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Kyaw HH, Myint MTZ, Al-Belushi MA, Dobretsov S, Al-Abri M. Nanomaterial grafted polymorphous activated carbon cloth surface for antibacterial, capacitive deionization and oil spill cleaning applications. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 350:141053. [PMID: 38154669 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.141053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
This work reports the development of multifunctional or polymorphous surfaces using zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods, silica (SiO2), and fluoropolymer functionalization in a sequential process. Firstly, zinc oxide nanorods were grown on activated carbon cloth (ACC) using a simple low-temperature synthesis process. ZnO nanorods-coated ACC substrate was applied to investigate the antimicrobial properties, and the results showed inhibition of 50% for Escherichia coli (E.coli) and 55% for Bacillus subtilis (B.subtilis) over 48 h of incubation time. Subsequent in-situ modification of silica nanoparticles like layer on ZnO nanorods-coated ACC surface was developed and used as an electrode for brackish water desalination in a capacitive deionization system. ZnO-SiO2 modified ACC surface enhanced the desalination efficiency by 1.6 times, the salt removal rate (SRR) by threefold, and the durability (fouling prevention) for long-term usage compared to pristine ACC. Further modification of the ZnO-SiO2-ACC surface using fluoropolymer rendered the surface superhydrophobic and oleophilic. Vegetable (1.4 g/g) and crude oil (1.6 g/g) adsorption capacities were achieved for modified surface which was 70% enhancement compared with pristine ACC. The dynamic oil spill adsorption test exhibited the complete removal of oil spills on water surfaces within a few seconds, suggesting a potential application in oil spill cleaning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Htet Htet Kyaw
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Sultan Qaboos University, PO Box 33, Al-Khoudh, 123, Muscat, Oman
| | - Myo Tay Zar Myint
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, PO Box 36, Al-Khoudh, 123, Muscat, Oman.
| | - Mohammed A Al-Belushi
- Department of Marine Science and Fisheries, College of Agriculture and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, PO Box 34, Al-Khoudh, 123, Muscat, Oman; Central Laboratory for Food Safety, Food Safety and Quality Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries Wealth & Water Resources, PO Box 3094, Airport Central Post,111, Muscat, Oman
| | - Sergey Dobretsov
- Department of Marine Science and Fisheries, College of Agriculture and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, PO Box 34, Al-Khoudh, 123, Muscat, Oman
| | - Mohammed Al-Abri
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Sultan Qaboos University, PO Box 33, Al-Khoudh, 123, Muscat, Oman; Department of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sultan Qaboos University, PO Box 33, Al-Khoudh, 123, Muscat, Oman.
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Mer K, Egiebor NO, Tao W, Sajjadi B, Wijethunga UK, Leem G. Capacitive removal of Pb ions via electrosorption on novel willow biochar-manganese dioxide composites. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2024; 45:999-1012. [PMID: 36215094 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2022.2135028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Biochar derived from lignocellulosic biomass has been used as a low-cost adsorbent in wastewater treatment applications. Due to its rich porous structure and good electrical conductivity, biochar can be used as a cost-effective electrode material for capacitive deionization of water. In this work, willow biochar was prepared through carbonization of shrub willow chips, activated with potassium hydroxide, and loaded with manganese dioxide (WBC-K-MnO2 nanocomposite). The prepared materials were used to electrochemically adsorb Pb2+ from aqueous solutions. Under the applied potential of 1.0 V, the WBC-K-MnO2 electrode exhibited a high Pb2+ specific electrosorption capacity (23.3 mg/g) as compared to raw willow biochar (4.0 mg/g) and activated willow biochar (9.2 mg/g). KOH activation followed by MnO2 loading on the surface of raw biochar enhanced its BET surface area (178.7 m2/g) and mesoporous volume ratio (42.1%). Moreover, the WBC-K-MnO2 nanocomposite exhibited the highest specific capacitance value of 234.3 F/g at a scan rate of 5 mV/s. The electrosorption isotherms and kinetic data were well explained by the Freundlich and pseudo-second order models, respectively. The WBC-K-MnO2 electrode demonstrated excellent reusability with a Pb2+ electrosorption efficiency of 76.3% after 15 cycles. Thus, the WBC-K-MnO2 nanocomposite can serve as a promising candidate for capacitive deionization of heavy metal contaminated water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalyani Mer
- Department of Environmental Resources Engineering, SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Nosa O Egiebor
- Department of Environmental Resources Engineering, SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Wendong Tao
- Department of Environmental Resources Engineering, SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Baharak Sajjadi
- School of Petroleum and Geological Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
| | - Udani K Wijethunga
- Department of Chemistry, SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Gyu Leem
- Department of Chemistry, SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY, USA
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Rethinasabapathy M, Bhaskaran G, Hwang SK, Ryu TG, Huh YS. Efficient lithium extraction using redox-active prussian blue nanoparticles-anchored activated carbon intercalation electrodes via membrane capacitive deionization. CHEMOSPHERE 2023:139256. [PMID: 37331664 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Global demand for lithium (Li) resources has dramatically increased due to the demand for clean energy, especially the large-scale usage of lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles. Membrane capacitive deionization (MCDI) is an energy and cost-efficient electrochemical technology at the forefront of Li extraction from natural resources such as brine and seawater. In this study, we designed high-performance MCDI electrodes by compositing Li+ intercalation redox-active Prussian blue (PB) nanoparticles with highly conductive porous activated carbon (AC) matrix for the selective extraction of Li+. Herein, we prepared a series of PB-anchored AC composites (AC/PB) containing different percentages (20%, 40%, 60%, and 80%) of PB by weight (AC/PB-20%, AC/PB-40%, AC/PB-60%, and AC/PB-80%, respectively). The AC/PB-20% electrode with uniformly anchored PB nanoparticles over AC matrix enhanced the number of active sites for electrochemical reaction, promoted electron/ion transport paths, and facilitated abundant channels for the reversible insertion/de-insertion of Li+ by PB, which resulted in stronger current response, higher specific capacitance (159 F g-1), and reduced interfacial resistance for the transport of Li+ and electrons. An asymmetric MCDI cell assembled with AC/PB-20% as cathode and AC as anode (AC//AC-PB20%) displayed outstanding Li+ electrosorption capacity of 24.42 mg g-1 and a mean salt removal rate of 2.71 mg g min-1 in 5 mM LiCl aqueous solution at 1.4 V with high cyclic stability. After 50 electrosorption-desorption cycles, 95.11% of the initial electrosorption capacity was retained, reflecting its good electrochemical stability. The described strategy demonstrates the potential benefits of compositing intercalation pseudo capacitive redox material with Faradaic materials for the design of advanced MCDI electrodes for real-life Li+ extraction applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muruganantham Rethinasabapathy
- NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Department of Biological Science and Bioengineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Gokul Bhaskaran
- NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Department of Biological Science and Bioengineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Kyu Hwang
- NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Department of Biological Science and Bioengineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Gong Ryu
- Resources Utilization Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources, Daejeon, 34132, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yun Suk Huh
- NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Department of Biological Science and Bioengineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea.
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Zhang X, Toledo-Carrillo EA, Yu D, Dutta J. Effect of Surface Charge on the Fabrication of Hierarchical Mn-Based Prussian Blue Analogue for Capacitive Desalination. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:40371-40381. [PMID: 36006982 PMCID: PMC9460436 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c08192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Multiple and hierarchical manganese (Mn)-based Prussian blue analogues obtained on different substrates are successfully prepared using a universal, facile, and simple strategy. Different functional groups and surface charge distributions on carbon cloth have significant effects on the morphologies and nanostructures of Mn-based Prussian blue analogues, thereby indirectly affecting their physicochemical properties. Combined with the advantages of the modified carbon cloth and the nanostructured Mn-based Prussian blue analogues, the composite with negative surface charge formed by the electronegativity differences shows good electrochemical properties, leading to improvement in charge efficiency during capacitive desalination. An asymmetric device fabricated with Mn-based Prussian blue analogue-modified F-doped carbon cloth as the cathode and acid-treated carbon cloth as the anode presents the highest salt adsorption capacity of 10.92 mg g-1 with a charge efficiency of 82.28% and the lowest energy consumption of 0.45 kW h m-3 at 1 V due to the main influencing factor from the negative surface charge leading to co-ion expulsion boosting the capacitive deionization performance. We provide insights for further exploration of the relationship between second-phase materials and carbon cloth, while offering some guidance for the design and preparation of electrodes for desalination and beyond.
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Electrochemical investigation of carbon paper/ZnO nanocomposite electrodes for capacitive anion capturing. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11843. [PMID: 35821513 PMCID: PMC9276741 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15771-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we demonstrate an effective anion capturing in an aqueous medium using a highly porous carbon paper decorated with ZnO nanorods. A sol-gel technique was first employed to form a thin and compact seed layer of ZnO nanoparticles on the dense network of carbon fibers in the carbon paper. Subsequently, ZnO nanorods were successfully grown on the pre-seeded carbon papers using inexpensive chemical bath deposition. The prepared porous electrodes were electrochemically investigated for improved charge storage and stability under long-term operational conditions. The results show effective capacitive deionization with a maximum areal capacitance of 2 mF/cm2, an energy consumption of 50 kJ per mole of chlorine ions, and an excellent long-term stability of the fabricated C-ZnO electrodes. The experimental results are supported by COMSOL simulations. Besides the demonstrated capacitive desalination application, our results can directly be used to realize suitable electrodes for energy storage in supercapacitors.
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Nordstrand J, Kloo L. Electrostatic interactions and physisorption: mechanisms of passive cesium adsorption on Prussian blue. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:25452-25461. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cp04317c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The study finds atomic-level physisorption interactions that leads to electrostatic Langmuir adsorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Nordstrand
- Functional Materials, Applied Physics Department, School of Engineering Sciences, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova universitetscentrum, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Kloo
- Applied Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
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Honarparvar S, Zhang X, Chen T, Alborzi A, Afroz K, Reible D. Frontiers of Membrane Desalination Processes for Brackish Water Treatment: A Review. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:246. [PMID: 33805438 PMCID: PMC8066301 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11040246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Climate change, population growth, and increased industrial activities are exacerbating freshwater scarcity and leading to increased interest in desalination of saline water. Brackish water is an attractive alternative to freshwater due to its low salinity and widespread availability in many water-scarce areas. However, partial or total desalination of brackish water is essential to reach the water quality requirements for a variety of applications. Selection of appropriate technology requires knowledge and understanding of the operational principles, capabilities, and limitations of the available desalination processes. Proper combination of feedwater technology improves the energy efficiency of desalination. In this article, we focus on pressure-driven and electro-driven membrane desalination processes. We review the principles, as well as challenges and recent improvements for reverse osmosis (RO), nanofiltration (NF), electrodialysis (ED), and membrane capacitive deionization (MCDI). RO is the dominant membrane process for large-scale desalination of brackish water with higher salinity, while ED and MCDI are energy-efficient for lower salinity ranges. Selective removal of multivalent components makes NF an excellent option for water softening. Brackish water desalination with membrane processes faces a series of challenges. Membrane fouling and scaling are the common issues associated with these processes, resulting in a reduction in their water recovery and energy efficiency. To overcome such adverse effects, many efforts have been dedicated toward development of pre-treatment steps, surface modification of membranes, use of anti-scalant, and modification of operational conditions. However, the effectiveness of these approaches depends on the fouling propensity of the feed water. In addition to the fouling and scaling, each process may face other challenges depending on their state of development and maturity. This review provides recent advances in the material, architecture, and operation of these processes that can assist in the selection and design of technologies for particular applications. The active research directions to improve the performance of these processes are also identified. The review shows that technologies that are tunable and particularly efficient for partial desalination such as ED and MCDI are increasingly competitive with traditional RO processes. Development of cost-effective ion exchange membranes with high chemical and mechanical stability can further improve the economy of desalination with electro-membrane processes and advance their future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soraya Honarparvar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (S.H.); (X.Z.); (T.C.); (K.A.)
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (S.H.); (X.Z.); (T.C.); (K.A.)
| | - Tianyu Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (S.H.); (X.Z.); (T.C.); (K.A.)
| | - Ashkan Alborzi
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Construction Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA;
| | - Khurshida Afroz
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (S.H.); (X.Z.); (T.C.); (K.A.)
| | - Danny Reible
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (S.H.); (X.Z.); (T.C.); (K.A.)
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Construction Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA;
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Toledo-Carrillo E, Zhang X, Laxman K, Dutta J. Asymmetric electrode capacitive deionization for energy efficient desalination. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.136939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Kyaw HH, Myint MTZ, Al-Harthi S, Al-Abri M. Removal of heavy metal ions by capacitive deionization: Effect of surface modification on ions adsorption. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 385:121565. [PMID: 31732340 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Activated carbon cloth (ACC) coated with zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) have been used as electrodes in flow-by capacitive deionization (CDI) system. Aqueous solution of individual Pb2+ and Cd2+ ions and mixed Pb2+ and Cd2+ ions were used as test contaminant in CDI system to study the effect of surface modification upon ions removal efficiency. Due to the aggregated structure of ZnO NPs on ACC surface, the modified ACC electrodes develop the additional surface area as well as dielectric barrier therefore resulting in higher specific capacitance. In addition, coating with ZnO NPs effectively reduced physical adsorption whereby enhanced the ions adsorption rate and capacity during electrosorption process. Upon incorporating with ZnO NPs, the electrosorption efficiency was enhanced from 17% to 33% for Pb2+, from 21% to 29% for Cd2+ and from 21% to 35% for mixed Pb2+ and Cd2+ ions. The power consumption of individual ions and mixed ions removal process for ACC and ZnO NPs modified ACC were also discussed. Furthermore, used ACC electrodes surfaces were examined using photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and results were also conferred. The CDI ACC electrodes with ZnO NPs showed a promising and an effective way for heavy metal removal applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Htet Htet Kyaw
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 33, Al-Khoudh, Muscat 123, Oman
| | - Myo Tay Zar Myint
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 36, Al-Khoudh, Muscat 123, Oman
| | - Salim Al-Harthi
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 36, Al-Khoudh, Muscat 123, Oman
| | - Mohammed Al-Abri
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 33, Al-Khoudh, Muscat 123, Oman; Petroleum and Chemical Engineering Department, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 33, Al-Khoudh, Muscat 123, Oman.
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Santos C, García-Quismondo E, Palma J, Anderson MA, Lado JJ. Understanding capacitive deionization performance by comparing its electrical response with an electrochemical supercapacitor: Strategies to boost round-trip efficiency. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.135216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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