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Cao LNY, Xu Z, Wang ZL. Application of Triboelectric Nanogenerator in Fluid Dynamics Sensing: Past and Future. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:nano12193261. [PMID: 36234389 PMCID: PMC9565272 DOI: 10.3390/nano12193261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) developed by Z. L. Wang's team to harvest random mechanical energy is a promising new energy source for distributed sensing systems in the new era of the internet of things (IoT) and artificial intelligence (AI) for a smart world. TENG has many advantages that make it suitable for a wide range of applications, including energy harvesting, environmental protection, wearable electronics, robotics, and self-powered sensors. Sensing as an important part of TENG applications is gradually expanding, with the in-depth study of TENG sensing in its working principle, material selection, processing technology, system integration, surface treatment, and back-end algorithms by researchers. In industry and academia, fluid dynamics sensing for liquid and air is urgently needed but lacking. In particular, local fluid sensing is difficult and limited to traditional sensors. Fortunately, with advantages for ordinary TENGs and TENGs as fluid dynamics sensors, fluid dynamics sensing can be better realized. Therefore, the paper summarizes the up-to-date work on TENGs as fluid dynamics sensors, discusses the advantages of TENGs as fluid dynamics sensors in-depth, and, most importantly, aims to explore possible new key areas to help guide the future direction of TENG in fluid dynamics sensing by addressing the key challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo N. Y. Cao
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zijie Xu
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhong Lin Wang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0245, USA
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Li S, Jia C, Sun F, Zhu Y. A Self-Powered Triboelectric Nanogenerator Based on Intelligent Interactive System for Police Shooting Training Monitoring and Virtual Reality Interaction. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:ma15186228. [PMID: 36143541 PMCID: PMC9500841 DOI: 10.3390/ma15186228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A self-powered triboelectric nanogenerator (SPTENG) based on triboelectric effect and an intelligent interactive system are fabricated for monitoring shooting training and virtual training. The SPTENG is composed of latex and PTFE and an intelligent system. Based on triboelectric effect, the SPTENG can be used to monitor the progress of trigger pressing without a power supply (this is supplied by trigger movements). Because of the flexible properties, it can be attached to a trigger conveniently to monitor the progress of trigger pressing, such as trigger time, trigger stability, etc. Meanwhile, as part of an intelligent shooting system, police can formulate a standard scheme according to signals to improve their skills. Furthermore, they can use it to train between reality and virtuality. Therefore, it has a wide development space in human-computer interaction and real-time information processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songyang Li
- Police Skills and Tactics Training Department, Criminal Investigation Police University of China, Shenyang 110035, China
| | - Changjun Jia
- Physical Education Department, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Fengxin Sun
- Physical Education Department, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Yongsheng Zhu
- Physical Education Department, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
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He S, Wang Z, Zhang X, Yuan Z, Sun Y, Cheng T, Wang ZL. Self-Powered Sensing for Non-Full Pipe Fluidic Flow Based on Triboelectric Nanogenerators. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:2825-2832. [PMID: 34995052 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c20509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Fluidic flow monitoring of a non-full pipe is of great significance in the field of energy measurement and pipeline transportation. In this work, a monitoring method based on triboelectric nanogenerators for non-full pipe fluidic flow of large pipelines is proposed. Specifically, a triboelectric non-full pipe flow sensor (TNPFS) is fabricated, which can monitor the flow velocity and the liquid level simultaneously, and then the flow can be obtained by conversion. For flow velocity monitoring, the flexible blades slide between electrodes, generating periodic electrical signals. Interestingly, the frequencies of the voltage and flow velocities show a good linear relationship. For liquid level monitoring, according to the principle of liquid-solid contact electrification, a variable area interdigital electrode with a stable signal distributed on a polytetrafluoroethylene tube is designed. The experiments demonstrate that the peak number and trend of the voltage derivative curve are related to the liquid level. Finally, a real-time flow-monitoring system is established to effectively monitor the flow from 94 to 264 L/min. Compared with the actual measured flow, the error rate is under 1.95%. In addition to this, the TNPFS also has good responsiveness in sewage. This work provides a novel method for fluidic flow monitoring, especially the non-full pipe flow of large pipelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyang He
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
- School of Mechatronic Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
| | - Xiaosong Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
- School of Mechatronic Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Zitang Yuan
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
- School of Mechatronic Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Yushan Sun
- School of Mechatronic Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Tinghai Cheng
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
- School of Mechatronic Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
- CUSTech Institute of Technology, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325024, China
| | - Zhong Lin Wang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
- CUSTech Institute of Technology, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325024, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0245, United States
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Network Topology Optimization of Triboelectric Nanogenerators for Effectively Harvesting Ocean Wave Energy. iScience 2020; 23:101848. [PMID: 33319175 PMCID: PMC7724192 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The emerging triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) network shows great potential in harvesting the ocean wave energy, which can help to achieve large-scale clean wave power generation. However, due to the lack of an effective networking strategy and theoretical guidance, the practicability of the TENG network is heavily restricted. In this paper, based on the typical spherical TENG, we investigated the networking design of TENGs. Four fundamental forms of electrical networking topology are proposed for large-scale TENG networks, and the influences of cable resistance and output phase asynchrony of each unit to the network output were systematically investigated. The research results show that the forms of electrical networking topology can produce an important influence on the output power of large-scale TENG networks. This is the first strategy analysis for the TENG network, which provides a theoretical basis and a universal method for the optimization design of large-scale power networks.
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Wang Z, Yu Y, Wang Y, Lu X, Cheng T, Bao G, Wang ZL. Magnetic Flap-Type Difunctional Sensor for Detecting Pneumatic Flow and Liquid Level Based on Triboelectric Nanogenerator. ACS NANO 2020; 14:5981-5987. [PMID: 32315160 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c01436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) has attracted increasing attention because it not only converts various mechanical energy into electrical energy but also produces electrical signals as responses. On the basis of the TENG, a magnetic flap type difunctional sensor (MFTDS) has been developed to detect pneumatic flow and liquid level. Consisting of an outer magnetic flap, an inner magnetic float, and a conical cavity, its working mechanism and output characteristics were studied. The MFTDS detects pneumatic flows from 10 to 200 L/min with a flow resolution of 2 L/min. Compared with a commercial flow switch, the MFTDS results are in good agreement. Moreover, the MFTDS detects changes in liquid levels. The effects of liquid level height and flow rate on the performance of the MFTDS were measured and compared with a commercial liquid-level sensor. The results indicate that the output voltage of the MFTDS varies linearly with height but is independent of flow rate. The heights of liquid level from 30 to 130 mm were effectively detected. This work promotes the prospect for multifunctional triboelectric sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
- School of Mechatronic Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
- School of Mechatronic Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Yingting Wang
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China
| | - Xiaohui Lu
- School of Mechatronic Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Tinghai Cheng
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
- School of Mechatronic Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Gang Bao
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China
| | - Zhong Lin Wang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0245, United States
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Wu Z, Cheng T, Wang ZL. Self-Powered Sensors and Systems Based on Nanogenerators. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E2925. [PMID: 32455713 PMCID: PMC7288337 DOI: 10.3390/s20102925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Sensor networks are essential for the development of the Internet of Things and the smart city. A general sensor, especially a mobile sensor, has to be driven by a power unit. When considering the high mobility, wide distribution and wireless operation of the sensors, their sustainable operation remains a critical challenge owing to the limited lifetime of an energy storage unit. In 2006, Wang proposed the concept of self-powered sensors/system, which harvests ambient energy to continuously drive a sensor without the use of an external power source. Based on the piezoelectric nanogenerator (PENG) and triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG), extensive studies have focused on self-powered sensors. TENG and PENG, as effective mechanical-to-electricity energy conversion technologies, have been used not only as power sources but also as active sensing devices in many application fields, including physical sensors, wearable devices, biomedical and health care, human-machine interface, chemical and environmental monitoring, smart traffic, smart cities, robotics, and fiber and fabric sensors. In this review, we systematically summarize the progress made by TENG and PENG in those application fields. A perspective will be given about the future of self-powered sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyi Wu
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; (Z.W.); (T.C.)
| | - Tinghai Cheng
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; (Z.W.); (T.C.)
| | - Zhong Lin Wang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; (Z.W.); (T.C.)
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
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Xi F, Pang Y, Li W, Bu T, Zhao J, Liu G, Guo T, Liu W, Zhang C. Tribotronic bipolar junction transistor for mechanical frequency monitoring and use as touch switch. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2018; 4:25. [PMID: 31057913 PMCID: PMC6220156 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-018-0026-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Revised: 06/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Tribotronics, a new field that involves the coupling of triboelectricity and semiconductors, has attracted great interest in the nanoenergy and nanoelectronics domains. This paper proposes a tribotronic bipolar junction transistor (TBJT) that incorporates a bipolar junction transistor and a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) in the single-electrode mode. When the mobile triboelectric layer slides on the device surface for electrification, a bias voltage is created and applied to the emitter junction, and then the base current from the TENG is amplified. Based on the fabricated TBJT, a mechanical frequency monitoring sensor with high sensitivity and excellent stability and a finger-triggered touch switch were developed. This work demonstrated for the first time a tribotronic device with simultaneously controlled voltage and current voltage/current simultaneously controlled tribotronic device, which has promising potential applications in micro/nano-sensors, human-machine interactions, intelligent instrumentation, wearable electronics, and other applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengben Xi
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100083 Beijing, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China
| | - Yaokun Pang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100083 Beijing, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China
| | - Wenjian Li
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100083 Beijing, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China
| | - Tianzhao Bu
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100083 Beijing, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China
| | - Junqing Zhao
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100083 Beijing, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China
| | - Guoxu Liu
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100083 Beijing, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China
| | - Tong Guo
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100083 Beijing, China
| | - Wenbo Liu
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100083 Beijing, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100083 Beijing, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China
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