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Güell-Grau P, Escudero P, Perdikos FG, López-Barbera JF, Pascual-Izarra C, Villa R, Nogués J, Sepúlveda B, Alvarez M. Mechanochromic Detection for Soft Opto-Magnetic Actuators. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:47871-47881. [PMID: 34597022 PMCID: PMC8517958 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c11710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
New multi-stimuli responsive materials are required in smart systems applications to overcome current limitations in remote actuation and to achieve versatile operation in inaccessible environments. The incorporation of detection mechanisms to quantify in real time the response to external stimuli is crucial for the development of automated systems. Here, we present the first wireless opto-magnetic actuator with mechanochromic response. The device, based on a nanostructured-iron (Fe) layer transferred onto suspended elastomer structures with a periodically corrugated backside, can be actuated both optically (in a broadband spectral range) and magnetically. The combined opto-magnetic stimulus can accurately modulate the mechanical response (strength and direction) of the device. The structural coloration generated at the corrugated back surface enables to easily map and quantify, in 2D, the mechanical deflections by analyzing in real time the hue changes of images taken using a conventional RGB smartphone camera, with a precision of 0.05°. We demonstrate the independent and synergetic optical and magnetic actuation and detection with a detection limit of 1.8 mW·cm-2 and 0.34 mT, respectively. The simple operation, versatility, and cost-effectiveness of the wireless multiactuated device with highly sensitive mechanochromic mapping paves the way to a new generation of wirelessly controlled smart systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pau Güell-Grau
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona (IMB-CNM, CSIC), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pedro Escudero
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona (IMB-CNM, CSIC), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Filippos Giannis Perdikos
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Rosa Villa
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona (IMB-CNM, CSIC), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- Networking Research Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep Nogués
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- ICREA, Pg. Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Borja Sepúlveda
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mar Alvarez
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona (IMB-CNM, CSIC), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- Networking Research Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Osotsi MI, Zhang W, Zada I, Gu J, Liu Q, Zhang D. Butterfly wing architectures inspire sensor and energy applications. Natl Sci Rev 2021; 8:nwaa107. [PMID: 34691587 PMCID: PMC8288439 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwaa107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural biological systems are constantly developing efficient mechanisms to counter adverse effects of increasing human population and depleting energy resources. Their intelligent mechanisms are characterized by the ability to detect changes in the environment, store and evaluate information, and respond to external stimuli. Bio-inspired replication into man-made functional materials guarantees enhancement of characteristics and performance. Specifically, butterfly architectures have inspired the fabrication of sensor and energy materials by replicating their unique micro/nanostructures, light-trapping mechanisms and selective responses to external stimuli. These bio-inspired sensor and energy materials have shown improved performance in harnessing renewable energy, environmental remediation and health monitoring. Therefore, this review highlights recent progress reported on the classification of butterfly wing scale architectures and explores several bio-inspired sensor and energy applications.
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Chen T, Zhao Q, Meng X, Li Y, Peng H, Whittaker AK, Zhu S. Ultrasensitive Magnetic Tuning of Optical Properties of Films of Cholesteric Cellulose Nanocrystals. ACS NANO 2020; 14:9440-9448. [PMID: 32574040 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c00506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Chiral photonic crystals derived from the self-assembly of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) have found important applications in optical devices due to the capacity to adjust the chiral nematic phase under external stimulus, in particular an applied magnetic field. To date, strong magnetic fields have been required to induce an optical response in CNC films. In this work, the self-assembly of films of CNCs can be tuned by applying an ultrasmall magnetic field. The CNCs, decorated with Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4/CNCs), were dispersed in suspensions of neat CNCs so as to alter the magnetic response of the CNCs. A subsequent process of dispersion not only prevents the clumping of the magnetic nanoparticles but also enhances the sensitivity to an applied magnetic field. A small magnetic field of 7 mT can tune the self-assembly and the microstructure of the CNCs. The pitch of the chiral structure decreased with an increase in applied magnetic field, from 302 to 206 nm, for fields from 7 to 15 mT. This phenomenon is opposite that observed for neat CNCs, in which the pitch is observed to increase with an increase in the external magnetic strength. The optical response under application of an ultrasmall magnetic field could help with theoretical research and enable more applications, such as sensors or nanotemplating agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianxing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinglan Zhao
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Xin Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Peng
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology and ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Andrew K Whittaker
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology and ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Shenmin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
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Zhu C, Lu Y, Sun J, Yu Y. Dynamic Interfacial Regulation by Photodeformable Azobenzene-Containing Liquid Crystal Polymer Micro/Nanostructures. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:6611-6625. [PMID: 32449856 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c00582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Photoresponsive materials offer local, temporal, and remote control over their chemical or physical properties under external stimuli, giving new tools for interfacial regulation. Among all, photodeformable azobenzene-containing liquid crystal polymers (azo-LCPs) have received increasing attention because they can be processed into various micro/nanostructures and have the potential to reversibly tune the interfacial properties through chemical and/or morphological variation by light, providing effective dynamic interface regulation. In this feature article, we highlight the milestones in the dynamic regulation of different interfacial properties through micro/nanostructures made of photodeformable azobenzene-containing liquid crystal polymers (azo-LCPs). We describe the preparation of different azo-LCP micro/nanostructures from the aspects of materials and processing techniques and reveal the importance of mesogen orientation toward dynamic interfacial regulation. By introducing our recently developed linear azo-LCP (azo-LLCP) with good mechanical and photoresponsive performances, we discuss the challenge and opportunity with respect to the dynamic light regulation of two- and three-dimensional (2D/3D) micro/nanostructures to tune their related interfacial properties. We have also given our expectation toward exploring photodeformable micro/nanostructures for advanced applications such as in microfluidics, biosensors, and nanotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongyu Zhu
- Department of Materials Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yao Lu
- Department of Materials Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jiahao Sun
- Department of Materials Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yanlei Yu
- Department of Materials Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
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Shen Q, Luo Z, Ma S, Tao P, Song C, Wu J, Shang W, Deng T. Bioinspired Infrared Sensing Materials and Systems. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1707632. [PMID: 29750376 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201707632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2017] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Bioinspired engineering offers a promising alternative approach in accelerating the development of many man-made systems. Next-generation infrared (IR) sensing systems can also benefit from such nature-inspired approach. The inherent compact and uncooled operation of biological IR sensing systems provides ample inspiration for the engineering of portable and high-performance artificial IR sensing systems. This review overviews the current understanding of the biological IR sensing systems, most of which are thermal-based IR sensors that rely on either bolometer-like or photomechanic sensing mechanism. The existing efforts inspired by the biological IR sensing systems and possible future bioinspired approaches in the development of new IR sensing systems are also discussed in the review. Besides these biological IR sensing systems, other biological systems that do not have IR sensing capabilities but can help advance the development of engineered IR sensing systems are also discussed, and the related engineering efforts are overviewed as well. Further efforts in understanding the biological IR sensing systems, the learning from the integration of multifunction in biological systems, and the reduction of barriers to maximize the multidiscipline collaborations are needed to move this research field forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingchen Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Peng Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Chengyi Song
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Jianbo Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Wen Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Tao Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
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