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Iftikhar R, Khan FZ, Naeem N. Recent synthetic strategies of small heterocyclic organic molecules with optoelectronic applications: a review. Mol Divers 2024; 28:271-307. [PMID: 36609738 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-022-10597-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Over the past few years, there have been tremendous developments in the design and synthesis of organic optoelectronic materials with appealing applications in device fabrication of organic light-emitting diodes, superconductors, organic lasers, organic field-effect transistors, clean energy-producing organic solar cells, etc. There is an increasing demand for the synthesis of green, highly efficient organic optoelectronic materials to cope with the issue of efficiency roll-off in organic semiconductor-based devices. This review systematically summarized the recent progress in the design and synthesis of small organic molecules having promising optoelectronic properties for their potential applications in optoelectronic devices during the last 10-year range (2010-early 2021).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramsha Iftikhar
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2055, Australia.
| | - Faiza Zahid Khan
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Naila Naeem
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
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2
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Skhirtladze L, Bezvikonnyi O, Keruckienė R, Dvylys L, Mahmoudi M, Labanauskas L, Ariffin A, Grazulevicius JV. Derivatives of Pyridazine with Phenoxazine and 9,9-Dimethyl-9,10-dihydroacridine Donor Moieties Exhibiting Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:1294. [PMID: 36770299 PMCID: PMC9919726 DOI: 10.3390/ma16031294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Two compounds based on pyridazine as the acceptor core and 9,9-dimethyl-9,10-dihydroacridine or phenoxazine donor moieties were designed and synthesized by Buchwald-Hartwig cross-coupling reaction. The electronic, photophysical, and electrochemical properties of the compounds were studied by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), photoluminescence spectrometry, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, and cyclic voltammetry. The compounds are characterized by high thermal stabilities. Their 5% weight loss temperatures are 314 and 336 °C. Complete weight loss of both pyridazine-based compounds was detected by TGA, indicating sublimation. The derivative of pyridazine and 9,9-dimethyl-9,10-dihydroacridine is capable of glass formation. Its glass transition temperature is 80 °C. The geometries and electronic characteristics of the compounds were substantiated using density functional theory (DFT). The compounds exhibited emission from the intramolecular charge transfer state manifested by positive solvatochromism. The emission in the range of 534-609 nm of the toluene solutions of the compounds is thermally activated delayed fluorescence with lifetimes of 93 and 143 ns, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Levani Skhirtladze
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, LT-51423 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Oleksandr Bezvikonnyi
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, LT-51423 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Kaunas University of Technology, LT-51369 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Rasa Keruckienė
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, LT-51423 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Lukas Dvylys
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, LT-51423 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Malek Mahmoudi
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, LT-51423 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Linas Labanauskas
- Center for Physical Sciences & Technology, Department of Organic Chemistry, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Azhar Ariffin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Juozas V. Grazulevicius
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, LT-51423 Kaunas, Lithuania
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3
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Daoui S, Çınar EB, Dege N, Benchat N, Saif E, Karrouchi K. Crystal structure of ( E)-3-({6-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)ethenyl]-3-oxo-2,3-dihydropyridazin-4-yl}methyl)pyridin-1-ium chloride dihydrate. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION E CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC COMMUNICATIONS 2022; 78:458-462. [PMID: 35492268 PMCID: PMC8983968 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989022003346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Three intramolecular hydrogen bonds are observed in the title compound. In the crystal, molecules are connected by C—H⋯Cl and N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. In the title compound, C18H15ClN3O+·Cl−·2H2O, three intramolecular hydrogen bonds are observed, N—H⋯O, O—H⋯Cl and O—H⋯O. In the crystal, molecules are connected by C—H⋯Cl and N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. Strong C—H⋯Cl, N—H⋯O, O—H⋯Cl and O—H⋯O hydrogen-bonding interactions are implied by the Hirshfeld surface analysis, which indicate that H⋯H contacts make the largest contribution to the overall crystal packing at 33.0%.
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A concise and focused overview upon arylglyoxal monohydrates-based one-pot multi-component synthesis of fascinating potentially biologically active pyridazines. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Krotkus S, Matulaitis T, Diesing S, Copley G, Archer E, Keum C, Cordes DB, Slawin AMZ, Gather MC, Zysman-Colman E, Samuel IDW. Fast Delayed Emission in New Pyridazine-Based Compounds. Front Chem 2021; 8:572862. [PMID: 33490031 PMCID: PMC7817954 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.572862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Three novel donor-acceptor molecules comprising the underexplored pyridazine (Pydz) acceptor moiety have been synthesized and their structural, electrochemical and photophysical properties thoroughly characterized. Combining Pydz with two phenoxazine donor units linked via a phenyl bridge in a meta configuration (dPXZMePydz) leads to high reverse intersystem crossing rate k RISC = 3.9 · 106 s-1 and fast thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) with <500 ns delayed emission lifetime. Efficient triplet harvesting via the TADF mechanism is demonstrated in OLEDs using dPXZMePydz as the emitter but does not occur for compounds bearing weaker donor units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simonas Krotkus
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, Scottish Universities Physics Alliance (SUPA), School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom
| | - Tomas Matulaitis
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom
| | - Stefan Diesing
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, Scottish Universities Physics Alliance (SUPA), School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom.,Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom
| | - Graeme Copley
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom
| | - Emily Archer
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, Scottish Universities Physics Alliance (SUPA), School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom
| | - Changmin Keum
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, Scottish Universities Physics Alliance (SUPA), School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom
| | - David B Cordes
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom
| | - Alexandra M Z Slawin
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom
| | - Malte C Gather
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, Scottish Universities Physics Alliance (SUPA), School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom
| | - Eli Zysman-Colman
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom
| | - Ifor D W Samuel
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, Scottish Universities Physics Alliance (SUPA), School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom
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6
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Sergeev PG, Khrustalev VN, Nenajdenko VG. Construction of 6-Aminopyridazine Derivatives by the Reaction of Malononitrile with Dichloro-Substituted Diazadienes. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202000807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pavel G. Sergeev
- Department of Chemistry; Lomonosov Moscow State University; 119899 Moscow Russia
| | - Victor N. Khrustalev
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia; 117198 Moscow Russia
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry of RAS; 47 Leninsky Prospect 119991 Moscow Russia
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Ma L, Gu J, Saeed T. Mechanical property test of OLED bending area based on discrete element method. JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT & FUZZY SYSTEMS 2020. [DOI: 10.3233/jifs-179826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Ma
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jinan Gu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Tareq Saeed
- Nonlinear Analysis and Applied Mathematics (NAAM)-Research Group, Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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8
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Synthesis of novel viscosity sensitive pyrrolo-quinaldine based styryl dyes: Photophysical properties, electrochemical and DFT study. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2020.112557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Sonalin S, Kurlekar K, Anjali A, Imran PM, Nagarajan S. Synthesis of Phenanthro[9,10‐
d
]imidazoles and their Potential Applications in Solution Processable Bottom‐Gated OFETs. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202000156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Srinita Sonalin
- Department of ChemistryCentral University of Tamil Nadu Thiruvarur 610 005 India
| | - Komal Kurlekar
- Department of ChemistryCentral University of Tamil Nadu Thiruvarur 610 005 India
| | - Anshika Anjali
- Department of ChemistryCentral University of Tamil Nadu Thiruvarur 610 005 India
| | | | - Samuthira Nagarajan
- Department of ChemistryCentral University of Tamil Nadu Thiruvarur 610 005 India
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11
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Chen Z, Li H, Tao Y, Chen L, Chen C, Jiang H, Xu S, Zhou X, Chen R, Huang W. Tuning Intramolecular Conformation and Packing Mode of Host Materials through Noncovalent Interactions for High-Efficiency Blue Electrophosphorescence. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:9129-9134. [PMID: 31460001 PMCID: PMC6648144 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b00724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Molecular conformation plays an important role in tuning the packing modes of organic optoelectronic materials to achieve enhanced and/or balanced charge transport. Here, we introduce the noncovalent intramolecular interactions to the host materials of phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (PhOLEDs). Different numbers and/or positions of intramolecular CH···N noncovalent interactions were constructed by using different N-heterocycles of pyridine, pyrimidine, and pyrazine as acceptor units and carbazole as the donor unit in a donor-acceptor-donor (D-A-D) motif. Thus, designed D-A-D molecules were synthesized facilely through a one-step Ullmann reaction in high yields, showing varied intramolecular interactions to regulate the molecular conformation significantly. Impressively, owing to the quasi-parallel molecular conformation, which is beneficial for forming facile transporting channels of both holes and electrons, the newly designed host material of 9,9'-(pyridine-2,5-diyl)bis(9H-carbazole) exhibits good device performance of blue PhOLEDs with current, power, and external quantum efficiencies up to 33.0 cd A-1, 32.1 lm W-1, and 16.3%, respectively. This work highlights the significant importance of the noncovalent interactions in designing advanced organic semiconductors for high-performance optoelectronic devices.
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Najare MS, Patil MK, Mantur S, Nadaf AA, Inamdar SR, Khazi IAM. Highly conjugated D-π-A-π-D form of novel benzo[b]thiophene substituted 1,3,4‑oxadiazole derivatives; Thermal, optical properties, solvatochromism and DFT studies. J Mol Liq 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2018.09.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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