1
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Wang K, Chen XY, Zhang RWY, Yue Y, Wen XL, Yang YS, Han CY, Ma Y, Liu HJ, Zhu HL. Multifunctional fluorescence/photoacoustic bimodal imaging of γ-glutamyltranspeptidase in liver disorders under different triggering conditions. Biomaterials 2024; 310:122635. [PMID: 38810386 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) seriously threatens the human health. Previous investigations revealed that γ-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) was tightly associated with the chronic injury, hepatic fibrosis, and the development of HCC, therefore might act as a potential indicator for monitoring the HCC-related processes. Herein, with the contribution of a structurally optimized probe ETYZE-GGT, the bimodal imaging in both far red fluorescence (FL) and photoacoustic (PA) modes has been achieved in multiple HCC-related models. To our knowledge, this work covered the most comprehensive models including the fibrosis and developed HCC processes as well as the premonitory induction stages (autoimmune hepatitis, drug-induced liver injury, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease). ETYZE-GGT exhibited steady and practical monitoring performances on reporting the HCC stages via visualizing the GGT dynamics. The two modes exhibited working consistency and complementarity with high spatial resolution, precise apparatus and desirable biocompatibility. In cooperation with the existing techniques including testing serum indexes and conducting pathological staining, ETYZE-GGT basically realized the universal application for the accurate pre-clinical diagnosis of as many HCC stages as possible. By deeply exploring the mechanically correlation between GGT and the HCC process, especially during the premonitory induction stages, we may further raise the efficacy for the early diagnosis and treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Affiliated Children's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214023, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xu-Yang Chen
- Affiliated Children's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214023, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ren-Wei-Yang Zhang
- Affiliated Children's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214023, China
| | - Ying Yue
- Affiliated Children's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214023, China
| | - Xiao-Lin Wen
- Affiliated Children's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214023, China
| | - Yu-Shun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Chen-Yang Han
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314001, China
| | - Yuan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China.
| | - Hong-Ji Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China.
| | - Hai-Liang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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2
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Jin C, Cao Z, Zhu HL, Li Z. γ-Glutamyltranspeptidase fluorescence lifetime response probe for precision tumor detection unveiling A549 cancer cell specificity. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 261:116484. [PMID: 38878698 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
γ-Glutamyltranspeptidase (γ-GGT), as a key enzyme, exhibits markedly higher expression levels in tumor cells compared to normal cells. Under normal conditions, γ-GGT activity on the cell membrane is relatively low, but it undergoes a significant upregulation in cancer cells, making it a potential cancer biomarker. Particularly in A549 cells, a prominent cancer cell line, the pronounced upregulation of γ-GGT expression emphasizes its potential as a unique recognition target and a robust marker for A549 cells. This study successfully synthesized a highly selective γ-GGT fluorescent probe, the exhibits commendable sensitivity (LOD = 0.0021U/mL) and selectivity, achieving efficient detection at the cellular level and providing accurate insights into differential expression between normal and cancer cells. The alterations in fluorescence lifetime observed before and after the probe's reaction with γ-GGT serve as a crucial foundation for fluorescence lifetime imaging on living cells. The probe has become a powerful tool for precise localization of tumor cells, particularly demonstrating its capability for specific recognition in A549 cells. Overall, this research highlights the potential of γ-GGT as a target for fluorescent probes, emphasizing its prospects in specific recognition, particularly in A549 cells, with profound implications for advancing early cancer diagnosis and treatment methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, No.163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zhijia Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, No.163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Hai-Liang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, No.163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zhen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, No.163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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3
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Wang K, Yue Y, Chen XY, Wen XL, Yang B, Ren SZ, Yang YS, Jiang HX. In Vivo Imaging of γ-Glutamyl Transferase in Cardiovascular Diseases with a Photoacoustic Probe. ACS Sens 2024; 9:962-970. [PMID: 38293708 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c02480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
In this work, a photoacoustic (PA) probe, HDS-GGT, was developed for the in vivo imaging of cardiovascular diseases by monitoring the γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT) dynamics. HDS-GGT exhibited a stable PA signal with auxiliary absorbance and NIRF variation after the trigger by GGT. In all three modalities of absorbance, NIRF, and PA, HDS-GGT could quantitatively reflect the GGT level. In PA modality, HDS-GGT indicated the practical advantages including high sensitivity, high stability, and high specificity. In living oxidized low-density lipoprotein-induced RAW264.7 cells, HDS-GGT indicated proper capability for imaging the plaques by visualizing the GGT dynamics. Moreover, during imaging in living model mice, HDS-GGT was achieved to distinguish the plaques from healthy blood vessels via a multiview PA presentation. HDS-GGT could also suggest the severity of plaques in the extracted aorta from the model mice, which was consistent with the histological staining results. The information herein might be useful for future investigations on cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Affiliated Children's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214023, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ying Yue
- Affiliated Children's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214023, China
| | - Xu-Yang Chen
- Affiliated Children's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214023, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiao-Lin Wen
- Affiliated Children's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214023, China
| | - Bing Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Shen-Zhen Ren
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Hebei Province, Institute of Biophysics, School of Health Sciences & Biomedical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Yu-Shun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Jinhua Advanced Research Institute, Jinhua 321019, China
| | - Hao-Xiang Jiang
- Affiliated Children's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214023, China
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4
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Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Wu M, Zhang R. Advances and Perspectives of Responsive Probes for Measuring γ-Glutamyl Transpeptidase. ACS MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AU 2024; 4:54-75. [PMID: 38404494 PMCID: PMC10885334 DOI: 10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.3c00045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is a plasma-membrane-bound enzyme that is involved in the γ-glutamyl cycle, like metabolism of glutathione (GSH). This enzyme plays an important role in protecting cells from oxidative stress, thus being tested as a key biomarker for several medical conditions, such as liver injury, carcinogenesis, and tumor progression. For measuring GGT activity, a number of bioanalytical methods have emerged, such as chromatography, colorimetric, electrochemical, and luminescence analyses. Among these approaches, probes that can specifically respond to GGT are contributing significantly to measuring its activity in vitro and in vivo. This review thus aims to highlight the recent advances in the development of responsive probes for GGT measurement and their practical applications. Responsive probes for fluorescence analysis, including "off-on", near-infrared (NIR), two-photon, and ratiometric fluorescence response probes, are initially summarized, followed by discussing the advances in the development of other probes, such as bioluminescence, chemiluminescence, photoacoustic, Raman, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and positron emission tomography (PET). The practical applications of the responsive probes in cancer diagnosis and treatment monitoring and GGT inhibitor screening are then highlighted. Based on this information, the advantages, challenges, and prospects of responsive probe technology for GGT measurement are analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Zhang
- Australian Institute for
Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University
of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Zexi Zhang
- Australian Institute for
Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University
of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Miaomiao Wu
- Australian Institute for
Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University
of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Run Zhang
- Australian Institute for
Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University
of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
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5
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Wang K, Chen XY, Zhang B, Yue Y, Wen XL, Yang Y, Yang YS, Zhu HL, Liu HJ, Zhang AG. Near-infrared imaging of hepatocellular carcinoma and its medicinal treatment with a γ-glutamyl transpeptidase-monitoring fluorescence probe. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 241:115721. [PMID: 37788579 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Herein, the Near-infrared imaging of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its medicinal treatment was achieved with a γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT)-monitoring fluorescence probe KYZ-GGT which consisted of the typical recognition group γ-glutamyl and the structurally modified signal reporting group hemicyanine-thioxanthene. Compared with the recently reported probes, KYZ-GGT suggested practical and steady capability for monitoring the GGT level in the cellular, xenograft, induced as well as medicinal treatment HCC models. It realized the mitochondrial targeting intracellular imaging to reflect the GGT dynamics in the induction or medicinal treatment of HCC. In the xenograft and induced model mice with multiple factors, KYZ-GGT showed stable performance for visualizing the HCC status. In the medicinal treatment of the long-period-induced HCC model mice verified by the serum indexes and histopathological analysis, KYZ-GGT successfully imaged the medicinal treatment process of HCC with two marketed drugs (Sorafenib and Lenvatinib) respectively, with an applicative penetration depth. The information here was meaningful for investigating effective medicinal strategies for overcoming HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Affiliated Children's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214023, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xu-Yang Chen
- Affiliated Children's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214023, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China; School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China
| | - Ying Yue
- Affiliated Children's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214023, China
| | - Xiao-Lin Wen
- Affiliated Children's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214023, China
| | - Yang Yang
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Yu-Shun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Hai-Liang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Hong-Ji Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China.
| | - Ai-Guo Zhang
- Affiliated Children's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214023, China.
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6
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Wang S, Liu W, Zheng X, Ren H, Wu J, Li F, Wang P. A ratiometric fluorescent probe for detection of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase in blood serum and living cells. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 278:121325. [PMID: 35567819 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.121325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
γ-Glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) is one of the biomarker of cancer, hepatitis, and numerous other diseases. The accurate analysis of GGT is useful for the early diagnosis of these diseases. In this work, Probe 1, a ratiometric fluorescent probe based on 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoroterephthalonitrile, was designed for GGT detection. The results indicated that Probe 1 can sensitively and selectively detect GGT in phosphate buffered solution and complex biological systems (e.g., blood serum). Furthermore, Probe 1 has been successfully applied for ratiometric imaging of GGT in cancer cells and normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and City U-CAS Joint Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Weimin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and City U-CAS Joint Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China.
| | - Xiuli Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and City U-CAS Joint Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | - Haohui Ren
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and City U-CAS Joint Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | - Jiasheng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and City U-CAS Joint Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | - Fan Li
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and City U-CAS Joint Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and City U-CAS Joint Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China.
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7
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Li H, Kim H, Xu F, Han J, Yao Q, Wang J, Pu K, Peng X, Yoon J. Activity-based NIR fluorescent probes based on the versatile hemicyanine scaffold: design strategy, biomedical applications, and outlook. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:1795-1835. [PMID: 35142301 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00307k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 69.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of a near-infrared (NIR, 650-900 nm) fluorescent chromophore hemicyanine dye with high structural tailorability is of great significance in the field of detection, bioimaging, and medical therapeutic applications. It exhibits many outstanding advantages including absorption and emission in the NIR region, tunable spectral properties, high photostability as well as a large Stokes shift. These properties are superior to those of conventional fluorogens, such as coumarin, fluorescein, naphthalimides, rhodamine, and cyanine. Researchers have made remarkable progress in developing activity-based multifunctional fluorescent probes based on hemicyanine skeletons for monitoring vital biomolecules in living systems through the output of fluorescence/photoacoustic signals, and integration of diagnosis and treatment of diseases using chemotherapy or photothermal/photodynamic therapy or combination therapy. These achievements prompted researchers to develop more smart fluorescent probes using a hemicyanine fluorogen as a template. In this review, we begin by describing the brief history of the discovery of hemicyanine dyes, synthetic approaches, and design strategies for activity-based functional fluorescent probes. Then, many selected hemicyanine-based probes that can detect ions, small biomolecules, overexpressed enzymes and diagnostic reagents for diseases are systematically highlighted. Finally, potential drawbacks and the outlook for future investigation and clinical medicine transformation of hemicyanine-based activatable functional probes are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haidong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China. .,School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Heejeong Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea.
| | - Feng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China. .,The Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Jingjing Han
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea.
| | - Qichao Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Jingyun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China. .,School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Kanyi Pu
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, 637457, Singapore. .,Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore
| | - Xiaojun Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China. .,Research Institute of Dalian University of Technology in Shenzhen, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Juyoung Yoon
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea.
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8
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Lin S, Cheng Z, Li Q, Wang R, Yu F. Toward Sensitive and Reliable Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Imaging: From Rational Design to Biomedical Applications. ACS Sens 2021; 6:3912-3932. [PMID: 34726891 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c01858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Early specific detection through indicative biomarkers and precise visualization of lesion sites are urgent requirements for clinical disease diagnosis. However, current detection and optical imaging methods are insufficient for these demands. Molecular imaging technologies are being intensely studied for reliable medical diagnosis. In the past several decades, molecular imaging with surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has significant advances from analytical chemistry to medical science. SERS is the inelastic scattering generated from the interaction between photons and substances, presenting molecular structure information. The outstanding SERS virtues of high sensitivity, high specificity, and resistance to biointerference are highly advantageous for biomarker detection in a complex biological matrix. In this work, we review recent progress on the applications of SERS imaging in clinical diagnostics. With the assistance of SERS imaging, the detection of disease-related proteins, nucleic acids, small molecules, and pH of the cellular microenvironment can be implemented for adjuvant medical diagnosis. Moreover, multimodal imaging integrates the high penetration and high speed of other imaging modalities and imaging precision of SERS imaging, resulting in final complete and accurate imaging outcomes and exhibiting robust potential in the discrimination of pathological tissues and surgical navigation. As a promising molecular imaging technology, SERS imaging has achieved remarkable performance in clinical diagnostics and the biomedical realm. It is expected that this review will provide insights for further development of SERS imaging and promote the rapid progress and successful translation of advanced molecular imaging with clinical diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Lin
- Key Laboratory of Hainan Trauma and Disaster Rescue, Laboratory of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Hainan Functional Materials and Molecular Imaging, College of Pharmacy, College of Emergency and Trauma, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Ziyi Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Hainan Trauma and Disaster Rescue, Laboratory of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Hainan Functional Materials and Molecular Imaging, College of Pharmacy, College of Emergency and Trauma, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Qifu Li
- Key Laboratory of Hainan Trauma and Disaster Rescue, Laboratory of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Hainan Trauma and Disaster Rescue, Laboratory of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Hainan Functional Materials and Molecular Imaging, College of Pharmacy, College of Emergency and Trauma, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Fabiao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Hainan Trauma and Disaster Rescue, Laboratory of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Hainan Functional Materials and Molecular Imaging, College of Pharmacy, College of Emergency and Trauma, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
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9
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Schie IW, Stiebing C, Popp J. Looking for a perfect match: multimodal combinations of Raman spectroscopy for biomedical applications. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2021; 26:JBO-210137VR. [PMID: 34387049 PMCID: PMC8358667 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.26.8.080601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Raman spectroscopy has shown very promising results in medical diagnostics by providing label-free and highly specific molecular information of pathological tissue ex vivo and in vivo. Nevertheless, the high specificity of Raman spectroscopy comes at a price, i.e., low acquisition rate, no direct access to depth information, and limited sampling areas. However, a similar case regarding advantages and disadvantages can also be made for other highly regarded optical modalities, such as optical coherence tomography, autofluorescence imaging and fluorescence spectroscopy, fluorescence lifetime microscopy, second-harmonic generation, and others. While in these modalities the acquisition speed is significantly higher, they have no or only limited molecular specificity and are only sensitive to a small group of molecules. It can be safely stated that a single modality provides only a limited view on a specific aspect of a biological specimen and cannot assess the entire complexity of a sample. To solve this issue, multimodal optical systems, which combine different optical modalities tailored to a particular need, become more and more common in translational research and will be indispensable diagnostic tools in clinical pathology in the near future. These systems can assess different and partially complementary aspects of a sample and provide a distinct set of independent biomarkers. Here, we want to give an overview on the development of multimodal systems that use RS in combination with other optical modalities to improve the diagnostic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwan W. Schie
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Jena, Germany
- University of Applied Sciences—Jena, Department for Medical Engineering and Biotechnology, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Jürgen Popp
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Jena, Germany
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Jena, Germany
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10
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Gao D, Miao Y, Ye S, Lu C, Lv G, Li K, Yu C, Lin J, Qiu L. A fluorine-18 labeled radiotracer for PET imaging of γ-glutamyltranspeptidase in living subjects. RSC Adv 2021; 11:18738-18747. [PMID: 35478654 PMCID: PMC9033604 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra01324f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The expression level of γ-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) in some malignant tumors is often abnormally high, while its expression is low in normal tissues. Therefore, GGT is considered as a key biomarker for cancer diagnosis. Several GGT-targeting fluorescence probes have been designed and prepared, but their clinical applications are limited due to their shallow tissue penetration. Considering the advantages of positron emission tomography (PET) such as high sensitivity and deep tissue penetration, we designed a novel PET imaging probe for targeted monitoring of the expression of GGT in living subjects, ([18F]γ-Glu-Cys-PPG(CBT)-AmBF3)2, hereinafter referred to as ([18F]GCPA)2. The non-radioactive probe (GCPA)2 was synthesized successfully and [18F]fluorinated rapidly via the isotope exchange method. The radiotracer ([18F]GCPA)2 could be obtained within 0.5 h with the radiochemical purity over 98% and the molar activity of 10.64 ± 0.89 GBq μmol−1. It showed significant difference in cellular uptake between GGT-positive HCT116 cells and GGT-negative L929 cells (2.90 ± 0.12% vs. 1.44 ± 0.15% at 4 h, respectively). In vivo PET imaging showed that ([18F]GCPA)2 could quickly reach the maximum uptake in tumor (4.66 ± 0.79% ID g−1) within 5 min and the tumor-to-muscle uptake ratio was higher than 2.25 ± 0.08 within 30 min. Moreover, the maximum tumor uptake of the control group co-injected with the non-radioactive probe (GCPA)2 or pre-treated with the inhibitor GGsTop decreased to 3.29 ± 0.24% ID g−1 and 2.78 ± 0.32% ID g−1 at 10 min, respectively. In vitro and in vivo results demonstrate that ([18F]GCPA)2 is a potential PET probe for sensitively and specifically detecting the expression level of GGT. A radiotracer ([18F]GCPA)2 for sensitively and specifically detecting the expression level of γ-glutamyltranspeptidase in living subjects was reported.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingyao Gao
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University Wuxi 214122 China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine Wuxi 214063 China
| | - Yinxing Miao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine Wuxi 214063 China
| | - Siqin Ye
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine Wuxi 214063 China
| | - Chunmei Lu
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University Wuxi 214122 China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine Wuxi 214063 China
| | - Gaochao Lv
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine Wuxi 214063 China
| | - Ke Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine Wuxi 214063 China
| | - Chunjing Yu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University Wuxi 214062 China
| | - Jianguo Lin
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine Wuxi 214063 China
| | - Ling Qiu
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University Wuxi 214122 China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine Wuxi 214063 China
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Sun Y, Wang Y, Lu W, Liu C, Ge S, Zhou X, Bi C, Cao X. A novel surface-enhanced Raman scattering probe based on Au nanoboxes for dynamic monitoring of caspase-3 during cervical cancer cell apoptosis. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:381-391. [DOI: 10.1039/d0tb01815e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The highly sensitive and reliable detection, imaging, and monitoring of changes of intracellular caspase-3 are critical for understanding the cell apoptosis and studying the progression of caspase-3-related cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Sun
- Institute of Translational Medicine
- Medical College
- Yangzhou University
- Yangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Youwei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery
- Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University
- Yangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Wenbo Lu
- Shanxi Normal University
- College of Chemistry and Material Science
- Linfen
- P. R. China
| | - Chang Liu
- School of Grain Science and Technology
- Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
- Zhenjiang
- P. R. China
| | - Shengjie Ge
- Institute of Translational Medicine
- Medical College
- Yangzhou University
- Yangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Xinyu Zhou
- Institute of Translational Medicine
- Medical College
- Yangzhou University
- Yangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Caili Bi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-coding RNA Research
- Medical College
- Yangzhou University
- Yangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Xiaowei Cao
- Institute of Translational Medicine
- Medical College
- Yangzhou University
- Yangzhou
- P. R. China
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12
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Yaraki MT, Tan YN. Metal Nanoparticles-Enhanced Biosensors: Synthesis, Design and Applications in Fluorescence Enhancement and Surface-enhanced Raman Scattering. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:3180-3208. [PMID: 32808471 PMCID: PMC7693192 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202000847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Metal nanoparticles (NP) that exhibit localized surface plasmon resonance play an important role in metal-enhanced fluorescence (MEF) and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). Among the optical biosensors, MEF and SERS stand out to be the most sensitive techniques to detect a wide range of analytes from ions, biomolecules to macromolecules and microorganisms. Particularly, anisotropic metal NPs with strongly enhanced electric field at their sharp corners/edges under a wide range of excitation wavelengths are highly suitable for developing the ultrasensitive plasmon-enhanced biosensors. In this review, we first highlight the reliable methods for the synthesis of anisotropic gold NPs and silver NPs in high yield, as well as their alloys and composites with good control of size and shape. It is followed by the discussion of different sensing mechanisms and recent advances in the MEF and SERS biosensor designs. This includes the review of surface functionalization, bioconjugation and (directed/self) assembly methods as well as the selection/screening of specific biorecognition elements such as aptamers or antibodies for the highly selective bio-detection. The right combinations of metal nanoparticles, biorecognition element and assay design will lead to the successful development of MEF and SERS biosensors targeting different analytes both in-vitro and in-vivo. Finally, the prospects and challenges of metal-enhanced biosensors for future nanomedicine in achieving ultrasensitive and fast medical diagnostics, high-throughput drug discovery as well as effective and reliable theranostic treatment are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Tavakkoli Yaraki
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringNational University of Singapore4 Engineering Drive 4Singapore117585Singapore
| | - Yen Nee Tan
- Faculty of Science, Agriculture & EngineeringNewcastle UniversityNewcastle Upon TyneNE1 7RUUnited Kingdom
- Newcastle Research & Innovation Institute (NewRIIS)80 Jurong East Street 21, #05-04 Devan Nair Institute for Employment & EmployabilitySingapore609607Singapore
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Sensitive and selective SERS probe for detecting the activity of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase in serum. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1099:119-125. [PMID: 31986268 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.11.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
γ-Glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) has attracted considerable attention for its regulatory effect on glutathione metabolism in living organisms; further, its close relationship with physiological dysfunctions such as hepatitis and liver cancers has enhanced its applicability. Therefore, the accurate detection of GGT levels is particularly important for the early diagnosis of diseases. Thus, we herein report the development of a surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopic (SERS) probe, namely bis-s,s'-((s)-4,4'-thiolphenylamide-Glu) (b-(s)-TPA-Glu), that comprises of a γ-glutamyl moiety for detection of the GGT activity. In this system, detection was achieved by observing differences in the SERS spectral profiles of the b-(s)-TPA-Glu probe and its corresponding hydrolysis product that resulted from the catalytic action of GGT. This SERS probe system exhibited a high selectivity toward GGT due to a combination of its specific catalytic action and the distinctive spectroscopic fingerprint of the SERS technique. The developed SERS approach was also found to be approximately linear in the range of 0.2-200 U/L, and a limit of detection of 0.09 U/L was determined. Furthermore, the proposed SERS method was suitable for detection of the GGT activity of clinical serum samples and also for evaluation of the inhibitors of GGT. Consequently, this approach is considered to be a promising diagnostic and drug screening tool for GGT-associated diseases.
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