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Hussain S, Chen X, Wang C, Hao Y, Tian X, He Y, Li J, Shahid M, Iyer PK, Gao R. Aggregation and Binding-Directed FRET Modulation of Conjugated Polymer Materials for Selective and Point-of-Care Monitoring of Serum Albumins. Anal Chem 2022; 94:10685-10694. [PMID: 35849826 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c00984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Nonspecific interactions of conjugated polymers (CPs) with various proteins prove to be a major impediment for researchers when designing a suitable CP-based probe for the amplified and selective recognition of particular proteins in complex body fluids. Herein, a new strategy is presented for the precise and specific monitoring of clinically important serum albumin (SA) proteins at the nanomolar level using fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-modulated CP-surfactant ensembles as superior sensing materials. In brief, the newly designed color-tunable CP PF-DBT-Im undergoes intense aggregation with the surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), enabling drastic change in the emission color from violet to deep red due to intermolecular FRET. The emission of PF-DBT-Im/SDS ensembles then changed from deep red to magenta specifically on addition of SAs owing to the exclusive reverse FRET facilitated by synergistic effects of electrostatic interactions, hydrophobic forces, and the comparatively high intrinsic quantum yield of SAs. Interestingly, PF-DBT-Im itself could not differentiate SAs from other proteins, demonstrating the superiority of the PF-DBT-Im/SDS self-assembly over PF-DBT-Im. Finally, an affordable smartphone-integrated point-of-care (PoC) device is also fabricated as a proof-of-concept for the on-site and rapid monitoring of SAs, validating the potential of the system in long-term clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameer Hussain
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaan'xi 710049, China
| | - Xi Chen
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaan'xi 710049, China
| | - Chaofeng Wang
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaan'xi 710049, China
| | - Yi Hao
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaan'xi 710049, China.,School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaan'xi 710061, China
| | - Xuemeng Tian
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaan'xi 710049, China
| | - Yulian He
- University of Michigan-Shanghai Jiaotong University Joint Institute, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jing Li
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaan'xi 710049, China
| | - M Shahid
- Functional Inorganic Materials Lab (FIML), Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Parameswar Krishnan Iyer
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Ruixia Gao
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaan'xi 710049, China
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Takagi K, Yano H, Ito H, Kishi N. Charge-neutral and self-doped cyclopentadithiophene-based conjugated polymers: Influence of side chain on optical, electrical, and thermoelectric properties. POLYMER 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2019.121787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa L. Mako
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, 140 Flagg Road, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
| | - Joan M. Racicot
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, 140 Flagg Road, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
| | - Mindy Levine
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, 140 Flagg Road, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
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Zhu T, Sha Y, Yan J, Pageni P, Rahman MA, Yan Y, Tang C. Metallo-polyelectrolytes as a class of ionic macromolecules for functional materials. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4329. [PMID: 30337530 PMCID: PMC6193978 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06475-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The fields of soft polymers and macromolecular sciences have enjoyed a unique combination of metals and organic frameworks in the name of metallopolymers or organometallic polymers. When metallopolymers carry charged groups, they form a class of metal-containing polyelectrolytes or metallo-polyelectrolytes. This review identifies the unique properties and functions of metallo-polyelectrolytes compared with conventional organo-polyelectrolytes, in the hope of shedding light on the formation of functional materials with intriguing applications and potential benefits. It concludes with a critical perspective on the challenges and hurdles for metallo-polyelectrolytes, especially experimental quantitative analysis and theoretical modeling of ionic binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, 29208, USA
| | - Ye Sha
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, 29208, USA
| | - Jing Yan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shannxi, 710129, China
| | - Parasmani Pageni
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, 29208, USA
| | - Md Anisur Rahman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, 29208, USA
| | - Yi Yan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shannxi, 710129, China.
| | - Chuanbing Tang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, 29208, USA.
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Li Y, Guo J, Dai B, Geng L, Shen F, Zhang Y, Yu X. Facile construction of terpridine-based metallo-polymers in hydrogels, crystals and solutions directed by metal ions. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 521:190-196. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.03.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Fu N, Wang Y, Liu D, Zhang C, Su S, Bao B, Zhao B, Wang L. A Conjugated Polyelectrolyte with Pendant High Dense Short-Alkyl-Chain-Bridged Cationic Ions: Analyte-Induced Light-Up and Label-Free Fluorescent Sensing of Tumor Markers. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:polym9060227. [PMID: 30970905 PMCID: PMC6432017 DOI: 10.3390/polym9060227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel cationic water-soluble conjugated polyelectrolyte (CPE) of polyfluorene that contains 15% fraction of 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (BT) units (PFC3NBT) has been obtained. PFC3NBT demonstrates intramolecular energy transfer from the fluorene segments to BT sites when negatively charged species (SDS or DNAs) are added, following by a shift in emission color from blue to green, has been developed. The high density of positive charges and pendent short alkyl chains of N-propyltrimethylammoniums endow PFC3NBT with high solubility and high fluorescence quantum efficiency of 33.6% in water. The fluorescence emission properties were investigated in the presence of adverse buffer solutions, different surfactants and DNA strands. Interesting fluorescence emission quenching at short wavelength and fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) induced light-on at BT sites were observed and discussed in detail. Very different from previous reports, the fluorescence emission spectra transition happens with an enhancement of integrated fluorescent intensity. The analytes induced a light-up sensing system was studied with a PFC3NBT/SDS complex mode and confirmed with DNA/DNA-FAM sensing systems. More exciting preliminary results on label-free sensing of tumor markers were also reported by investigating the unique fluorescence response to 11 kinds of proteins. These results provide a new insight view for designing CPEs with light-up and label-free features for biomolecular sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Fu
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Yijiao Wang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Dan Liu
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Caixia Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Shao Su
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Biqing Bao
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Baomin Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Lianhui Wang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
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