functionalized graphitic carbon nitride (f/g-CN) adsorbent was produced by the pyrolysis of melamine followed by thermal alkali treatment to introduce OH, NH x , and CN groups onto the graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN) surface. Experimental data obtained from batch tests revealed that the maximum adsorption capacities of g-CN and f/g-CN were found to be 28.9 and 239.0 mg g-1 for MB, and 163.0 and 532.0 mg g-1 for CV, respectively, at pH 8, 25 °C and after 90 min. This increase in adsorption capacity of f/g-CN can be explained by the presence of multiple functional groups in its structure. f/g-CN showed 100% removal for MB and CV with concentrations lower than 100 ppm and the equilibrium time required for the 100% removal of 500 ppb dye is 60 seconds. Additionally, the experimental data fitted well with the Langmuir isotherm model (R 2 = 0.992) and pseudo second order kinetic model (R 2 = 0.999) suggesting that the mechanism of adsorption is based on π-π stacking and electrostatic interactions between the NH x and OH groups of f/g-CN and dye molecules with monolayer formation. Moreover, a reusability test showed that the adsorption capacity remained at around 90% after 7 cycles. This work highlights the merits of the prepared adsorbent f/g-CN which is an eco-friendly, stable, efficient, and reusable adsorbent for removing cationic dyes from wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada M Ghazy
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University Mansoura 35516 Egypt
| | - Eslam A Ghaith
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University Mansoura 35516 Egypt
| | - Y G Abou El-Reash
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University Mansoura 35516 Egypt
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University P.O. Box, 90950 Riyadh 11623 Saudi Arabia
| | - Rania R Zaky
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University Mansoura 35516 Egypt
| | - Weam M Abou El-Maaty
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University Mansoura 35516 Egypt
| | - Fathi S Awad
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University Mansoura 35516 Egypt
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Li P, Zhou L, Zhao C, Ju H, Gao Q, Si W, Cheng L, Hao J, Li M, Chen Y, Jia C, Guo X. Single-molecule nano-optoelectronics: insights from physics. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2022; 85:086401. [PMID: 35623319 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/ac7401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Single-molecule optoelectronic devices promise a potential solution for miniaturization and functionalization of silicon-based microelectronic circuits in the future. For decades of its fast development, this field has made significant progress in the synthesis of optoelectronic materials, the fabrication of single-molecule devices and the realization of optoelectronic functions. On the other hand, single-molecule optoelectronic devices offer a reliable platform to investigate the intrinsic physical phenomena and regulation rules of matters at the single-molecule level. To further realize and regulate the optoelectronic functions toward practical applications, it is necessary to clarify the intrinsic physical mechanisms of single-molecule optoelectronic nanodevices. Here, we provide a timely review to survey the physical phenomena and laws involved in single-molecule optoelectronic materials and devices, including charge effects, spin effects, exciton effects, vibronic effects, structural and orbital effects. In particular, we will systematically summarize the basics of molecular optoelectronic materials, and the physical effects and manipulations of single-molecule optoelectronic nanodevices. In addition, fundamentals of single-molecule electronics, which are basic of single-molecule optoelectronics, can also be found in this review. At last, we tend to focus the discussion on the opportunities and challenges arising in the field of single-molecule optoelectronics, and propose further potential breakthroughs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peihui Li
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zhou
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Zhao
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyu Ju
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinghua Gao
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Si
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Cheng
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Hao
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengmeng Li
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Yijian Chen
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuancheng Jia
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, National Biomedical Imaging Center, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, 292 Chengfu Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuefeng Guo
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, National Biomedical Imaging Center, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, 292 Chengfu Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
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Yang G, Sui G, Liang Y, Xue X, Feng Y, Zhang B. Effects of interfacial adsorption configurations on dye-sensitized solar cell performance at the stoichiometric and defective TiO 2 anatase (101) surfaces: a theoretical investigation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:4508-4515. [PMID: 32068228 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp06784a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Interfacial adsorption configuration plays a crucial role in influencing the photovoltaic performance of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), and thus, theoretical investigations are needed to further understand the impacts of different absorption configurations on stoichiometric and defective TiO2(101) surfaces on the short-circuit photocurrent density (JSC) and open-circuit voltage (VOC) of DSSCs. Herein, calculations of isolated dyes and dye/TiO2 systems were performed on the donor-π bridge-acceptor (D-π-A) type porphyrin sensitizers bearing different donor moieties and an α-cyanoacrylic acid anchoring group (T1-3), using DFT and TD-DFT methods. And, for the first time, comparative analysis of interfacial electron transfer (IET) and density of states (DOS) were carried out on dye/TiO2 systems with stoichiometric and defective surfaces to provide further insight into the electronic factors influencing the efficiency of DSSCs, which can well explain the experimental variation trends of JSC and VOC values. It turned out that attachment via the carboxyl and cynao groups in a tridentate binding mode can result in more efficient IET rates and an upshifted conduction band in comparison with those of the bidentate attachment. More interestingly, we found that the adsorption configuration on defective surfaces containing an O2c vacancy induced more upshifted CBM and relatively fast IET, especially for the bonding mode through two O atoms of the carboxyl group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China.
| | - Guomin Sui
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China.
| | - Yuxia Liang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaodong Xue
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China.
| | - Yaqing Feng
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China. and Tianjin Co-Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China.
| | - Bao Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China.
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Chai Z, Wang J, Xie Y, Lin P, Li H, Chang K, Xu T, Mei A, Peng Q, Wang M, Han H, Li Q, Li Z. Modulation of Acceptor Position in Organic Sensitizers: The Optimization of Intramolecular and Interfacial Charge Transfer Processes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:27648-27657. [PMID: 31305062 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b03428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
With respect to cyanoacryclic acid as the traditional acceptor and anchoring group in dye-sensitized solar cells, the introduction of stronger electron-deficient groups has greatly expanded the scope of molecular design and increased their efficiencies for organic dyes. In this contribution, benzothiadiazole (BTD) was selected as a representative acceptor to illustrate the influence of its position on the photophysical properties and corresponding photovoltaic performances. Through the insertion of BTD in different positions of the framework with the same composition units and orders, four sensitizers were designed and synthesized. The structure-property relationship demonstrated the preference of the suitable position of an electron acceptor for optimization of the spectra response and interfacial charge transfer. In our system, dye LI-96 with BTD in the middle of the conjugated bridge showed the broadest spectrum and achieved the best photovoltaic performance (8.25%), which may pave a new way to design or optimize the efficient sensitizers by rational design of the acceptor position.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaofei Chai
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , China
- China State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics , Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Wuhan 430071 , China
| | - Jinfeng Wang
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , China
| | - Yujun Xie
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , China
| | - Peixuan Lin
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , China
| | - Hao Li
- Michael Grätzel Center for Mesoscopic Solar Cells, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430072 , China
| | - Kai Chang
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , China
| | - Ting Xu
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , China
| | - Anyi Mei
- Michael Grätzel Center for Mesoscopic Solar Cells, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430072 , China
| | - Qian Peng
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Mingkui Wang
- Michael Grätzel Center for Mesoscopic Solar Cells, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430072 , China
| | - Hongwei Han
- Michael Grätzel Center for Mesoscopic Solar Cells, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430072 , China
| | - Qianqian Li
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , China
| | - Zhen Li
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , China
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
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Raikwar MM, Patil DS, Mathew E, Varghese M, Joe IH, Sekar N. Influence of thiophene spacer and auxiliary acceptor on the optical properties of 4-(Diethylamino)-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde based D-π-A-π-D Colorants with N-alkyl donors: Experimental, DFT and Z-scan study. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2018.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Cheng Y, Yang G, Jiang H, Zhao S, Liu Q, Xie Y. Organic Sensitizers with Extended Conjugation Frameworks as Cosensitizers of Porphyrins for Developing Efficient Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:38880-38891. [PMID: 30358387 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b12883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Relatively high efficiencies have been achieved for porphyrin-based dye-sensitized solar cells. For the purpose of designing efficient cosensitizers, we herein report systematically optimized dyes XC1-XC5 employing a triphenylamine donor, a benzothiadiazole moiety as the auxiliary acceptor, and a benzoic acid acceptor. One hexyl and four hexyloxy groups were introduced, and an ethynylene moiety was introduced between the donor and the auxiliary acceptor to afford XC1. To further extend the absorption wavelength, a second ethynylene moiety was introduced between the acceptor and the auxiliary acceptor to afford XC2. XC3 and XC4 were designed by introducing one and two methyl substituents, respectively, into the meta-positions of the anchoring carboxyl group. XC5 was further synthesized by inserting a cyano substituent into one of the ortho-positions of the carboxyl group with the purpose to strengthen the intramolecular charge-transfer effect and thus broaden the absorption wavelength. As expected, compared with the Jsc (14.29 mA·cm-2) of XC1, the corresponding Jsc values for XC2-XC5 were enhanced to 16.50, 16.95, 16.73, and 17.74 mA·cm-2, respectively. Moreover, XC4 exhibits the highest Voc of 770 mV owing to the presence of a maximum of seven chains, which can effectively suppress dye aggregation. As a result, compared with XC1, XC2-XC5 exhibit improved efficiencies of 8.67, 9.05, 8.78, and 9.30%, respectively. In addition, the efficiencies of XC3 and XC5 were further enhanced by cosensitizing them with our previously reported porphyrin dye XW28 under various conditions. Finally, a remarkable efficiency of 10.50% was achieved for the cells cosensitized with XC5 and XW28. These results indicate that the combination of good planarity of the extended D-π-A framework with multiple alkoxy/alkyl chains may compose an effective optimizing strategy for designing and synthesizing excellent cosensitizers for porphyrins.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Qingyun Liu
- College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering , Shandong University of Science and Technology , Qingdao 266510 , P. R. China
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Hailu YM, Nguyen MT, Jiang JC. Effects of the terminal donor unit in dyes with D-D-π-A architecture on the regeneration mechanism in DSSCs: a computational study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:23564-23577. [PMID: 30187074 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp03821j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This theoretical study on dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) includes design strategies for dye donor units to improve the efficiency of DSSCs, and further illuminates the organic dye regeneration mechanism. We have designed a series of new organic sensitizers based on a D-D-π-A architecture to exhibit easy electron transfer and to have remarkable light harvesting properties in the visible region by density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent (TD)-DFT calculations. Furthermore, the interaction of the organic sensitizers with the conventional redox electrolyte using the triiodide/iodide couple (I3-/I-) is investigated. Our calculations indicate that incorporation of strong electron-donating groups remarkably improves the charge transfer characteristics, optoelectronic properties and rapid dye regeneration as compared to less electron donating substituents. In addition, our study demonstrates the possibility of second electron injection from the oxidized dye complex to the semiconductor surface, which further confirms our recently proposed dye regeneration mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohannes Mulugeta Hailu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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Pappenfus TM, Wood TL, Morey JL, Wilcox WD, Janzen DE. Crystal structure and Hirshfeld analysis of 2-(5-bromo-thio-phen-2-yl)aceto-nitrile. Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2018; 74:189-192. [PMID: 29850051 PMCID: PMC5956334 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989018000968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The title compound, C6H4BrNS, crystallizes in the space group P21/n with one complete mol-ecule in the asymmetric unit. The non-H atoms are nearly planar (r.m.s for non-H atoms = 0.071 Å), with the nitrile group oriented anti-periplanar with respect to the thio-phene S atom. Inter-molecular Type I centrosymmetric Br⋯Br halogen inter-actions are present at a distance of 3.582 (1) Å and with a C-Br⋯Br angle of 140.7 (1)°. Additional weaker C-H⋯N, C-H⋯S, and S⋯π inter-actions are also present. A Hirshfeld analysis indicates Br⋯Br inter-actions comprise only 1.9% of all the inter-atomic contacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ted M. Pappenfus
- Division of Science and Mathematics, University of Minnesota, Morris, MN 56267, USA
| | - Tiana L. Wood
- Division of Science and Mathematics, University of Minnesota, Morris, MN 56267, USA
| | - Joseph L. Morey
- Division of Science and Mathematics, University of Minnesota, Morris, MN 56267, USA
| | - Wyatt D. Wilcox
- Division of Science and Mathematics, University of Minnesota, Morris, MN 56267, USA
| | - Daron E. Janzen
- Dept. of Chemistry and Biochemistry, St. Catherine University, 20204 Randolph Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55105, USA
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Xia C, Zhu C, Zhao X, Chen X, Chen T, Wan T, Xu Z, Wen G, Pei Y, Zhong C. Effect on absorption and electron transfer by using Cd(ii) or Cu(ii) complexes with phenanthroline as auxiliary electron acceptors (A) in D–A–π–A motif sensitizers for dye-sensitized solar cells. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:6688-6697. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp06859j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Four new polymeric metal complex dyes (PBDTT-PhenCd, PBDTT-PhenCu, PPV-PhenCd and PPV-PhenCu) with donor–acceptor–π-bridge-acceptor (D–A–π–A) structure were designed and synthesized.
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New triarylamine organic dyes containing the 9-hexyl-2-(hexyloxy)-9H-carbazole for dye-sensitized solar cells. Electrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.09.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Wang H, Bao B, Hu X, Fang JK. Efficient Small Molecule Organic Dyes Containing Different Bridges in Donor Moieties for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. Electrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.08.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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