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Goonoo N, Gimié F, Ait-Arsa I, Ziman M, Adeyemi SA, Ubanako P, Ngema LM, Choonara YE, Bhaw-Luximon A. Electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds as a platform to reduce melanoma tumour growth, recurrence, and promote post-resection wound repair. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2024; 161:213870. [PMID: 38701686 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2024.213870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Wound healing following skin tumour surgery still remains a major challenge. To address this issue, polysaccharide-loaded nanofibrous mats have been engineered as skin patches on the wound site to improve wound healing while simultaneously eliminating residual cancer cells which may cause cancer relapse. The marine derived polysaccharides kappa-carrageenan (KCG) and fucoidan (FUC) were blended with polydioxanone (PDX) nanofibers due to their inherent anti-cancer activity conferred by the sulphate groups as well as their immunomodulatory properties which can reduce inflammation resulting in accelerated wound healing. KCG and FUC were released sustainably from the blend nanofibers via the Korsmeyer-Peppas kinetics. MTT assays, live/dead staining and SEM images demonstrated the toxicity of KCG and FUC towards skin cancer MP 41 cells. In addition, MP 41 cells showed reduced metastatic potential when grown on KCG or FUC containing mats. Both KCG and FUC were non- cytotoxic to healthy L 929 fibroblast cells. In vivo studies on healthy Wistar rats confirmed the non-toxicity of the nanofibrous patches as well as their improved and scarless wound healing potential. In vivo studies on tumour xenograft model further showed a reduction of 7.15 % in tumour volume in only 4 days following application of the transdermal patch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nowsheen Goonoo
- Biomaterials, Drug Delivery and Nanotechnology Unit, Centre for Biomedical and Biomaterials Research, University of Mauritius, Réduit, Mauritius
| | - Fanny Gimié
- Animalerie, Plateforme de recherche CYROI, 2 rue Maxime Rivière, 97490 Sainte Clotilde, Ile De La Réunion, France
| | - Imade Ait-Arsa
- Animalerie, Plateforme de recherche CYROI, 2 rue Maxime Rivière, 97490 Sainte Clotilde, Ile De La Réunion, France
| | - Melanie Ziman
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
| | - Samson A Adeyemi
- WITS Advanced Drug Delivery Platform, University of Witswatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Philemon Ubanako
- WITS Advanced Drug Delivery Platform, University of Witswatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Lindokuhle M Ngema
- WITS Advanced Drug Delivery Platform, University of Witswatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Yahya E Choonara
- WITS Advanced Drug Delivery Platform, University of Witswatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Archana Bhaw-Luximon
- Biomaterials, Drug Delivery and Nanotechnology Unit, Centre for Biomedical and Biomaterials Research, University of Mauritius, Réduit, Mauritius.
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Negi D, Bhavya K, Pal D, Singh Y. Acemannan coated, cobalt-doped biphasic calcium phosphate nanoparticles for immunomodulation regulated bone regeneration. Biomater Sci 2024. [PMID: 38864476 DOI: 10.1039/d4bm00482e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Biomaterials are used as scaffolds in bone regeneration to facilitate the restoration of bone tissues. The local immune microenvironment affects bone repair but the role of immune response in biomaterial-facilitated osteogenesis has been largely overlooked and it presents a major knowledge gap in the field. Nanomaterials that can modulate M1 to M2 macrophage polarization and, thus, promote bone repair are known. This study investigates a novel approach to accelerate bone healing by using acemannan coated, cobalt-doped biphasic calcium phosphate nanoparticles to promote osteogenesis and modulate macrophage polarization to provide a prohealing microenvironment for bone regeneration. Different concentrations of cobalt were doped in biphasic calcium phosphate nanoparticles, which were further coated with acemannan polymer and characterized. The nanoparticles showed >90% cell viability and enhanced cell proliferation along with osteogenic differentiation as demonstrated by the enhanced alkaline phosphatase activity and osteogenic calcium deposition. The morphology of MC3T3-E1 cells remained unchanged even after treatment with nanoparticles. Acemannan coated nanoparticles were also able to decrease the expression of M1 markers, iNOS, and CD68 and enhance the expression of M2 markers, CD206, CD163, and Arg-1 as indicated by RT-qPCR, flow cytometry, and ICC studies. The findings show that acemannan coated nanoparticles can create a supportive immune milieu by inducing and promoting the release of osteogenic markers, and by causing a reduction in inflammatory markers, thus helping in efficient bone regeneration. As per our knowledge, this is the first study showing the combined effect of acemannan and cobalt for bone regeneration using immunomodulation. The work presents a novel approach for enhancing osteogenesis and macrophage polarization, thus, offering a potent strategy for effective bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepa Negi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar-140 001, Punjab, India.
| | - Kumari Bhavya
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar-140 001, Punjab, India.
| | - Durba Pal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar-140 001, Punjab, India.
| | - Yashveer Singh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar-140 001, Punjab, India.
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar-140 001, Punjab, India
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3
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Furuno K, Suzuki K, Sakai S. Transduction and Genome Editing of the Heart with Adeno-Associated Viral Vectors Loaded onto Electrospun Polydioxanone Nonwoven Fabrics. Biomolecules 2024; 14:506. [PMID: 38672522 PMCID: PMC11047894 DOI: 10.3390/biom14040506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, we introduce electrospun polydioxanone (PDO) nonwoven fabrics as a platform for the delivery of adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors for transduction and genome editing by adhering them to organ surfaces, including the heart. AAV vectors were loaded onto the PDO fabrics by soaking the fabrics in a solution containing AAV vectors. In vitro, the amount of AAV vectors loaded onto the fabrics could be adjusted by changing their concentration in the solution, and the number of cells expressing the green fluorescent protein (GFP) encoded by the AAV vectors increased in correlation with the increasing amount of loaded AAV vectors. In vivo, both transduction and genome editing resulted in the observation of GFP expression around AAV vector-loaded PDO fabrics attached to the surfaces of mouse hearts, indicating effective transduction and expression at the target site. These results demonstrate the great potential of electrospun PDO nonwoven fabrics carrying therapeutic AAV vectors for gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kotoko Furuno
- Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka 560-8531, Japan;
| | - Keiichiro Suzuki
- Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka 560-8531, Japan;
- Institute for Advanced Co-Creation Studies, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka 560-8531, Japan
- Graduate School of Frontier Bioscience, Osaka University, 1-3 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shinji Sakai
- Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka 560-8531, Japan;
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Ramanjooloo A, Chummun Phul I, Goonoo N, Bhaw-Luximon A. Electrospun polydioxanone/fucoidan blend nanofibers loaded with anti-cancer precipitate from Jaspis diastra and paclitaxel: Physico-chemical characterization and in-vitro screening. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 259:129218. [PMID: 38185297 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Nanofibers for drug delivery systems have gained much attention during the past years. This paper describes for the first time the loading of a bioactive precipitate (JAD) from the marine sponge Jaspis diastra in PDX and fucoidan-PDX. JAD was characterized by LC-MS/MS and the major component was jaspamide (1) with a purity of 62.66 %. The cytotoxicity of JAD was compared with paclitaxel (PTX). JAD and PTX displayed IC50 values of 1.10 ± 0.7 μg/mL and 0.21 ± 0.12 μg/mL on skin fibroblasts L929 cells whilst their IC50 values on uveal MP41 cancer cells, were 2.10 ± 0.55 μg/mL and 1.38 ± 0.68 μg/mL, respectively. JAD was found to be less cytotoxic to healthy fibroblasts compared to PTX. JAD and PTX loaded scaffolds showed sustained release over 96 h in physiological medium which is likely to reduce the secondary cytotoxic effect induced by JAD and PTX alone. The physico-chemical properties of the loaded and unloaded scaffolds together with their degradation and action on tumor microenvironment by using L929 and MP41 cells were investigated. JAD and PTX at a concentration of 0.5 % (drug/polymer, w/w) in the electrospun mats prevented growth and proliferation of L929 and MP41 cells. Co-culture of L929 and MP41 showed that the JAD and PTX loaded mats inhibited the growth of both cells and caused cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avin Ramanjooloo
- Biomaterials, Drug Delivery & Nanotechnology Unit, Centre for Biomedical & Biomaterials Research, University of Mauritius, Réduit, Mauritius; Mauritius Oceanography Institute, Avenue des Anchois, Morcellement de Chazal, Albion, Mauritius
| | - Itisha Chummun Phul
- Biomaterials, Drug Delivery & Nanotechnology Unit, Centre for Biomedical & Biomaterials Research, University of Mauritius, Réduit, Mauritius
| | - Nowsheen Goonoo
- Biomaterials, Drug Delivery & Nanotechnology Unit, Centre for Biomedical & Biomaterials Research, University of Mauritius, Réduit, Mauritius
| | - Archana Bhaw-Luximon
- Biomaterials, Drug Delivery & Nanotechnology Unit, Centre for Biomedical & Biomaterials Research, University of Mauritius, Réduit, Mauritius.
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Miele D, Nomicisio C, Musitelli G, Boselli C, Icaro Cornaglia A, Sànchez-Espejo R, Vigani B, Viseras C, Rossi S, Sandri G. Design and development of polydioxanone scaffolds for skin tissue engineering manufactured via green process. Int J Pharm 2023; 634:122669. [PMID: 36736969 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Fiber spinning technologies attracted a great interest since the beginning of the last century. Among these, electrospinning is a widely diffuse technique; however, it presents some drawbacks such as low fiber yield, high energy demand and the use of organic solvents. On the contrary, centrifugal spinning is a more sustainable method and allows to obtain fiber using centrifugal force and melted materials. The aim of the present work was the design and the development of polydioxanone (PDO) microfibers intended for tissue engineering, using centrifugal spinning. PDO, a bioresorbable polymer currently used for sutures, was selected as low melting polyester and DES (deep eutectic solvents), either choline chloride/citric acid (ChCl/CA) or betaine/citric acid (Bet/CA) 1:1 M ratio, were used to improve PDO spinnability. Physical mixtures of DES and PDO were prepared using different weight ratios. These were then poured into the spinneret and melted at 140 °C for 5 min. After the complete melting, the blends were spun for 1 min at 700 rpm. The fibers were characterized for physico chemical properties (morphology; dimensions; chemical structure; thermal behavior; mechanical properties). Moreover, the preclinical investigation was performed in vitro (biocompatibility, adhesion and proliferation of fibroblasts) and in vivo (murine burn/excisional model to assess safety and efficacy). The multidisciplinary approach allowed to obtain an extensive characterization to develop PDO based microfibers as medical device for implant to treat full thickness skin wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalila Miele
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Cristian Nomicisio
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Giorgio Musitelli
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Cinzia Boselli
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Antonia Icaro Cornaglia
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, via Forlanini 2, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Rita Sànchez-Espejo
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Campus of Cartuja s/n, Granada 18071, Spain
| | - Barbara Vigani
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Cesar Viseras
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Campus of Cartuja s/n, Granada 18071, Spain
| | - Silvia Rossi
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Sandri
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
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Soltani M, Alizadeh P. Aloe vera incorporated starch-64S bioactive glass-quail egg shell scaffold for promotion of bone regeneration. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 217:203-218. [PMID: 35839948 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.07.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Simultaneous promotion of osteoconductive and osteoinductive characteristics through combining bioactive glasses with natural polymers is still a challenge in bone tissue engineering. Starch, 64S bioactive glass (BG), aloe vera (AV) and quail eggshell powder (QE) were utilized to achieve biodegradable, bioactive, biocompatible and mechanically potent multifunctional scaffolds, using freeze-drying mechanism. Cell viability for starch-BG-AV-QE scaffolds at 3 and 7 day intervals was reported to be over 95 %. Acridine orange staining was employed to study live/dead cells cultured on the scaffolds. The high sufficiency of starch-BG-AV-QE scaffolds in osteogenic differentiation and extracellular matrix mineralization was confirmed through alkaline phosphatase activity and alizarin red staining assessments after 7 and 14 days of cell culture. High compressive strength, managed biodegradability and expression of osteocalcin and osteopontin as late markers of osteogenic differentiation were also reached in the range of 30-75 % for starch-BG-AV-QE scaffolds. Hence, starch-BG-AV-QE scaffolds with ideal physico-mechanical and biological characteristics can be considered as promising candidates for promotion of bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Soltani
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, P. O. Box: 14115-143, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parvin Alizadeh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, P. O. Box: 14115-143, Tehran, Iran.
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7
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Notoginsenoside R1 Promotes Migration, Adhesin, Spreading, and Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27113403. [PMID: 35684342 PMCID: PMC9182421 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Cellular activities, such as attachment, spreading, proliferation, migration, and differentiation are indispensable for the success of bone tissue engineering. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are the key precursor cells to regenerate bone. Bioactive compounds from natural products had shown bone regenerative potential. Notoginsenoside R1 (NGR1) is a primary bioactive natural compound that regulates various biological activities, including cardiovascular protection, neuro-protection, and anti-cancer effects. However, the effect of NGR1 on migration, adhesion, spreading, and osteogenic differentiation of MSCs required for bone tissue engineering application has not been tested properly. In this study, we aimed to analyze the effect of NGR1 on the cellular activities of MSCs. Since human adipose-derived stromal cells (hASCs) are commonly used MSCs for bone tissue engineering, we used hASCs as a model of MSCs. The optimal concentration of 0.05 μg/mL NGR1 was biocompatible and promoted migration and osteogenic differentiation of hASCs. Pro-angiogenic factor VEGF expression was upregulated in NGR1-treated hASCs. NGR1 enhanced the adhesion and spreading of hASCs on the bio-inert glass surface. NGR1 robustly promoted hASCs adhesion and survival in 3D-printed TCP scaffold both in vitro and in vivo. NGR1 mitigated LPS-induced expression of inflammatory markers IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in hASCs as well as inhibited the RANKL/OPG expression ratio. In conclusion, the biocompatible NGR1 promoted the migration, adhesion, spreading, osteogenic differentiation, and anti-inflammatory properties of hASCs.
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Chummun I, Gimié F, Goonoo N, Arsa IA, Cordonin C, Jhurry D, Bhaw-Luximon A. Polysucrose hydrogel and nanofiber scaffolds for skin tissue regeneration: Architecture and cell response. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2022; 135:112694. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2022.112694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Agarwal T, Tan SA, Onesto V, Law JX, Agrawal G, Pal S, Lim WL, Sharifi E, Moghaddam FD, Maiti TK. Engineered herbal scaffolds for tissue repair and regeneration: Recent trends and technologies. BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING ADVANCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bea.2021.100015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
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10
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Goonoo N, Gimié F, Ait-Arsa I, Cordonin C, Andries J, Jhurry D, Bhaw-Luximon A. Piezoelectric core-shell PHBV/PDX blend scaffolds for reduced superficial wound contraction and scarless tissue regeneration. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:5259-5274. [PMID: 34164641 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm00379h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The use of non-invasive scaffold materials which can mimic the innate piezoelectric properties of biological tissues is a promising strategy to promote native tissue regeneration. Piezoelectric and cell instructive electrospun core-shell PDX/PHBV mats have been engineered to promote native tissue and skin regeneration. In depth physicochemical characterisation, in vitro and in vivo studies of a rat model showed that the 20/80 PDX/PHBV composition possessed the right balance of physicochemical and piezoelectric properties leading to enhanced fibroblast stimulation, proliferation and migration, reduced fibroblast-mediated contraction and macrophage-induced inflammation, improved keratinocyte proliferation, proper balance between endothelial cell phenotypes, decreased in vivo fibrosis and accelerated in vivo scarless wound regeneration. Overall, this study highlights the importance of exploiting cell-material interactions to match tissue biological needs to sustain the wound healing cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nowsheen Goonoo
- Biomaterials, Drug Delivery and Nanotechnology Unit, Centre for Biomedical and Biomaterials Research, MSIRI Building, University of Mauritius, 80837 Réduit, Mauritius.
| | - Fanny Gimié
- Animalerie, Plateforme de recherche CYROI, 2 rue Maxime Rivière, 97490 Sainte Clotilde, Ile de La Réunion, France
| | - Imade Ait-Arsa
- Animalerie, Plateforme de recherche CYROI, 2 rue Maxime Rivière, 97490 Sainte Clotilde, Ile de La Réunion, France
| | - Colette Cordonin
- Animalerie, Plateforme de recherche CYROI, 2 rue Maxime Rivière, 97490 Sainte Clotilde, Ile de La Réunion, France
| | - Jessica Andries
- RIPA, Plateforme de recherche CYROI, 2 rue Maxime Rivière, 97490 Sainte Clotilde, Ile de La Réunion, France
| | - Dhanjay Jhurry
- Biomaterials, Drug Delivery and Nanotechnology Unit, Centre for Biomedical and Biomaterials Research, MSIRI Building, University of Mauritius, 80837 Réduit, Mauritius.
| | - Archana Bhaw-Luximon
- Biomaterials, Drug Delivery and Nanotechnology Unit, Centre for Biomedical and Biomaterials Research, MSIRI Building, University of Mauritius, 80837 Réduit, Mauritius.
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Díaz-Arca A, Ros-Tárraga P, Tomé MJM, De Aza AH, Meseguer-Olmo L, Mazón P, De Aza PN. Micro-/Nano-Structured Ceramic Scaffolds That Mimic Natural Cancellous Bone. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:1439. [PMID: 33809533 PMCID: PMC7998178 DOI: 10.3390/ma14061439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Micro-/nano-structured scaffolds with a weight composition of 46.6% α-tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP)-53.4% silicocarnotite (SC) were synthesized by the polymer replica method. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis of the scaffolds and natural cancellous bone was performed for comparison purposes. Scaffolds were obtained at three cooling rates via the eutectoid temperature (50 °C/h, 16.5 °C/h, 5.5 °C/h), which allowed the surface nanostructure and mechanical strength to be controlled. Surface nanostructures were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Raman analysis. Both phases α-TCP and SC present in the scaffolds were well-identified, looked compact and dense, and had neither porosities nor cracks. The non-cytotoxic effect was evaluated in vitro by the proliferation ability of adult human mesenchymal stem cells (ah-MSCs) seeded on scaffold surfaces. There was no evidence for cytotoxicity and the number of cells increased with culture time. A dense cell-hydroxyapatite layer formed until 28 days. The SEM analysis suggested cell-mediated extracellular matrix formation. Finally, scaffolds were functionalized with the alkaline phosphatase enzyme (ALP) to achieve biological functionalization. The ALP was successfully grafted onto scaffolds, whose enzymatic activity was maintained. Scaffolds mimicked the micro-/nano-structure and chemical composition of natural cancellous bone by considering cell biology and biomolecule functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anabel Díaz-Arca
- Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche, Spain; (A.D.-A.); (P.R.-T.); (P.M.)
| | - Patricia Ros-Tárraga
- Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche, Spain; (A.D.-A.); (P.R.-T.); (P.M.)
| | - María J. Martínez Tomé
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche, 03202 Elche, Spain;
| | | | - Luis Meseguer-Olmo
- Grupo de Investigación en Regeneración y Reparación de Tejidos, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia, Guadalupe, 30107 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Patricia Mazón
- Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche, Spain; (A.D.-A.); (P.R.-T.); (P.M.)
| | - Piedad N. De Aza
- Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche, Spain; (A.D.-A.); (P.R.-T.); (P.M.)
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12
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Heidari BS, Chen P, Ruan R, Davachi SM, Al-Salami H, De Juan Pardo E, Zheng M, Doyle B. A novel biocompatible polymeric blend for applications requiring high toughness and tailored degradation rate. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:2532-2546. [PMID: 33660730 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb02971h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Finding the right balance in mechanical properties and degradation rate of biodegradable materials for biomedical applications is challenging, not only at the time of implantation but also during biodegradation. For instance, high elongation at break and toughness with a mid-term degradation rate are required for tendon scaffold or suture application, which cannot be found in each alpha polyester individually. Here, we hypothesise that blending semi-crystalline poly(p-dioxanone) (PDO) and poly(lactide-co-caprolactone) (LCL) in a specific composition will enhance the toughness while also enabling tailored degradation times. Hence, blends of PDO and LCL (PDO/LCL) were prepared in varying concentrations and formed into films by solvent casting. We thoroughly characterised the chemical, thermal, morphological, and mechanical properties of the new blends before and during hydrolytic degradation. Cellular performance was determined by seeding mouse fibroblasts onto the samples and culturing for 72 hours, before using proliferation assays and confocal imaging. We found that an increase in LCL content causes a decrease in hydrolytic degradation rate, as indicated by induced crystallinity, surface and bulk erosions, and tensile properties. Interestingly, the noncytotoxic blend containing 30% PDO and 70% LCL (PDO3LCL7) resulted in small PDO droplets uniformly dispersed within the LCL matrix and demonstrated a tailored degradation rate and toughening behaviour with a notable strain-hardening effect reaching 320% elongation at break; over 3 times the elongation of neat LCL. In summary, this work highlights the potential of PDO3LCL7 as a biomaterial for biomedical applications like tendon tissue engineering or high-performance absorbable sutures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behzad Shiroud Heidari
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands and the UWA Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
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13
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Darzi S, Paul K, Leitan S, Werkmeister JA, Mukherjee S. Immunobiology and Application of Aloe Vera-Based Scaffolds in Tissue Engineering. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1708. [PMID: 33567756 PMCID: PMC7915752 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aloe vera (AV), a succulent plant belonging to the Liliaceae family, has been widely used for biomedical and pharmaceutical application. Its popularity stems from several of its bioactive components that have anti-oxidant, anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory and even immunomodulatory effects. Given such unique multi-modal biological impact, AV has been considered as a biomaterial for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering applications, where tissue repair and neo-angiogenesis are vital. This review outlines the growing scientific evidence that demonstrates the advantage of AV as tissue engineering scaffolds. We particularly highlight the recent advances in the application of AV-based scaffolds. From a tissue engineering perspective, it is pivotal that the implanted scaffolds strike an appropriate foreign body response to be well-accepted in the body without complications. Herein, we highlight the key cellular processes that regulate the foreign body response to implanted scaffolds and underline the immunomodulatory effects incurred by AV on the innate and adaptive system. Given that AV has several beneficial components, we discuss the importance of delving deeper into uncovering its action mechanism and thereby improving material design strategies for better tissue engineering constructs for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeedeh Darzi
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton 3168, Australia; (S.D.); (K.P.); (S.L.); (J.A.W.)
| | - Kallyanashis Paul
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton 3168, Australia; (S.D.); (K.P.); (S.L.); (J.A.W.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton 3168, Australia
| | - Shanilka Leitan
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton 3168, Australia; (S.D.); (K.P.); (S.L.); (J.A.W.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton 3168, Australia
| | - Jerome A. Werkmeister
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton 3168, Australia; (S.D.); (K.P.); (S.L.); (J.A.W.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton 3168, Australia
| | - Shayanti Mukherjee
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton 3168, Australia; (S.D.); (K.P.); (S.L.); (J.A.W.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton 3168, Australia
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14
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Sujeeun LY, Goonoo N, Ramphul H, Chummun I, Gimié F, Baichoo S, Bhaw-Luximon A. Correlating in vitro performance with physico-chemical characteristics of nanofibrous scaffolds for skin tissue engineering using supervised machine learning algorithms. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2020; 7:201293. [PMID: 33489277 PMCID: PMC7813265 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.201293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The engineering of polymeric scaffolds for tissue regeneration has known a phenomenal growth during the past decades as materials scientists seek to understand cell biology and cell-material behaviour. Statistical methods are being applied to physico-chemical properties of polymeric scaffolds for tissue engineering (TE) to guide through the complexity of experimental conditions. We have attempted using experimental in vitro data and physico-chemical data of electrospun polymeric scaffolds, tested for skin TE, to model scaffold performance using machine learning (ML) approach. Fibre diameter, pore diameter, water contact angle and Young's modulus were used to find a correlation with 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay of L929 fibroblasts cells on the scaffolds after 7 days. Six supervised learning algorithms were trained on the data using Seaborn/Scikit-learn Python libraries. After hyperparameter tuning, random forest regression yielded the highest accuracy of 62.74%. The predictive model was also correlated with in vivo data. This is a first preliminary study on ML methods for the prediction of cell-material interactions on nanofibrous scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi Y. Sujeeun
- Biomaterials, Drug Delivery and Nanotechnology Unit, Centre for Biomedical and Biomaterials Research (CBBR), University of Mauritius, 80837 Réduit, Mauritius
- Department of Digital Technologies, Faculty of Information, Communication and Digital Technologies, University of Mauritius, 80837 Réduit, Mauritius
| | - Nowsheen Goonoo
- Biomaterials, Drug Delivery and Nanotechnology Unit, Centre for Biomedical and Biomaterials Research (CBBR), University of Mauritius, 80837 Réduit, Mauritius
| | - Honita Ramphul
- Biomaterials, Drug Delivery and Nanotechnology Unit, Centre for Biomedical and Biomaterials Research (CBBR), University of Mauritius, 80837 Réduit, Mauritius
| | - Itisha Chummun
- Biomaterials, Drug Delivery and Nanotechnology Unit, Centre for Biomedical and Biomaterials Research (CBBR), University of Mauritius, 80837 Réduit, Mauritius
| | - Fanny Gimié
- Animalerie, Plateforme de recherche CYROI, 2 rue Maxime Rivière, 97490 Sainte Clotilde, Ile de La Réunion, France
| | - Shakuntala Baichoo
- Department of Digital Technologies, Faculty of Information, Communication and Digital Technologies, University of Mauritius, 80837 Réduit, Mauritius
| | - Archana Bhaw-Luximon
- Biomaterials, Drug Delivery and Nanotechnology Unit, Centre for Biomedical and Biomaterials Research (CBBR), University of Mauritius, 80837 Réduit, Mauritius
- Author for correspondence: Archana Bhaw-Luximon e-mail: ,
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15
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Marrazzo P, O’Leary C. Repositioning Natural Antioxidants for Therapeutic Applications in Tissue Engineering. Bioengineering (Basel) 2020; 7:E104. [PMID: 32887327 PMCID: PMC7552777 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering7030104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Although a large panel of natural antioxidants demonstrate a protective effect in preventing cellular oxidative stress, their low bioavailability limits therapeutic activity at the targeted injury site. The importance to deliver drug or cells into oxidative microenvironments can be realized with the development of biocompatible redox-modulating materials. The incorporation of antioxidant compounds within implanted biomaterials should be able to retain the antioxidant activity, while also allowing graft survival and tissue recovery. This review summarizes the recent literature reporting the combined role of natural antioxidants with biomaterials. Our review highlights how such functionalization is a promising strategy in tissue engineering to improve the engraftment and promote tissue healing or regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Marrazzo
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Corso d’Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini (RN), Italy
| | - Cian O’Leary
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), 123 St Stephen’s Green, 2 D02 Dublin, Ireland;
- Science Foundation Ireland Advanced Materials and Bioengineering (AMBER) Centre, RCSI, 2 D02 Dublin, Ireland
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