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Tan C, Wang W, Wu Y, Chen Y. Dissolved LiO 2 or adsorbed LiO 2? The reactive superoxide during discharging process in lithium-oxygen batteries. Faraday Discuss 2024; 248:160-174. [PMID: 37753617 DOI: 10.1039/d3fd00080j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Lithium-oxygen batteries are promising but have many challenges. Unlike lithium-ion batteries, they are usually discharge-charge cycled with capacity cutoff instead of potential cutoff, which brings controversy. Additionally, which superoxide intermediate, the dissolved or the adsorbed superoxide, is more reactive and leads to cell premature death and unsatisfactory discharge capacity? These questions puzzle researchers and impede the development of lithium-oxygen batteries. Herein, on one hand, we tried to decouple the influence of discharging potential and discharging current density on the discharge products and side reactions. We found that the electrode potential has more impact on the side reactions than the current density. The low potential leads to a high ratio of Li2CO3 to Li2O2 in the discharge product and hence more surface passivation. On the other hand, to identify the more reactive and aggressive species that cause surface passivation, a flow cell setup was applied to suppress the solution route and maximize the products from the surface route. Results show that more Li2CO3 was identified under a large flow rate and thus the intermediates in surface route appear to be more reactive than that in solution route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211816, China.
| | - Wentao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211816, China.
| | - Yuping Wu
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, P. R. China
| | - Yuhui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211816, China.
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Liu J, Guo L, Xu Y, Huang J, Peng Z. K-O 2 electrochemistry at the Au/DMSO interface probed by in situ spectroscopy and theoretical calculations. Faraday Discuss 2024; 248:89-101. [PMID: 37753847 DOI: 10.1039/d3fd00071k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
The reaction mechanism underpinning the operation of K-O2 batteries, particularly the O2 reactions at the positive electrode, is still not completely understood. In this work, by combining in situ Raman spectroelectrochemistry and density functional theory calculations, we report on a fundamental study of K-O2 electrochemistry at a model interface of Au electrode/DMSO electrolyte. The key products and intermediates (O2-, KO2 and K2O2) are identified and their dependency on the electrode potential is revealed. At high potentials, the first reduction intermediate of O2-* radical anions (* denotes the adsorbed state) can desorb from the Au electrode surface and combine with K+ cations in the electrolyte producing KO2via a solution-mediated pathway. At low potentials, O2 can be directly reduced to on the Au electrode surface, which can be further reduced to at extremely low potentials. The fact that K2O2 has only been detected in the very high overpotential regime indicates a lack of KO2 disproportionation reaction both on the Au electrode surface and in the electrolyte solution. This work addresses the fundamental mechanism and origin of the high reversibility of the aprotic K-O2 batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinwen Liu
- College of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China
- Laboratory of Advanced Spectro-electrochemistry and Li-ion Batteries, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Limin Guo
- College of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China
- Laboratory of Advanced Spectro-electrochemistry and Li-ion Batteries, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Ye Xu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - Jun Huang
- Laboratory of Advanced Spectro-electrochemistry and Li-ion Batteries, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research, IEK-13, Theory and Computation of Energy Materials, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Zhangquan Peng
- Laboratory of Advanced Spectro-electrochemistry and Li-ion Batteries, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
- School of Applied Physics and Materials, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
- Tianmu Lake Institute of Advanced Energy Storage Technologies Co. Ltd, Liyang 213300, China
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Zhang Z, Xiao X, Yu W, Zhao Z, Tan P. Reacquainting the Sudden-Death and Reaction Routes of Li-O 2 Batteries by Ex Situ Observation of Li 2O 2 Distribution Inside a Highly Ordered Air Electrode. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:7527-7534. [PMID: 36069458 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c02516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The unclear Li2O2 distribution inside an air electrode stems from the difficulty of conducting observation techniques inside a porous electrode. In this work, an integrated air electrode is prepared with highly ordered channels. The morphological composition and distribution of Li2O2 inside the real air electrode are clearly observed for the first time. The results show that the toroidal Li2O2 is constrained by the channel size and exhibits a larger diameter on the separator side at high currents. In contrast to the reported single-factor experiments, the coupling effects of charge transfer impedance and concentration polarization on sudden death are analyzed in-depth at low and high currents. The growth model suggests that toroidal Li2O2 exhibits a high dependence on the electrode surface structure. A new route is proposed in which the Li2O2/electrode interface of a toroid is controlled partially by the second single-electron reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuojun Zhang
- Department of Thermal Science and Energy Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Xu Xiao
- Department of Thermal Science and Energy Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Wentao Yu
- Department of Thermal Science and Energy Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Zhongxi Zhao
- Department of Thermal Science and Energy Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Peng Tan
- Department of Thermal Science and Energy Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei 230026, Anhui, China
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Zhang J, Luo X, Li X, Yang Q, He J, Xin S, Yang X, Yu Y, Zhang D, Zhang C. Two‐Dimensional Boron and Nitrogen Dual‐Doped Graphitic Carbon as an Efficient Metal‐Free Cathodic Electrocatalyst for Lithium‐Air Batteries. ChemElectroChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202001373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230009 P. R. China
| | - Xiaoman Luo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230009 P. R. China
| | - Xufang Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230009 P. R. China
| | - Qingchun Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230009 P. R. China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Green Manufacturing of Power Battery Tianneng Battery Group (Anhui Company) Fuyang, Jieshou 236500 P. R. China
| | - Jianbo He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230009 P. R. China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Green Manufacturing of Power Battery Tianneng Battery Group (Anhui Company) Fuyang, Jieshou 236500 P. R. China
| | - Sen Xin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Xinming Yang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Green Manufacturing of Power Battery Tianneng Battery Group (Anhui Company) Fuyang, Jieshou 236500 P. R. China
| | - Yan Yu
- Department of Materials of Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 Anhui China
| | - Dawei Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230009 P. R. China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Green Manufacturing of Power Battery Tianneng Battery Group (Anhui Company) Fuyang, Jieshou 236500 P. R. China
| | - Chaofeng Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230009 P. R. China
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Han XB, Ye S. Structural Design of Oxygen Reduction Redox Mediators (ORRMs) Based on Anthraquinone (AQ) for the Li–O2 Battery. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c01469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Bin Han
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Shen Ye
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
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Li J, Gao M, Tong S, Luo C, Zhu H, Taketsugu T, Uosaki K, Wu M. Effect of O2 adsorption on the termination of Li–O2 batteries discharge. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.135977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Dong H, Tang P, Wang X, Li K, Wang Y, Wang D, Liu H, Yang S, Wu C. Pt/NiO Microsphere Composite as Efficient Multifunctional Catalysts for Nonaqueous Lithium-Oxygen Batteries and Alkaline Fuel Cells: The Synergistic Effect of Pt and Ni. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:39789-39797. [PMID: 31589015 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b11623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Developing efficient and low-cost multifunctional electrocatalysts is important for electrochemical devices. In this work, a cost-effective Pt/NiO composite with very limited Pt loading (from 0.5 to 3%) was controllably synthesized through facile hydrothermal procedures. The composite demonstrated the improved catalytic performance as applied to the nonaqueous Li-O2 batteries and the alkaline fuel cells. Regarding the alkaline fuel cells, 1% Pt/NiO composite gave rise to the best Pt distribution and thus exhibited the optimized electrochemical conductivity and properties as suggested by the significantly improved electrochemical reversibility. Meanwhile, the demonstrated 1% Pt/NiO composite presented high catalytic capability as electrode for Li-O2 batteries, which allowed for much improved capacity utilization, high cycling stability, high initial capacity (2329 mAh/g), and no obvious voltage drop during cycling. Such multiple advantages of prepared composite electrode material offer new prospects and application as multifunctional electrocatalysts for both Li-O2 batteries and alkaline fuel cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Dong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Henan Normal University , Xinxiang 453007 , Henan Province , PR China
- National & Local Engineering Laboratory for Motive Power and Key Materials , Xinxiang 453000 , PR China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Motive Power and Key Materials , Xinxiang 453000 , PR China
| | - Panpan Tang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Henan Normal University , Xinxiang 453007 , Henan Province , PR China
- National & Local Engineering Laboratory for Motive Power and Key Materials , Xinxiang 453000 , PR China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Motive Power and Key Materials , Xinxiang 453000 , PR China
| | - Xinran Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science & Engineering , Beijing Institute of Technology , Beijing 100081 , PR China
| | - Ke Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Henan Normal University , Xinxiang 453007 , Henan Province , PR China
- National & Local Engineering Laboratory for Motive Power and Key Materials , Xinxiang 453000 , PR China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Motive Power and Key Materials , Xinxiang 453000 , PR China
| | - Yiwen Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Henan Normal University , Xinxiang 453007 , Henan Province , PR China
- National & Local Engineering Laboratory for Motive Power and Key Materials , Xinxiang 453000 , PR China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Motive Power and Key Materials , Xinxiang 453000 , PR China
| | - Dong Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Henan Normal University , Xinxiang 453007 , Henan Province , PR China
| | - Hui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Power Transmission Technology , Global Energy Interconnection Research Institute Co. Ltd , Beijing 102211 , PR China
| | - Shuting Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Henan Normal University , Xinxiang 453007 , Henan Province , PR China
- National & Local Engineering Laboratory for Motive Power and Key Materials , Xinxiang 453000 , PR China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Motive Power and Key Materials , Xinxiang 453000 , PR China
| | - Chuan Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science & Engineering , Beijing Institute of Technology , Beijing 100081 , PR China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Electric Vehicles in Beijing , Beijing 100081 , PR China
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Hou B, Lei X, Gan Z, Zhong S, Liu G, Ouyang C. Structural and electronic properties of small lithium peroxide clusters in view of the charge process in Li-O 2 batteries. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:19935-19943. [PMID: 31475717 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp03785c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The Li-O2 battery is an ideal energy storage device due to its highest theoretical energy density; however, its high charge overpotential limits its practical application. Herein, through ab initio calculations, we systematically investigated the structural and electronic properties of small (Li2O2)nm+ (n = 1, m = 0, 1 and n = 2, m = 0, 1, and 2) clusters and calculated the reaction energies of various decomposition reactions. Results show that the (Li2O2)1 monomer has a low spin, whereas the (Li2O2)2 dimer has a high spin. The analysis of bond length, molecular orbitals, and projected density of states reveals that the interaction of O-O is stronger in the cationic cluster than in the neutral one, whereas the interaction of O-Li is weaker in the cationic cluster than in the neutral one; this facilitates the decomposition of cationic lithium peroxide cluster. Furthermore, the calculated reaction energies indicate that the peroxide lithium decomposition preferentially favors two-step reaction over one-step reaction. Finally, the lowest-energy reaction pathway for the decomposition of (Li2O2)2 dimer was predicted to be (Li2O2)2 → Li2O2 → (Li2O2)+ → LiO2 → O2, and the rate-determining step was predicted to be the first step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binpeng Hou
- Department of Physics, Laboratory of Computational Materials Physics, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China.
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