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M. Aguilar N, Perez-Aguilar JM, González-Coronel VJ, Soriano Moro JG, Sanchez-Gaytan BL. Polymers as Versatile Players in the Stabilization, Capping, and Design of Inorganic Nanostructures. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:35196-35203. [PMID: 34984252 PMCID: PMC8717372 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c05420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The integration of simple components to generate sophisticated hybrid materials with fine-tuned properties represents a significant scientific challenge. Herein, we present recent advances in the use of polymers to control the synthesis and properties of three of the most relevant inorganic nanoparticles, namely, quantum dots (QDs), magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), and noble metal nanoparticles (NMNPs). We show relevant examples of how polymeric structures synthesized by techniques such as ATRP, RAFT, and living cationic polymerization are used to aid in the synthesis and stabilization of the nanostructures to generate nanocomposites with outstanding capabilities. Special emphasis is placed on describing how some of the exceptional physicochemical properties of polymers are used as nanoreactors to facilitate the synthesis of the nanostructure by providing an adequate chemical environment. Additionally, we also describe how polymers are utilized to protect the integrity of the nanostructure from chemical degradation. The integration of polymeric structures and the nanostructures has a strong impact on the dispersion and morphology of the latter and, consequently, endow them with novel and promising features. The advances described here, particularly the use of polymers to modulate and provide new properties to nanoparticles, exemplify the great versatility of polymers and how these may expand the capabilities of inorganic nanostructures that can be used to generate novel and sophisticated hybrid materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nery M. Aguilar
- Chemistry
Center, Science Institute, Meritorious Autonomous
University of Puebla (BUAP), University City, Puebla 72570, Mexico
| | - Jose Manuel Perez-Aguilar
- School
of Chemical Sciences, Meritorious Autonomous
University of Puebla (BUAP), University City, Puebla 72570, Mexico
| | - Valeria J. González-Coronel
- School
of Chemical Engineering, Meritorious Autonomous
University of Puebla (BUAP), University City, Puebla 72570, Mexico
| | - Jesus Guillermo Soriano Moro
- Chemistry
Center, Science Institute, Meritorious Autonomous
University of Puebla (BUAP), University City, Puebla 72570, Mexico
| | - Brenda L. Sanchez-Gaytan
- Chemistry
Center, Science Institute, Meritorious Autonomous
University of Puebla (BUAP), University City, Puebla 72570, Mexico
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Algar WR, Massey M, Rees K, Higgins R, Krause KD, Darwish GH, Peveler WJ, Xiao Z, Tsai HY, Gupta R, Lix K, Tran MV, Kim H. Photoluminescent Nanoparticles for Chemical and Biological Analysis and Imaging. Chem Rev 2021; 121:9243-9358. [PMID: 34282906 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Research related to the development and application of luminescent nanoparticles (LNPs) for chemical and biological analysis and imaging is flourishing. Novel materials and new applications continue to be reported after two decades of research. This review provides a comprehensive and heuristic overview of this field. It is targeted to both newcomers and experts who are interested in a critical assessment of LNP materials, their properties, strengths and weaknesses, and prospective applications. Numerous LNP materials are cataloged by fundamental descriptions of their chemical identities and physical morphology, quantitative photoluminescence (PL) properties, PL mechanisms, and surface chemistry. These materials include various semiconductor quantum dots, carbon nanotubes, graphene derivatives, carbon dots, nanodiamonds, luminescent metal nanoclusters, lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles and downshifting nanoparticles, triplet-triplet annihilation nanoparticles, persistent-luminescence nanoparticles, conjugated polymer nanoparticles and semiconducting polymer dots, multi-nanoparticle assemblies, and doped and labeled nanoparticles, including but not limited to those based on polymers and silica. As an exercise in the critical assessment of LNP properties, these materials are ranked by several application-related functional criteria. Additional sections highlight recent examples of advances in chemical and biological analysis, point-of-care diagnostics, and cellular, tissue, and in vivo imaging and theranostics. These examples are drawn from the recent literature and organized by both LNP material and the particular properties that are leveraged to an advantage. Finally, a perspective on what comes next for the field is offered.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Russ Algar
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Melissa Massey
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Kelly Rees
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Rehan Higgins
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Katherine D Krause
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Ghinwa H Darwish
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - William J Peveler
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K
| | - Zhujun Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Hsin-Yun Tsai
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Rupsa Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Kelsi Lix
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Michael V Tran
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Hyungki Kim
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
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