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Paul Inbaraj CR, Mathew RJ, Sankar R, Lin HY, Li NX, Chen YT, Chen YF. Coupling between Pyroelectricity and Built-In Electric Field Enabled Highly Sensitive Infrared Phototransistor Based on InSe/WSe 2/P(VDF-TrFE) Heterostructure. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:19121-19128. [PMID: 37027524 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c22876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The assorted utilization of infrared detectors induces the demand for more comprehensive and high-performance electronic devices that work at room temperature. The intricacy of the fabrication process with bulk material limits the exploration in this field. However, two-dimensional (2D) materials with a narrow band gap opening aid in infrared (IR) detection relatively, but the photodetection range is narrowed due to the inherent band gap. In this study, we report an unprecedented attempt at the coordinated use of both 2D heterostructure (InSe/WSe2) and the dielectric polymer (poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene), P(VDF-TrFE)) for both visible and IR photodetection in a single device. The remnant polarization due to the ferroelectric effect of the polymer dielectric enhances the photocarrier separation in the visible range, resulting in high photoresponsivity. On the other hand, the pyroelectric effect of the polymer dielectric causes a change in the device current due to the increased temperature induced by the localized heating effect of the IR irradiation, which results in the change of ferroelectric polarization and induces the redistribution of charge carriers. In turn, it changes the built-in electric field, the depletion width, and the band alignment across the p-n heterojunction interface. Consequently, the charge carrier separation and the photosensitivity are therefore enhanced. Through the coupling between pyroelectricity and built-in electric field across the heterojunction, the specific detectivity for the photon energy below the band gap of the constituent 2D materials can reach up to 1011 Jones, which is better than all reported pyroelectric IR detectors. The proposed approach combining the ferroelectric and pyroelectric effects of the dielectric as well as exceptional properties of the 2D heterostructures can spark the design of advanced and not-yet realized optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roshan Jesus Mathew
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Raman Sankar
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Hsia Yu Lin
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Nian-Xiu Li
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yit-Tsong Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Electrophysics, PSMC-NYCU Research Center, and LIGHTMED Laser System Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan
| | - Yang-Fang Chen
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Advanced Research Centre for Green Materials Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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Huang W, Zhang Y, Song M, Wang B, Hou H, Hu X, Chen X, Zhai T. Encapsulation strategies on 2D materials for field effect transistors and photodetectors. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.08.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Lee Y, Chang S, Chen S, Chen S, Chen H. Optical Inspection of 2D Materials: From Mechanical Exfoliation to Wafer-Scale Growth and Beyond. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2102128. [PMID: 34716758 PMCID: PMC8728831 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202102128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Optical inspection is a rapid and non-destructive method for characterizing the properties of two-dimensional (2D) materials. With the aid of optical inspection, in situ and scalable monitoring of the properties of 2D materials can be implemented industrially to advance the development and progress of 2D material-based devices toward mass production. This review discusses the optical inspection techniques that are available to characterize various 2D materials, including graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), group-III monochalcogenides, black phosphorus (BP), and group-IV monochalcogenides. First, the authors provide an introduction to these 2D materials and the processes commonly used for their fabrication. Then they review several of the important structural properties of 2D materials, and discuss how to characterize them using appropriate optical inspection tools. The authors also describe the challenges and opportunities faced when applying optical inspection to recently developed 2D materials, from mechanically exfoliated to wafer-scale-grown 2D materials. Most importantly, the authors summarize the techniques available for largely and precisely enhancing the optical signals from 2D materials. This comprehensive review of the current status and perspective of future trends for optical inspection of the structural properties of 2D materials will facilitate the development of next-generation 2D material-based devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang‐Chun Lee
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringNational Taiwan UniversityNo. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt RoadTaipei10617Taiwan
| | - Sih‐Wei Chang
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringNational Taiwan UniversityNo. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt RoadTaipei10617Taiwan
| | - Shu‐Hsien Chen
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringNational Taiwan UniversityNo. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt RoadTaipei10617Taiwan
| | - Shau‐Liang Chen
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringNational Taiwan UniversityNo. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt RoadTaipei10617Taiwan
| | - Hsuen‐Li Chen
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringNational Taiwan UniversityNo. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt RoadTaipei10617Taiwan
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Paul Inbaraj CR, Mathew RJ, Ulaganathan RK, Sankar R, Kataria M, Lin HY, Chen YT, Hofmann M, Lee CH, Chen YF. A Bi-Anti-Ambipolar Field Effect Transistor. ACS NANO 2021; 15:8686-8693. [PMID: 33970616 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c00762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Multistate logic is recognized as a promising approach to increase the device density of microelectronics, but current approaches are offset by limited performance and large circuit complexity. We here demonstrate a route toward increased integration density that is enabled by a mechanically tunable device concept. Bi-anti-ambipolar transistors (bi-AATs) exhibit two distinct peaks in their transconductance and can be realized by a single 2D-material heterojunction-based solid-state device. Dynamic deformation of the device reveals the co-occurrence of two conduction pathways to be the origin of this previously unobserved behavior. Initially, carrier conduction proceeds through the junction edge, but illumination and application of strain can increase the recombination rate in the junction sufficiently to support an alternative carrier conduction path through the junction area. Optical characterization reveals a tunable emission pattern and increased optoelectronic responsivity that corroborates our model. Strain control permits the optimization of the conduction efficiency through both pathways and can be employed in quaternary inverters for future multilogic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christy Roshini Paul Inbaraj
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- Nano-science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Roshan Jesus Mathew
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- Nano-science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | | | - Raman Sankar
- Center for Condensed Matter Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Monika Kataria
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Hsia Yu Lin
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yit-Tsong Chen
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Mario Hofmann
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hao Lee
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Yang-Fang Chen
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Advanced Research Centre for Green Materials Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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Paul Inbaraj CR, Mathew RJ, Ulaganathan RK, Sankar R, Kataria M, Lin HY, Cheng HY, Lin KH, Lin HI, Liao YM, Chou FC, Chen YT, Lee CH, Chen YF. Modulating Charge Separation with Hexagonal Boron Nitride Mediation in Vertical Van der Waals Heterostructures. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:26213-26221. [PMID: 32400164 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c06077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Tuning the optical and electrical properties by stacking different layers of two-dimensional (2D) materials enables us to create unusual physical phenomena. Here, we demonstrate an alternative approach to enhance charge separation and alter physical properties in van der Waals heterojunctions with type-II band alignment by using thin dielectric spacers. To illustrate our working principle, we implement a hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) sieve layer in between an InSe/GeS heterojunction. The optical transitions at the junctions studied by photoluminescence and the ultrafast pump-probe technique show quenching of emission without h-BN layers exhibiting an indirect recombination process. This quenching effect due to strong interlayer coupling was confirmed with Raman spectroscopic studies. In contrast, h-BN layers in between InSe and GeS show strong enhancement in emission, giving another degree of freedom to tune the heterojunction property. The two-terminal photoresponse study supports the argument by showing a large photocurrent density for an InSe/h-BN/GeS device by avoiding interlayer charge recombination. The enhanced charge separation with h-BN mediation manifests a photoresponsivity and detectivity of 9 × 102 A W-1 and 3.4 × 1014 Jones, respectively. Moreover, a photogain of 1.7 × 103 shows a high detection of electrons for the incident photons. Interestingly, the photovoltaic short-circuit current is switched from positive to negative, whereas the open-circuit voltage changes from negative to positive. Our proposed enhancement of charge separation with 2D-insulator mediation, therefore, provides a useful route to manipulate the physical properties of heterostructures and for the future development of high-performance optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christy Roshini Paul Inbaraj
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- Nano-Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Roshan Jesus Mathew
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- Nano-Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | | | - Raman Sankar
- Center for Condensed Matter Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Monika Kataria
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Physics, National Central University, Chung-Li 320, Taiwan
- Molecular Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Advanced Research Centre for Green Materials Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Hsia Yu Lin
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Yu Cheng
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Kung-Hsuan Lin
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Hung-I Lin
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ming Liao
- Nano-Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Fang Cheng Chou
- Center for Condensed Matter Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yit-Tsong Chen
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hao Lee
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Yang-Fang Chen
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Advanced Research Centre for Green Materials Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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Yuan S, Fan C, Tian H, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Zhong M, Liu H, Wang M, Li E. Enhanced Photoresponse of Indium-Doped Tin Disulfide Nanosheets. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:2607-2614. [PMID: 31868352 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b16321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Doping of tin disulfide (SnS2) is an effective strategy to regulate its physical and chemical properties. In this work, In doping was used to manipulate the photoresponse behavior of SnS2-based photodetectors. In-doped SnS2 nanosheets were synthesized via a facile hydrothermal method. It was found that the In doping concentration plays an important role in the size of the fabricated SnS2 nanosheets. With the increase in the In doping concentration, the lateral size of samples increased from ∼210 to ∼420 nm, but the crystallinity became poor at higher concentrations. Energy dispersive X-ray-mapping results show that the In was homogeneously distributed in the samples. In addition, a red shift was observed in the binding energy of Sn and S with increased In doping concentration, which may be due to the p-type doping of In in SnS2. After In doping, the performance of SnS2-based photodetectors was significantly improved. The photoresponse speed of In-doped SnS2-based photodetectors was faster than that of pristine SnS2-based devices under the illumination of 532 and 405 nm lasers. This work develops an effective approach of In doping to enhance the photoresponse characteristics of SnS2-based photodetectors and proves that In-doped SnS2 has a vast potential in optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Yuan
- Institute of Micro-Nano Photoelectron and Electromagnetic Technology Innovation, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Hebei University of Technology , Tianjin 300401 , China
| | - Chao Fan
- Institute of Micro-Nano Photoelectron and Electromagnetic Technology Innovation, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Hebei University of Technology , Tianjin 300401 , China
| | - He Tian
- Institute of Micro-Nano Photoelectron and Electromagnetic Technology Innovation, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Hebei University of Technology , Tianjin 300401 , China
| | - Yonghui Zhang
- Institute of Micro-Nano Photoelectron and Electromagnetic Technology Innovation, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Hebei University of Technology , Tianjin 300401 , China
| | - Zihui Zhang
- Institute of Micro-Nano Photoelectron and Electromagnetic Technology Innovation, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Hebei University of Technology , Tianjin 300401 , China
| | - Mianzeng Zhong
- Institute of Super-Microstructure and Ultrafast Process in Advanced Materials, School of Physics and Electronics , Central South University , Changsha 410083 , China
| | - Hongfei Liu
- School of Science , Tianjin Chengjian University , Tianjin 300384 , China
| | - Mengjun Wang
- Institute of Micro-Nano Photoelectron and Electromagnetic Technology Innovation, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Hebei University of Technology , Tianjin 300401 , China
| | - Erping Li
- Institute of Micro-Nano Photoelectron and Electromagnetic Technology Innovation, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Hebei University of Technology , Tianjin 300401 , China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro/Nano Electronic Devices & Smart Systems of Zhejiang , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China
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