1
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Jindal S, Wang JX, Wang Y, Thomas S, Mallick A, Bonneau M, Bhatt PM, Alkhazragi O, Nadinov I, Ng TK, Shekhah O, Alshareef HN, Ooi BS, Mohammed OF, Eddaoudi M. Aggregation Induced Emission-Based Covalent Organic Frameworks for High-Performance Optical Wireless Communication. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:25536-25543. [PMID: 39225332 PMCID: PMC11421012 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c05812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Here, we report the first utilization of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) in optical wireless communication (OWC) applications. In the solid form, aggregation-induced emission (AIE) luminogen often shows promising emissive characteristics that augment radiative decays and improve fluorescence. We have synthesized an AIE-COF through the Knoevenagel condensation reaction by taking advantage of the ability to carefully design and alter the COF structure by integrating an AIE luminogen with linear building blocks. The synthesized AIE-COF exhibited a high solid-state photoluminescence quantum yield (∼39%) and a short photoluminescence lifetime (∼1 ns), crucial for achieving modulation bandwidth for high-speed OWC applications. For comparison, we constructed an aggregation-caused quenching based COF, showing a similar lifetime but almost insignificant quantum yield. The orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing modulation strategy employed by the AIE-COF demonstrates remarkable high-rate data transmission, with a wide -3 dB modulation bandwidth of nearly 200 MHz and achieving high net data rates of 825 Mb/s, outperforming traditional materials. These results open new avenues for the ability to design and finetune new COF materials for their utilization as color converters in developing cutting-edge OWC components, enabling faster and more efficient data transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Jindal
- Advanced
Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Division of Physical Science
and Engineering, King Abdullah University
of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jian-Xin Wang
- Advanced
Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Division of Physical Science
and Engineering, King Abdullah University
of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yue Wang
- Photonics
Laboratory, Division of Computer, Electrical, and Mathematical Sciences
and Engineering, King Abdullah University
of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi
Arabia
| | - Simil Thomas
- Advanced
Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Division of Physical Science
and Engineering, King Abdullah University
of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arijit Mallick
- Advanced
Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Division of Physical Science
and Engineering, King Abdullah University
of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mickaele Bonneau
- Advanced
Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Division of Physical Science
and Engineering, King Abdullah University
of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Prashant M. Bhatt
- Advanced
Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Division of Physical Science
and Engineering, King Abdullah University
of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar Alkhazragi
- Photonics
Laboratory, Division of Computer, Electrical, and Mathematical Sciences
and Engineering, King Abdullah University
of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi
Arabia
| | - Issatay Nadinov
- Advanced
Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Division of Physical Science
and Engineering, King Abdullah University
of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tien Khee Ng
- Photonics
Laboratory, Division of Computer, Electrical, and Mathematical Sciences
and Engineering, King Abdullah University
of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi
Arabia
| | - Osama Shekhah
- Advanced
Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Division of Physical Science
and Engineering, King Abdullah University
of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Husam N. Alshareef
- Materials
Science and Engineering, Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Boon S. Ooi
- Photonics
Laboratory, Division of Computer, Electrical, and Mathematical Sciences
and Engineering, King Abdullah University
of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi
Arabia
| | - Omar F. Mohammed
- Advanced
Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Division of Physical Science
and Engineering, King Abdullah University
of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
- KAUST
Catalysis Center, Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Eddaoudi
- Advanced
Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Division of Physical Science
and Engineering, King Abdullah University
of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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2
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Sadhu AS, Pai YH, Chen LY, Hsieh CA, Lin HW, Kuo HC. High bandwidth semipolar (20-21) micro-LED-based white light-emitting diodes utilizing perovskite quantum dots and organic emitters in color-conversion layers for visible light communication and solid-state lighting applications. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:7715-7721. [PMID: 37060138 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr01086d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate semipolar (20-21) micro-LED-based high-bandwidth WLEDs utilizing perovskite QDs and organic emitters in color-conversion films. The WLEDs exhibit a bandwidth in excess of 1 GHz and a CCT of 6141 K, making these devices suitable for visible light communication and lighting applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annada Sankar Sadhu
- Department of Photonics, Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan.
- International Ph.D. Program in Photonics (UST), College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hua Pai
- Department of Photonics, Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan.
| | - Li-Yin Chen
- Department of Photonics, Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan.
| | - Chung-An Hsieh
- Department of Photonics, Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan.
| | - Hao-Wu Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Chung Kuo
- Department of Photonics, Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan.
- Semiconductor Research Center, Hon Hai Research Institute, Taipei 11492, Taiwan
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3
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James Singh K, Huang WT, Hsiao FH, Miao WC, Lee TY, Pai YH, Kuo HC. Recent Advances in Micro-LEDs Having Yellow-Green to Red Emission Wavelengths for Visible Light Communications. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:mi14020478. [PMID: 36838178 PMCID: PMC9960147 DOI: 10.3390/mi14020478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Visible light communication (VLC), which will primarily support high-speed internet connectivity in the contemporary world, has progressively come to be recognized as a significant alternative and reinforcement in the wireless communication area. VLC has become more popular recently because of its many advantages over conventional radio frequencies, including a higher transmission rate, high bandwidth, low power consumption, fewer health risks, and reduced interference. Due to its high-bandwidth characteristics and potential to be used for both illumination and communications, micro-light-emitting diodes (micro-LEDs) have drawn a lot of attention for their use in VLC applications. In this review, a detailed overview of micro-LEDs that have long emission wavelengths for VLC is presented, along with their related challenges and future prospects. The VLC performance of micro-LEDs is influenced by a number of factors, including the quantum-confined Stark effect (QCSE), size-dependent effect, and droop effect, which are discussed in the following sections. When these elements are combined, it has a major impact on the performance of micro-LEDs in terms of their modulation bandwidth, wavelength shift, full-width at half maximum (FWHM), light output power, and efficiency. The possible challenges faced in the use of micro-LEDs were analyzed through a simulation conducted using Crosslight Apsys software and the results were compared with the previous reported results. We also provide a brief overview of the phenomena, underlying theories, and potential possible solutions to these issues. Furthermore, we provide a brief discussion regarding micro-LEDs that have emission wavelengths ranging from yellow-green to red colors. We highlight the notable bandwidth enhancement for this paradigm and anticipate some exciting new research directions. Overall, this review paper provides a brief overview of the performance of VLC-based systems based on micro-LEDs and some of their possible applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konthoujam James Singh
- Department of Photonics, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ta Huang
- Department of Photonics, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
- Semiconductor Research Center, Hon Hai Research Institute, Taipei 11492, Taiwan
| | - Fu-He Hsiao
- Semiconductor Research Center, Hon Hai Research Institute, Taipei 11492, Taiwan
- Department of Electrophysics, College of Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chien Miao
- Semiconductor Research Center, Hon Hai Research Institute, Taipei 11492, Taiwan
- Department of Electrophysics, College of Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yi Lee
- Department of Photonics, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hua Pai
- Department of Photonics, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Chung Kuo
- Department of Photonics, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
- Semiconductor Research Center, Hon Hai Research Institute, Taipei 11492, Taiwan
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Rao L, Sun B, Liu Y, Zhong G, Wen M, Zhang J, Fu T, Wang S, Wang F, Niu X. Highly Stable and Photoluminescent CsPbBr 3/Cs 4PbBr 6 Composites for White-Light-Emitting Diodes and Visible Light Communication. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:355. [PMID: 36678108 PMCID: PMC9861840 DOI: 10.3390/nano13020355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Inorganic lead halide perovskite is one of the most excellent fluorescent materials, and it plays an essential role in high-definition display and visible light communication (VLC). Its photochromic properties and stability determine the final performance of light-emitting devices. However, efficiently synthesizing perovskite with high quality and stability remains a significant challenge. Here, we develop a facile and environmentally friendly method for preparing high-stability and strong-emission CsPbBr3/Cs4PbBr6 composites using ultrasonication and liquid paraffin. Tuning the contents of liquid paraffin, bright-emission CsPbBr3/Cs4PbBr6 composite powders with a maximum PLQY of 74% were achieved. Thanks to the protection of the Cs4PbBr6 matrix and liquid paraffin, the photostability, thermostability, and polar solvent stability of CsPbBr3/Cs4PbBr6-LP are significantly improved compared to CsPbBr3 quantum dots and CsPbBr3/Cs4PbBr6 composites that were prepared without liquid paraffin. Moreover, the fabricated CsPbBr3/Cs4PbBr6-LP-based WLEDs show excellent luminescent performance with a power efficiency of 129.5 lm/W and a wide color gamut, with 121% of the NTSC and 94% of the Rec. 2020, demonstrating a promising candidate for displays. In addition, the CsPbBr3/Cs4PbBr6-LP-based WLEDs were also demonstrated in a VLC system. The results suggested the great potential of these high-performance WLEDs as an excitation light source to achieve VLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longshi Rao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
- Intelligent Manufacturing Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Bin Sun
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
- Intelligent Manufacturing Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
- Intelligent Manufacturing Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Guisheng Zhong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
- Intelligent Manufacturing Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Mingfu Wen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
- Intelligent Manufacturing Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Jiayang Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
- Intelligent Manufacturing Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Ting Fu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission and Manufacturing Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Shuangxi Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
- Intelligent Manufacturing Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Fengtao Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
- Intelligent Manufacturing Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Xiaodong Niu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
- Intelligent Manufacturing Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
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5
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Khan Y, Hwang S, Braveenth R, Jung YH, Walker B, Kwon JH. Synthesis of fluorescent organic nano-dots and their application as efficient color conversion layers. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1801. [PMID: 35379797 PMCID: PMC8980075 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29403-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractEfficient conversion of light from short wavelengths to longer wavelengths using color conversion layers (CCLs) underpins the successful operation of numerous contemporary display and lighting technologies. Inorganic quantum dots, based on CdSe or InP, for example, have received much attention in this context, however, suffer from instability and toxic cadmium or phosphine chemistry. Organic nanoparticles (NPs), though less often studied, are capable of very competitive performance, including outstanding stability and water-processability. Surfactants, which are critical in stabilizing many types of nano-structures, have not yet been used extensively in organic NPs. Here we show the utility of surfactants in the synthesis and processing of organic NPs by thoroughly characterizing the effect of ionic and non-ionic surfactants on the properties of fluorescent organic NPs. Using this information, we identify surfactant processing conditions that result in nearly 100 % conversion of organic fluorophores into sub-micrometer particles, or nano-dots, with outstanding performance as CCLs. Such water dispersions are environmentally benign and efficiently convert light. They can be used for a range of fluorophores covering a full spectral gamut, with excellent color purity, including full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) values as low as 21 nm. Compared to inorganic (InP) reference CCLs, the organic nano-dot based CCLs show superior color conversion efficiency and substantially improved long-term stability.
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6
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Wang Z, Wei Z, Cai Y, Wang L, Li M, Liu P, Xie R, Wang L, Wei G, Fu HY. Encapsulation-Enabled Perovskite-PMMA Films Combining a Micro-LED for High-Speed White-Light Communication. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:54143-54151. [PMID: 34747607 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c15873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cesium lead halide perovskite nanocrystals have recently become emerging materials for color conversion in visible light communication (VLC) and solid-state lighting (SSL), due to their fast response and desirable optical properties. Herein, perovskite nanocrystal-polymethyl methacrylate (PNC-PMMA) films with red and yellow emission are prepared. The PNC-PMMA films, with optical properties such as a short lifetime and air stability, are used to make broadband color converters based on a high-bandwidth 75 μm blue micro-LED (μLED) for VLC. The yellow-emitting CsPb(Br/I)3 PNC-PMMA has a high bandwidth of 347 MHz, while the red-emitting CsPbI3 PNC-PMMA exhibits a higher modulation bandwidth of 822 MHz, which is ∼65 times larger than that of conventional phosphors. After fixing the two PNC-PMMA films in front of the μLED, a qualified warm white light is generated with a correlated color temperature of 5670 K, a color rendering index of 75.7, and a de L'Eclairage (CIE) coordinate at (0.33, 0.35). Although the color conversion of the blue light sacrifices some received power and slightly reduces the overall bandwidth from 1.130 to 1.005 GHz, a maximum real-time data rate of 1.7 Gbps is still achievable using the non-return-to-zero on-off keying modulation scheme, which is ∼6 times higher than that of the previous record. This study provides a practical approach to develop a considerably high-bandwidth white-light system for both high-speed VLC and high-quality SSL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoming Wang
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School and Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zixian Wei
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School and Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yuting Cai
- College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Mutong Li
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School and Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School and Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Rongjun Xie
- College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Lai Wang
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Guodan Wei
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School and Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - H Y Fu
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School and Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
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7
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de Thieulloy L, Le Bras L, Zumer B, Sanz García J, Lemarchand C, Pineau N, Adamo C, Perrier A. Aggregation-Induced Emission: A Challenge for Computational Chemistry Taking TPA-BMO as an Example*. Chemphyschem 2021; 22:1802-1816. [PMID: 34161645 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202100239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A multi-environment computational approach is proposed to study the modulation of the emission behavior of the triphenylamine (Z)-4-benzylidene-2-methyloxazol-5(4H)-one (TPA-BMO) molecule [Tang et al., J. Phys. Chem. C 119, 21875 (2015)]. We aim at (1) proposing a realistic description of the molecule in several environments (solution, aggregate, polymer matrix), (2) modelling its absorption and emission properties, and (3) providing a qualitative understanding of the experimental observations by highlighting the photophysical phenomena leading to the emission modulation. To this purpose, we rely on (TD-)DFT calculations and classical Molecular Dynamics simulations, but also on the hybrid ONIOM QM/QM' approach and the in situ chemical polymerization methodology. In low-polar solvents, the investigation of the potential energy surfaces and the modulation of the emission quantum yield can be attributed to possible photophysical energy dissipation caused by low-frequency vibrational modes. In the aggregate and in the polymer matrix, the emission modulation can be qualitatively interpreted in terms of the possible restriction of the intramolecular vibrations. For these two systems, our study highlights that a careful modelling of the environment is far from trivial but is fundamental to model the optical properties of the fluorophore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laure de Thieulloy
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL Research University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences (i-CLeHS), F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Laura Le Bras
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL Research University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences (i-CLeHS), F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Benoît Zumer
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL Research University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences (i-CLeHS), F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Juan Sanz García
- Laboratoire de Chimie Théorique, Sorbonne Université, UMR7616, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Claire Lemarchand
- CEA/DAM/DIF, 91297, Arpajon Cedex, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Laboratoire Matière sous Conditions Extrêmes, 91680, Bruyères-le-Chatel, France
| | - Nicolas Pineau
- CEA/DAM/DIF, 91297, Arpajon Cedex, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Laboratoire Matière sous Conditions Extrêmes, 91680, Bruyères-le-Chatel, France
| | - Carlo Adamo
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL Research University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences (i-CLeHS), F-75005, Paris, France.,Institut Universitaire de France, 103 Bd Saint-Michel, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Aurélie Perrier
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL Research University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences (i-CLeHS), F-75005, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, F-75006, Paris, France
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8
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Xiao L, Xiao R, Xu B, Chen H, Wang H. A Red-Emissive AIE Probe for Targeting Mitochondria in Living Cells. Aust J Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1071/ch20122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A novel compound has been synthesised and characterised by various spectroscopic techniques. Analysing the crystal structures of the compound shows that multiple molecular interactions exist. The compound exhibits distinct aggregation-induced emission activity in EtOH/H2O accompanying a 2-fold enhancement of fluorescence intensity at ~609nm. In addition, the cytotoxicity assay and confocal microscopy imaging show that the compound is hypotoxic and can be used as a fluorescent labelling dye in the near-infrared region to track mitochondria in living cells.
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9
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Zhang H, Zhao Z, Turley AT, Wang L, McGonigal PR, Tu Y, Li Y, Wang Z, Kwok RTK, Lam JWY, Tang BZ. Aggregate Science: From Structures to Properties. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2001457. [PMID: 32734656 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202001457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Molecular science entails the study of structures and properties of materials at the level of single molecules or small interacting complexes of molecules. Moving beyond single molecules and well-defined complexes, aggregates (i.e., irregular clusters of many molecules) serve as a particularly useful form of materials that often display modified or wholly new properties compared to their molecular components. Some unique structures and phenomena such as polymorphic aggregates, aggregation-induced symmetry breaking, and cluster excitons are only identified in aggregates, as a few examples of their exotic features. Here, by virtue of the flourishing research on aggregation-induced emission, the concept of "aggregate science" is put forward to fill the gaps between molecules and aggregates. Structures and properties on the aggregate scale are also systematically summarized. The structure-property relationships established for aggregates are expected to contribute to new materials and technological development. Ultimately, aggregate science may become an interdisciplinary research field and serves as a general platform for academic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoke Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction and Institute for Advanced Study, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute, No. 9 Yuexing 1st Rd, South Area, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Zheng Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction and Institute for Advanced Study, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute, No. 9 Yuexing 1st Rd, South Area, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Andrew T Turley
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Lower Mountjoy, Stockton Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Lin Wang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Paul R McGonigal
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Lower Mountjoy, Stockton Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Yujie Tu
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction and Institute for Advanced Study, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute, No. 9 Yuexing 1st Rd, South Area, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction and Institute for Advanced Study, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute, No. 9 Yuexing 1st Rd, South Area, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Zhaoyu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction and Institute for Advanced Study, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute, No. 9 Yuexing 1st Rd, South Area, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Ryan T K Kwok
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction and Institute for Advanced Study, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute, No. 9 Yuexing 1st Rd, South Area, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Jacky W Y Lam
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction and Institute for Advanced Study, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute, No. 9 Yuexing 1st Rd, South Area, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction and Institute for Advanced Study, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute, No. 9 Yuexing 1st Rd, South Area, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen, 518057, China
- Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, SCUT-HKUST Joint Research Institute, South China University of Technology, Tianhe Qu, Guangzhou, 510640, China
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Zhang Z, Cao M, Zhang L, Qiu Z, Zhao W, Chen G, Chen X, Tang BZ. Dynamic Visible Monitoring of Heterogeneous Local Strain Response through an Organic Mechanoresponsive AIE Luminogen. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:22129-22136. [PMID: 32295335 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c02744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Local strain concentration is critically important for damage formation of structural components. Therefore, it is of particular interest in developing the structural health monitoring (SHM) method for large-scale, full-field, and on-site monitoring of local strain response in complicated structural components in service. The present work investigated a SHM method based on a pure organic mechanoresponsive luminogen (MRL), 1,1,2,2-tetrakis(4-nitrophenyl)ethane, for heterogeneous local strain concentration. Invisible heterogeneous local strain response in complicated weld joints is transformed into visible fluorescence under monotonic tension and cyclic stress loading. The local strain (<15%) calculated by fluorescence intensity has a good agreement with the results obtained by the conventional digital image correlation method, indicating good measurement accuracy of the calibrated organic MRL method. The heterogeneity of local strain in complicated weld joints increases along with elongation and number of stress cycles. Moreover, the higher mean stress and stress amplitude can induce significantly higher accumulated local strain in the relatively soft fusion zone region. Compared with conventional strain measurement methods, the present organic MRL method opens up new possibilities for large-scale, full-field, and on-site monitoring of local strain concentration and damage in complicated structural components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Mingkui Cao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Le Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Zijie Qiu
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Weijun Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Gang Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Xu Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China
- NSFC Center for Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, SCUT-HKUST Joint Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
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Manousiadis PP, Yoshida K, Turnbull GA, Samuel IDW. Organic semiconductors for visible light communications. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2020; 378:20190186. [PMID: 32114909 PMCID: PMC7061996 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2019.0186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Organic semiconductors are an important class of optoelectronic material that are widely studied because of the scope for tuning their properties by tuning their chemical structure, and simple fabrication to make flexible films and devices. Although most effort has focused on developing displays and lighting from these materials, their distinctive properties also make them of interest for visible light communications (VLCs). This article explains how their properties make them suitable for VLC and reviews the main uses that have been explored. On the transmitter side, record white VLC communication has been achieved by using organic semiconductors as colour converters, while direct modulation of organic light-emitting diodes is also possible and could be of interest for display-to-display communication. On the receiver side, organic solar cells can be used to harvest power and data simultaneously, and fluorescent antennas enable fast and sensitive receivers with large field of view. This article is part of the theme issue 'Optical wireless communication'.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Graham A. Turnbull
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9SS, UK
| | - Ifor D. W. Samuel
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9SS, UK
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Chen S, Han T, Zhao Y, Luo W, Zhang Z, Su H, Tang BZ, Yang J. A Facile Strategy To Prepare Smart Coatings with Autonomous Self-Healing and Self-Reporting Functions. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:4870-4877. [PMID: 31887015 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b18919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report a smart coating with autonomous self-healing and self-reporting functions by simple integration of one-component microcapsules into the matrix without external intervention. The microcapsules containing hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) solution of aggregation-induced emission luminogens (AIEgens) were synthesized, and their properties, such as their composition, thermal stability, morphology, and damage-indicating ability, were investigated systematically. The AIEgen/HDI microcapsule-embedded coatings display adaptive self-repair of scratches and simultaneous high-contrast indication of the healed damage. Two commercialized AIEgens, tetraphenylethylene (TPE) and its derivative with dimethoxyl and benzylidene-methyloxazolone moieties (DM-TPE-BMO), were utilized as examples to demonstrate the feasibility of this concept in diverse polymer matrixes (including blue autofluorescent matrixes). It was found that the content of AIEgens can even be lowered to 0.05 wt %. This facile, economical, and feasible strategy toward the dual functions of self-repairing and self-sensing provides a new route for enhancing the longevity and reliability of polymer coatings, which is appealing and of great importance in practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ting Han
- Center for AIE Research, College of Materials Science and Engineering , Shenzhen University , Shenzhen 518060 , China
| | | | | | - Zhong Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , China
| | | | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Center for AIE Research, College of Materials Science and Engineering , Shenzhen University , Shenzhen 518060 , China
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