1
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Balakrishnan P, Gopi S. Revolutionizing transdermal drug delivery: unveiling the potential of cubosomes and ethosomes. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:4335-4360. [PMID: 38619889 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb02927a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
The area of drug delivery systems has witnessed significant advancements in recent years, with a particular focus on improving efficacy, stability, and patient compliance. Transdermal drug delivery offers numerous benefits compared to conventional methods of drug administration through the skin. It helps in avoiding gastric irritation, hepatic first-pass metabolism, and gastric degradation of the drug. It bypasses the gastrointestinal tract, eliminating the risk of first-pass metabolism and allowing drugs to be administered without being affected by pH, enzymes, or intestinal bacteria. Additionally, it allows for sustained release of the drug, is noninvasive, and enhances patient adherence to the treatment regimen. The transdermal drug delivery system (TDDS) can serve as an alternative route for drug administration in individuals who cannot tolerate oral medications, experience nausea, or are unconscious. When compared to intravenous, hypodermic, and other parenteral routes, TDDS stands out due to its ability to eliminate pain, reduce the risk of infection, and prevent disease transmission associated with needle reuse. Consequently, the overall patient compliance is significantly improved with the utilization of TDDS. Among the noteworthy developments are cubosomes and ethosomes, two distinct yet promising carriers that have garnered attention for their unique properties. In conclusion, this review synthesizes the current knowledge on cubosomes and ethosomes, shedding light on their individual strengths and potential synergies. The exploration of their application in various therapeutic areas underscores their versatility and establishes them as key players in the evolving landscape of drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preetha Balakrishnan
- Molecules Biolabs Private Limited, First Floor, 3/634, Commercial Building Kinfra Konoor Road, Muringur, Vadakkummuri, Thrissur, Kerala Kinfra Park Koratti Mukundapuram, Thrissur, KL 680309, India.
| | - Sreerag Gopi
- Molecules Biolabs Private Limited, First Floor, 3/634, Commercial Building Kinfra Konoor Road, Muringur, Vadakkummuri, Thrissur, Kerala Kinfra Park Koratti Mukundapuram, Thrissur, KL 680309, India.
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2
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Yaghmur A, Moghimi SM. Intrinsic and Dynamic Heterogeneity of Nonlamellar Lyotropic Liquid Crystalline Nanodispersions. ACS NANO 2023; 17:22183-22195. [PMID: 37943319 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c09231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Nonlamellar lyotropic liquid crystalline (LLC) nanoparticles are a family of versatile nano-self-assemblies, which are finding increasing applications in drug solubilization and targeted drug delivery. LLC nanodispersions are heterogeneous with discrete nanoparticle subpopulations of distinct internal architecture and morphology, frequently coexisting with micelles and/or vesicles. Diversity in the internal architectural repertoire of LLC nanodispersions grants versatility in drug solubilization, encapsulation, and release rate. However, drug incorporation contributes to the heterogeneity of LLC nanodispersions, and on exposure to biological media, LLC nanodispersions often undergo nanostructural and morphological transformations. From a pharmaceutical perspective, coexistence of multiple types of nanoparticles with diverse structural attributes, together with media-driven transformations in colloidal characteristics, brings challenges in dissecting biological and therapeutic performance of LLC nanodispersions in a spatiotemporal manner. Here, we outline innate and acquired heterogeneity of LLC nanodispersions and discuss technological developments and alternative approaches needed to improve homogeneity of LLC formulations for drug delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anan Yaghmur
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - S Moein Moghimi
- School of Pharmacy, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
- Colorado Center for Nanomedicine and Nanosafety, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, 12850 East Montview Boulevard, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
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3
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Fracassi A, Podolsky KA, Pandey S, Xu C, Hutchings J, Seifert S, Baiz CR, Sinha SK, Devaraj NK. Characterizing the Self-Assembly Properties of Monoolein Lipid Isosteres. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:1771-1779. [PMID: 36795462 PMCID: PMC9986874 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c07215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Living cells feature lipid compartments which exhibit a variety of shapes and structures that assist essential cellular processes. Many natural cell compartments frequently adopt convoluted nonlamellar lipid architectures that facilitate specific biological reactions. Improved methods for controlling the structural organization of artificial model membranes would facilitate investigations into how membrane morphology affects biological functions. Monoolein (MO) is a single-chain amphiphile which forms nonlamellar lipid phases in aqueous solution and has wide applications in nanomaterial development, the food industry, drug delivery, and protein crystallization. However, even if MO has been extensively studied, simple isosteres of MO, while readily accessible, have seen limited characterization. An improved understanding of how relatively minor changes in lipid chemical structure affect self-assembly and membrane topology could instruct the construction of artificial cells and organelles for modeling biological structures and facilitate nanomaterial-based applications. Here, we investigate the differences in self-assembly and large-scale organization between MO and two MO lipid isosteres. We show that replacing the ester linkage between the hydrophilic headgroup and hydrophobic hydrocarbon chain with a thioesther or amide functional group results in the assembly of lipid structures with different phases not resembling those formed by MO. Using light and cryo-electron microscopy, small-angle X-ray scattering, and infrared spectroscopy, we demonstrate differences in the molecular ordering and large-scale architectures of the self-assembled structures made from MO and its isosteric analogues. These results improve our understanding of the molecular underpinnings of lipid mesophase assembly and may facilitate the development of MO-based materials for biomedicine and as model lipid compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Fracassi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Natural Sciences Building 3328, La Jolla, California92093, United States
| | - Kira A Podolsky
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Natural Sciences Building 3328, La Jolla, California92093, United States
| | - Sudip Pandey
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mayer Hall Addition 4561, La Jolla, California92093, United States
| | - Cong Xu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 E. 24th St. Stop A5300, Austin, Texas78712-1224, United States
| | - Joshua Hutchings
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California92093, United States
| | - Soenke Seifert
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois60439, United States
| | - Carlos R Baiz
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 E. 24th St. Stop A5300, Austin, Texas78712-1224, United States
| | - Sunil K Sinha
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mayer Hall Addition 4561, La Jolla, California92093, United States
| | - Neal K Devaraj
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Natural Sciences Building 3328, La Jolla, California92093, United States
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4
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Deconstruction of technical grade diglycerol isostearate enables the controlled preparation of hexosomes and liposomes. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.117594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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5
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Wen W, Guan S, Yang Z, Chen A. Inverse Bicontinuous Structure by Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly Against Single-Chain Nanoparticles. ACS Macro Lett 2021; 10:603-608. [PMID: 35570775 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.1c00156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Polymer particles with inverse bicontinuous structures have attracted considerable attention due to their diverse applications. The conventional generation requires controlling numerous key parameters under strict conditions, such as solvent property, polymer composition, and architecture. In order to improve the preparation efficiency within a broad window, we employed a method by polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) against intramolecularly folded single-chain nanoparticles (SCNPs). The SCNPs bear an active site for further polymerization. The SCNPs with smaller sizes facilitate easier controlling of the packing parameter above unity to meet the requirement of the unique structures. The concept is demonstrated by forming the inverse bicontinuous structure through PISA in ethanol against two SCNPs of P4VP(SCNPx%)35-CTA and P(PEGMA20-co-TMSPMA4)(SCNP16.7%)-CTA. The unique structure is easily achieved when growing a relatively shorter polymer chain within a broad window. The work paves the avenue to prepare polymer particles with the unique structure in large scale, and other functional materials are expected by using the functional SCNPs or favorable growth of desired materials within the particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Song Guan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhenzhong Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Aihua Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
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Salvati Manni L, Duss M, Assenza S, Boyd BJ, Landau EM, Fong WK. Enzymatic hydrolysis of monoacylglycerols and their cyclopropanated derivatives: Molecular structure and nanostructure determine the rate of digestion. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 588:767-775. [PMID: 33309146 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.11.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Colloidal lipidic particles with different space groups and geometries (mesosomes) are employed in the development of new nanosystems for the oral delivery of drugs and nutrients. Understanding of the enzymatic digestion rate of these particles is key to the development of novel formulations. In this work, the molecular structure of the lipids has been systematically tuned to examine the effect on their self-assembly and digestion rate. The kinetic and phase changes during the lipase-catalysed hydrolysis of mesosomes formed by four synthetic cyclopropanated lipids and their cis-unsaturated analogues were monitored by dynamic small angle X-ray scattering and acid/base titration. It was established that both the phase behaviour and kinetics of the hydrolysis are greatly affected by small changes in the molecular structure of the lipid as well as by the internal nanostructure of the colloidal particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia Salvati Manni
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland; School of Chemistry and University of Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Michael Duss
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland; Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Salvatore Assenza
- Departamento de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain; Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ben J Boyd
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics and ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University (Parkville Campus), 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Ehud M Landau
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Wye-Khay Fong
- Discipline of Chemistry, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan 2308, NSW, Australia.
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7
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Wei S, Zhang J, Li S, Ma X. “Ship‐in‐a‐Bottle” Strategy for Immobilization of 9‐Amino(9‐deoxy)
epi
‐Cinchona Alkaloid into Molecularly Imprinted Solid Acid: Acetal Hydrolysis/Asymmetric Aldol Tandem Reaction. ChemCatChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202001402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wei
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Southwest University Chongqing 400715 P. R. China
| | - Jianing Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Southwest University Chongqing 400715 P. R. China
| | - Shan Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Southwest University Chongqing 400715 P. R. China
| | - Xuebing Ma
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Southwest University Chongqing 400715 P. R. China
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8
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Kwon JH, Kim J, Kim KT. Photo-crosslinked polymer cubosomes as a recyclable nanoreactor in organic solvents. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00115a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Photo-crosslinked polymer cubosomes can work as robust nanoreactor under organic solvent condition without structural degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ho Kwon
- Department of Chemistry
- Seoul National University
- Seoul 08826
- Korea
| | - Jiwon Kim
- Department of Chemistry
- Seoul National University
- Seoul 08826
- Korea
| | - Kyoung Taek Kim
- Department of Chemistry
- Seoul National University
- Seoul 08826
- Korea
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9
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Alarcón‐Matus E, Alvarado C, Romero‐Ceronio N, Ramos‐Rivera EM, Lobato‐García CE. Proline‐derived Long‐aliphatic‐chain Amphiphilic Organocatalysts (PDLACAOs) for Asymmetric Reactions in Aqueous Media. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202000419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erika Alarcón‐Matus
- División Académica de Ciencias Básicas Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco Carretera Cunduacán-Jalpa Km 1, Col. La Esperanza 86690 Cunduacán Tabasco México
| | - Cuauhtémoc Alvarado
- División Académica de Ciencias Básicas Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco Carretera Cunduacán-Jalpa Km 1, Col. La Esperanza 86690 Cunduacán Tabasco México
| | - Nancy Romero‐Ceronio
- División Académica de Ciencias Básicas Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco Carretera Cunduacán-Jalpa Km 1, Col. La Esperanza 86690 Cunduacán Tabasco México
| | - Erika M. Ramos‐Rivera
- División Académica de Ciencias Básicas Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco Carretera Cunduacán-Jalpa Km 1, Col. La Esperanza 86690 Cunduacán Tabasco México
| | - Carlos E. Lobato‐García
- División Académica de Ciencias Básicas Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco Carretera Cunduacán-Jalpa Km 1, Col. La Esperanza 86690 Cunduacán Tabasco México
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10
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Inverting structures: from micelles via emulsions to internally self-assembled water and oil continuous nanocarriers. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2020.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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11
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Nghiem TL, Coban D, Tjaberings S, Gröschel AH. Recent Advances in the Synthesis and Application of Polymer Compartments for Catalysis. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2190. [PMID: 32987965 PMCID: PMC7600123 DOI: 10.3390/polym12102190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Catalysis is one of the most important processes in nature, science, and technology, that enables the energy efficient synthesis of essential organic compounds, pharmaceutically active substances, and molecular energy sources. In nature, catalytic reactions typically occur in aqueous environments involving multiple catalytic sites. To prevent the deactivation of catalysts in water or avoid unwanted cross-reactions, catalysts are often site-isolated in nanopockets or separately stored in compartments. These concepts have inspired the design of a range of synthetic nanoreactors that allow otherwise unfeasible catalytic reactions in aqueous environments. Since the field of nanoreactors is evolving rapidly, we here summarize-from a personal perspective-prominent and recent examples for polymer nanoreactors with emphasis on their synthesis and their ability to catalyze reactions in dispersion. Examples comprise the incorporation of catalytic sites into hydrophobic nanodomains of single chain polymer nanoparticles, molecular polymer nanoparticles, and block copolymer micelles and vesicles. We focus on catalytic reactions mediated by transition metal and organocatalysts, and the separate storage of multiple catalysts for one-pot cascade reactions. Efforts devoted to the field of nanoreactors are relevant for catalytic chemistry and nanotechnology, as well as the synthesis of pharmaceutical and natural compounds. Optimized nanoreactors will aid in the development of more potent catalytic systems for green and fast reaction sequences contributing to sustainable chemistry by reducing waste of solvents, reagents, and energy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - André H. Gröschel
- Physical Chemistry and Centre for Soft Nanoscience (SoN), University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (T.-L.N.); (D.C.); (S.T.)
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12
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Vallooran JJ, Duss M, Ansorge P, Mezzenga R, Landau EM. Stereochemical Purity Can Induce a New Crystalline Mesophase in Phytantriol Lipids. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:9132-9141. [PMID: 32654490 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c01344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The impact of stereochemical purity of lipids on their self-assembly behavior is critical for establishing their true phase behavior from their commercial counterparts, which often contains stereoisomeric mixtures and other impurities. Here, stereochemically pure phytantriol (PT), (3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadecane-1,2,3-triol) was synthesized from the natural trans-phytol and its thermotropic and lyotropic phase behavior in water investigated by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), polarized optical microscopy (POM), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). These chemically pure lipids contain two chiral centers at the hydrophilic head group region and two chiral centers at the lipophilic tail region, allowing us to address the question of whether the molecular stereochemistry is related to the macroscopic phase behavior of phytantriol. In contrast to its commercial stereoisomeric mixtures, which form an isotropic micellar phase, neat (2S,3S,7R,11R)-3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadecane-1,2,3-triol (S,S-PT) shows a smectic lamellar phase at room temperature, whereas (2R,3R,7R,11R)-3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadecane-1,2,3-triol (R,R-PT) forms solid crystals. The lyotropic phase behavior of R,R-PT appears to be identical to that of the previously reported commercial stereoisomeric PT mixtures. In contrast, S,S-PT exhibits a different phase behavior. A lamellar crystalline phase (Lc) is formed instead of an isotropic micellar phase at a low water content, which also coexisted with other phases at low temperature. Subtle change in the shape of the diastereomers leads to variable steric interactions and subsequently affects the packing of the lipids at the molecular level, thereby influencing its self-assembling behavior. Finally, lipidic cubic phase crystallization of the membrane protein bacteriorhodopsin yielded a larger number of microcrystals with a higher average crystal length from S,S-PT than from commercial PT, suggesting faster nucleation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jijo J Vallooran
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Duss
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Ansorge
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Raffaele Mezzenga
- Department of Health Sciences & Technology, ETH Zurich, Schmelzbergstrasse 9, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Ehud M Landau
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
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13
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Salvati Manni L, Fong WK, Mezzenga R. Lipid-based mesophases as matrices for nanoscale reactions. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2020; 5:914-927. [PMID: 32322863 DOI: 10.1039/d0nh00079e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Lipidic mesophases are versatile bioorganic materials that have been effectively employed as nanoscale matrices for membrane protein crystallization, drug delivery and as food emulsifiers over the last 30 years. In this review, the focus is upon studies that have employed non-lamellar lipid mesophases as matrices for organic, inorganic and enzymatic reactions. The ability of lipidic mesophases to incorporate hydrophilic, amphiphilic and hydrophobic molecules, together with the high interfacial area of the lipidic cubic and inverse hexagonal phases has been exploited in heterogeneous catalysis as well as for enzyme immobilization. The unique nanostructure of these mesophases is the driving force behind their ability to act as templates for synthesis, resulting in the creation of highly ordered polymeric and inorganic materials with complex geometries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia Salvati Manni
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
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14
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Cheng L, Zhao K, Zhang Q, Li Y, Zhai Q, Chen J, Lou Y. Chiral Proline-Decorated Bifunctional Pd@NH2-UiO-66 Catalysts for Efficient Sequential Suzuki Coupling/Asymmetric Aldol Reactions. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:7991-8001. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c00065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Cheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Kaiyuan Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Qingsong Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Yiming Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Qingchao Zhai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Jinxi Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Yongbing Lou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
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15
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Abstract
Block copolymers (BCPs) have been indispensable building blocks to create a range of soft nanostructures including discrete particulates (micelles and vesicles) and periodic structures via spontaneous assembly in bulk and in solution. The size, shape, and phase of these structures can be controlled by the rational design of the molecular structure of building blocks based on the structural analogy of BCPs to lipids and small molecule surfactants. Inverse bicontinuous cubic mesophases of polymers, or polymer cubosomes when in colloidal forms, are emerging nanostructures composed of triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMSs) of block copolymer bilayers. Created by spontaneous assembly of BCPs in solution, polymer cubosomes internalize two nonintersecting nanochannel networks arranged in a cubic crystalline order. As well-defined porous particles with highly ordered internal structures and high surface-area-to-volume ratios, polymer cubosomes can be used for chemical reactors or bioreactors, carriers capable of cargo loading and release, and scaffolds for nanotemplating. However, despite their structural similarity to lipid cubosomes and applicability, polymer cubosomes have been only sporadically observed as an outcome of serendipity until recent studies demonstrated that BCPs could form well-defined polymer cubosomes in solution.In this Account, we describe our recent progress in creating polymer cubic mesophases and their colloidal particles (polymer cubosomes) in dilute solution. BCPs with nonlinear architectures (dendritic-linear, branched-linear, and branched-branched BCPs) preferentially self-assembled to inverse mesophases in solution when the block ratio (f), defined as a molecular weight ratio of the hydrophilic block to that of the hydrophobic block, was small (<10%). The resulting lyotropic structures transformed from flat bilayers to cubic phases of primitive cubic and double diamond lattices and finally to inverted hexagonal phases as f decreased. We proposed that the architecture of a BCP plays an important role in the preferential formation of polymer cubosomes in solution. The presence of the bulky hydrophilic block limited chain stretching of the hydrophobic polymer block, which would increase the packing parameter of the BCP to greater than unity, a prerequisite for inverse mesophase formation. The structural characteristics of polymer cubosomes, such as lattice symmetries, pore sizes, and lattice parameters, could also be controlled by fine-tuning the structural parameters of BCPs. We also suggested nonsynthetic methods to precisely control the phase and internal lattice of inverse mesophases of BCPs by the coassembly of two BCPs with different block ratios (mix-and-match approach) and the modulation of the affinity of the common solvent toward the hydrophobic block of the BCP. To investigate the potential applications of polymer cubosomes, we prepared inorganic photonic crystals using a cubosome-templated synthesis. We also discussed the utilization of cubosomes as chemical reactors by functionalization of the surface and the covalent stabilization of transient self-assembled structures via cross-linking of the hydrophobic domain. This Account reflects the efforts of synthetic chemists to understand the self-assembly behavior of BCPs to form complex morphologies in solution. We hope that our Account inspires efforts from chemists and other scientists to further understand these structures with infinite mazes of complexity and possibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungmin Ha
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Yunju La
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Kyoung Taek Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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17
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Understanding the assembly of amphiphilic additives in bulk and dispersed non-lamellar lipid-based matrices: Phosphorylation, H-bonding and ionisation. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 562:502-510. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.11.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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18
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Self-assembling in situ gel based on lyotropic liquid crystals containing VEGF for tissue regeneration. Acta Biomater 2019; 99:84-99. [PMID: 31521813 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Current tissue-regenerative biomaterials confront two critical issues: the uncontrollable delivery capacity of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) for adequate vascularization and the poor mechanical properties of the system for tissue regeneration. To overcome these two issues, a self-assembling in situ gel based on lyotropic liquid crystals (LLC) was developed. VEGF-LLC was administrated as a precursor solution that would self-assemble into an in situ gel with well-defined internal inverse bicontinuous cubic phases when exposed to physiological fluid at a defect site. The inverse cubic phase with a 3D bicontinuous water channel enabled a 7-day sustained release of VEGF. The release profile of VEGF-LLC was controlled using octyl glucoside (OG) as a hydration-modulating agent, which could enlarge the water channel, yielding a 2-fold increase in water channel size and a 7-fold increase in VEGF release. For the mechanical properties, the elastic modulus was found to decrease from ∼100 kPa to ∼1.2 kPa, which might be more favorable for angiogenesis. Furthermore, the self-recovery ability of the VEGF-LLC gel was confirmed by quick recovery of the inner network in step-strain measurements. In vitro, VEGF-LLC considerably promoted the proliferation, migration, and tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) as compared to free VEGF (p < 0.05). Furthermore, angiogenesis was successfully induced in rats after subcutaneous injection of VEGF-LLC. The self-assembling LLC gel showed satisfactory degradability and mild inflammatory response with little impact on the surrounding tissue. The controllable release profile and unique mechanical properties of VEGF-LLC offer a new approach for tissue regeneration. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The potential clinical use of currently available biomaterials in tissue regeneration is limited by their uncontrollable drug delivery capacity and poor mechanical properties. Herein, a self-assembling in situ gel based on lyotropic liquid crystals (LLC) for induced angiogenesis was developed. The results showed that the addition of octyl glucoside (OG) could change the water channel size of LLC, which enabled the LLC system to release VEGF in a sustained manner and to possess a suitable modulus to favor angiogenesis simultaneously. Moreover, the self-recovery capability allowed the gel to match the deformation of surrounding tissues during body motion to maintain its properties and reduce discomfort. In vivo, angiogenesis was induced by VEGF-LLC 14 days after administering subcutaneous injection. These results highlight the potential of LLC as a promising sustained protein drug delivery system for vascular formation and tissue regeneration.
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19
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Tosi F, Stuart MCA, Smit H, Chen J, Feringa BL. Reorganization from Kinetically Stable Aggregation States to Thermodynamically Stable Nanotubes of BINOL-Derived Amphiphiles in Water. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:11821-11828. [PMID: 31424218 PMCID: PMC6740276 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b01989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis and self-assembly behavior of newly designed BINOL-based amphiphiles is presented. With minor structural modifications, the aggregation of these amphiphiles could be successfully tuned to form different types of assemblies in water, ranging from vesicles to cubic structures. Simple sonication induced the rearrangement of different kinetically stable aggregates into thermodynamically stable self-assembled nanotubes, as observed by cryo-TEM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Tosi
- Stratingh
Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marc C. A. Stuart
- Stratingh
Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
- Groningen
Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hans Smit
- Stratingh
Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jiawen Chen
- Stratingh
Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ben L. Feringa
- Stratingh
Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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20
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Mondal A, Bhowmick KC. Asymmetric Direct Aldol Reaction Catalyzed by (1R, 2R)-(+)-1, 2- Diammonium Cyclohexane-L-tartrate in Water. CURRENT ORGANOCATALYSIS 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/2213337206666181227151140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
A cheap and commercially available organocatalyst, (1R, 2R)-(+)-1, 2-
diammonium cyclohexane-L-tartrate 1 was applied in direct aldol reaction in water. The organocatalyst
1 afforded aldol products from cyclohexanone and substituted aromatic aldehydes with high
yield (up to 90%) and good stereoselectivity (up to 99% ee and up to 11.5:1 dr) in large volume of
water (10 ml).
Methods:
The same aldol reaction when carried out in the presence of more expensive organocatalyst
e.g. (1R, 2R)-(+)-1,2-diaminocyclohexane and 1,6-hexanediaoic acid as acid additive furnished the
aldol products with only 20% yield, 2:1 anti/syn ratio and 92% ee.
Results and Conclusion:
In summary, we have applied a reasonably cheap and commercially available
organocatalyst 1 for highly enantioselective direct aldol reaction in water at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirban Mondal
- Division of Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati (A Central University), Santiniketan-731 235, West Bengal, India
| | - Kartick Chandra Bhowmick
- Division of Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati (A Central University), Santiniketan-731 235, West Bengal, India
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21
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Salvati Manni L, Assenza S, Duss M, Vallooran JJ, Juranyi F, Jurt S, Zerbe O, Landau EM, Mezzenga R. Soft biomimetic nanoconfinement promotes amorphous water over ice. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 14:609-615. [PMID: 30962546 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-019-0415-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Water is a ubiquitous liquid with unique physicochemical properties, whose nature has shaped our planet and life as we know it. Water in restricted geometries has different properties than in bulk. Confinement can prevent low-temperature crystallization of the molecules into a hexagonal structure and thus create a state of amorphous water. To understand the survival of life at subzero temperatures, it is essential to elucidate this behaviour in the presence of nanoconfining lipidic membranes. Here we introduce a family of synthetic lipids with designed cyclopropyl modifications in the hydrophobic chains that exhibit unique liquid-crystalline behaviour at low temperature, which enables the maintenance of amorphous water down to ~10 K due to nanoconfinement. The combination of experiments and molecular dynamics simulations unveils a complex lipid-water phase diagram in which bicontinuous cubic and lamellar liquid crystalline phases that contain subzero liquid, glassy or ice water emerge as a competition between the two components, each pushing towards its thermodynamically favoured state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia Salvati Manni
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Department of Health Sciences & Technology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Salvatore Assenza
- Department of Health Sciences & Technology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Duss
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Jijo J Vallooran
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Department of Health Sciences & Technology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Fanni Juranyi
- Laboratory for Neutron Scattering and Imaging, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Simon Jurt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Zerbe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Ehud M Landau
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Raffaele Mezzenga
- Department of Health Sciences & Technology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
- Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
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22
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Barriga HMG, Holme MN, Stevens MM. Cubosomes: The Next Generation of Smart Lipid Nanoparticles? Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:2958-2978. [PMID: 29926520 PMCID: PMC6606436 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201804067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 273] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cubosomes are highly stable nanoparticles formed from the lipid cubic phase and stabilized by a polymer based outer corona. Bicontinuous lipid cubic phases consist of a single lipid bilayer that forms a continuous periodic membrane lattice structure with pores formed by two interwoven water channels. Cubosome composition can be tuned to engineer pore sizes or include bioactive lipids, the polymer outer corona can be used for targeting and they are highly stable under physiological conditions. Compared to liposomes, the structure provides a significantly higher membrane surface area for loading of membrane proteins and small drug molecules. Owing to recent advances, they can be engineered in vitro in both bulk and nanoparticle formats with applications including drug delivery, membrane bioreactors, artificial cells, and biosensors. This review outlines recent advances in cubosome technology enabling their application and provides guidelines for the rational design of new systems for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna M. G. Barriga
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Margaret N. Holme
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Molly M. Stevens
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Departments of Materials and Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
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23
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Duss M, Vallooran JJ, Salvati Manni L, Kieliger N, Handschin S, Mezzenga R, Jessen HJ, Landau EM. Lipidic Mesophase-Embedded Palladium Nanoparticles: Synthesis and Tunable Catalysts in Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Coupling Reactions. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:120-127. [PMID: 30517017 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b02905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Lipidic cubic phases (LCPs) can reduce Pd2+ salts to palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) of ∼5 nm size in their confined water channels under mild conditions. The resulting PdNP-containing LCPs were used as nanoreactor scaffolds to catalyze Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions in the aqueous channels of the mesophase. To turn on catalysis, PdNP-containing LCPs were activated by swelling the aqueous channels of the lipidic framework, thereby enabling diffusion of the water-soluble substrates to the catalysts. The mesophases play a threefold role: they act as reducing agents for Pd2+, as limiting templates for their growth, and as support. The system was characterized and investigated by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), cryo-transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, and nuclear magnetic resonance. Bulk LCPs and three dispersed palladium/lipid hybrid nanoparticle types were applied in the catalysis. The latter-liposomes, hexosomes, and cubosomes-can be obtained by design through combination of lipids and additives. The Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling of 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine and phenylboronic acid was used as a model reaction to study these systems. Bulk Pd-LCPs deliver the Suzuki-Miyaura product in 24 h in conversions up to 98% at room temperature, whereas with palladium/lipid dispersions at 40 °C, 68% of the starting material was transformed to the product after 72 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Duss
- Department of Chemistry , University of Zurich , Winterthurerstrasse 190 , 8057 Zürich , Switzerland
| | - Jijo J Vallooran
- Department of Chemistry , University of Zurich , Winterthurerstrasse 190 , 8057 Zürich , Switzerland
| | - Livia Salvati Manni
- Department of Chemistry , University of Zurich , Winterthurerstrasse 190 , 8057 Zürich , Switzerland
- Department of Health Science & Technology , ETH Zurich , Schmelzbergstrasse 9 , 8092 Zürich , Switzerland
| | - Nicole Kieliger
- Department of Chemistry , University of Zurich , Winterthurerstrasse 190 , 8057 Zürich , Switzerland
| | - Stephan Handschin
- Department of Health Science & Technology , ETH Zurich , Schmelzbergstrasse 9 , 8092 Zürich , Switzerland
| | - Raffaele Mezzenga
- Department of Health Science & Technology , ETH Zurich , Schmelzbergstrasse 9 , 8092 Zürich , Switzerland
| | - Henning J Jessen
- Institute of Organic Chemistry , Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg , Albertstrasse 21 , 79104 Freiburg i. B. , Germany
| | - Ehud M Landau
- Department of Chemistry , University of Zurich , Winterthurerstrasse 190 , 8057 Zürich , Switzerland
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24
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Dai J, Zou H, Shi Z, Yang H, Wang R, Zhang Z, Qiu S. Janus N-Doped Carbon@Silica Hollow Spheres as Multifunctional Amphiphilic Nanoreactors for Base-Free Aerobic Oxidation of Alcohols in Water. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:33474-33483. [PMID: 30184430 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b11888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity of nanocatalysts has a significant impact on their performances via modulating the adsorption, transfer, and desorption of reactants/products. In this work, we reported a novel multifunctional amphiphilic nanoreactor composed of Janus nitrogen-doped carbon@silica hollow nanostructure and ultrasmall Pt nanoparticles. The core/shell polybenzoxazine@mesosilica spheres were used as the precursor for pyrolysis. It was found that the internal polybenzoxazine was decomposed from interior to exterior and transformed into a nitrogen-doped carbon hollow shell that partly embedded into the mesosilica layer, forming the Janus hollow spheres. The obtained nanoreactor showed remarkable activity and selectivity for base-free aerobic oxidation of alcohols in water using air as the oxidant. A one-pot oxidation-condensation cascade reaction was also successfully demonstrated to synthesize imines from alcohols and amines with good yields. The sorption analyses revealed that the superior hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity strengthened both adsorption of hydrophobic alcohols from water and desorption of byproduct water molecules from the active sites. The doped nitrogen atoms in the carbon matrix were used not only as anchoring sites for stabilizing ultrasmall Pt nanoparticles but also as basic active sites for accelerating the deprotonation process. Moreover, due to the anchoring effect of nitrogen and the extremely stable amphiphilicity, this nanoreactor exhibited excellent catalytic stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , China
| | - Houbing Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Shanxi University , Taiyuan 030006 , China
| | - Zhiqiang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , China
| | - Hengquan Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Shanxi University , Taiyuan 030006 , China
| | - Runwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , China
| | - Zongtao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , China
| | - Shilun Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , China
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25
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Serrano-Luginbühl S, Ruiz-Mirazo K, Ostaszewski R, Gallou F, Walde P. Soft and dispersed interface-rich aqueous systems that promote and guide chemical reactions. Nat Rev Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1038/s41570-018-0042-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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26
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Barriga HMG, Holme MN, Stevens MM. Cubosomen: die nächste Generation intelligenter Lipid‐Nanopartikel? Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201804067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanna M. G. Barriga
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and BiophysicsKarolinska Institute Stockholm Schweden
| | - Margaret N. Holme
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and BiophysicsKarolinska Institute Stockholm Schweden
| | - Molly M. Stevens
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and BiophysicsKarolinska Institute Stockholm Schweden
- Departments of Materials and Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical EngineeringImperial College London London Großbritannien
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27
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Liu K, Ye L, Wang Y, Du G, Jiang L. A Pseudopeptide Polymer Micelle Used for Asymmetric Catalysis of the Aldol Reaction in Water. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E1004. [PMID: 30960929 PMCID: PMC6403597 DOI: 10.3390/polym10091004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Micelles assembled from amphiphilic molecules have proved to be ideal scaffolds to construct artificial catalysts mimicking enzymatic catalytic behavior. In this paper, we describe the synthesis of amphiphilic poly(2-oxazoline) derivatives with l-prolinamide units in the side chain and their application in asymmetric aldol reactions. Upon dissolution in water, the pseudopeptide polymers self-assembled into particles with different sizes, relying on the copolymer composition and distribution of hydrophilic/hydrophobic segments in the polymer chain. A preliminary study has demonstrated that the catalytic activity of these polymeric organocatalysts are strongly dependent on the aggregated architecture. The micelle-type assemblies can act as nanoreactors to efficiently promote the direct aldolisation of cyclohexanone with aromatic aldehydes in aqueous media, affording anti-aldol products in excellent yields (88⁻99%) and higher stereoselectivities (90/10 dr, 86% ee) compared to their nonmicellar systems under identical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyuan Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Long Ye
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Yao Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Ganhong Du
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Liming Jiang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
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28
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Zhou T, Vallooran JJ, Assenza S, Szekrenyi A, Clapés P, Mezzenga R. Efficient Asymmetric Synthesis of Carbohydrates by Aldolase Nano-Confined in Lipidic Cubic Mesophases. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b01716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhou
- Department of Health Science and Technology, ETH Zurich, Schmelzbergstrasse 9, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Jijo J. Vallooran
- Department of Health Science and Technology, ETH Zurich, Schmelzbergstrasse 9, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Salvatore Assenza
- Department of Health Science and Technology, ETH Zurich, Schmelzbergstrasse 9, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Anna Szekrenyi
- Biotransformation and Bioactive Molecules Group, Instituto de Química Avanzada de Cataluña, IQAC−CSIC Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pere Clapés
- Biotransformation and Bioactive Molecules Group, Instituto de Química Avanzada de Cataluña, IQAC−CSIC Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raffaele Mezzenga
- Department of Health Science and Technology, ETH Zurich, Schmelzbergstrasse 9, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
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