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Goren AY, Gungormus E, Vatanpour V, Yoon Y, Khataee A. Recent Progress on Synthesis and Properties of Black Phosphorus and Phosphorene As New-Age Nanomaterials for Water Decontamination. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 38604807 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c19230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Concerted efforts have been made in recent years to find solutions to water and wastewater treatment challenges and eliminate the difficulties associated with treatment methods. Various techniques are used to ensure the recycling and reuse of water resources. Owing to their excellent chemical, physical, and biological properties, nanomaterials play an important role when integrated into water/wastewater treatment technologies. Black phosphorus (BP) is a potential nanomaterial candidate for water and wastewater treatment, especially its monolayer 2D derivative called phosphorene. Phosphorene offers relative adjustability in its direct bandgap, high charge carrier mobility, and improved in-plane anisotropy compared to the most extensively studied 2D nanomaterials. In this study, we examined the physical and chemical characteristics and synthetic processes of BP and phosphorene. We provide an overview of the latest advancements in the main applications of BP and phosphorene in water/wastewater treatment, which are categorized as photocatalytic, adsorption, and membrane filtration processes. Additionally, we explore the existing difficulties in the integration of BP and phosphorene into water/wastewater treatment technologies and prospects for future research in this field. In summary, this review highlights the ongoing necessity for significant research efforts on the integration of BP and phosphorene in water and wastewater applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Yagmur Goren
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla 35430, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Elif Gungormus
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla 35430, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Vahid Vatanpour
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Kharazmi University, Tehran 15719-14911, Iran
- Environmental Engineering Department & National Research Center on Membrane Technologies (MEM-TEK), Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul 34469, Turkey
| | - Yeojoon Yoon
- Department of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea
| | - Alireza Khataee
- Department of Chemical Engineering & ITU Synthetic Fuels and Chemicals Technology Center (ITU-SENTEK), Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul 34469, Turkey
- Research Laboratory of Advanced Water and Wastewater Treatment Processes, Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 51666-16471, Iran
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Zhang Z, He D, Zhang K, Yang H, Zhao S, Qu J. Recent Advances in Black Phosphorous-Based Photocatalysts for Degradation of Emerging Contaminants. TOXICS 2023; 11:982. [PMID: 38133383 PMCID: PMC10747269 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11120982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The recalcitrant nature of emerging contaminants (ECs) in aquatic environments necessitates the development of effective strategies for their remediation, given the considerable impacts they pose on both human health and the delicate balance of the ecosystem. Semiconductor-based photocatalytic technology is recognized for its dual benefits in effectively addressing both ECs and energy-related challenges simultaneously. Among the plethora of photocatalysts, black phosphorus (BP) stands as a promising nonmetallic candidate, offering a host of advantages including its tunable direct band gap, broad-spectrum light absorption capabilities, and exceptional charge mobility. Nevertheless, pristine BP frequently underperforms, primarily due to issues related to its limited ambient stability and the rapid recombination of photogenerated electron-hole pairs. To overcome these challenges, substantial research efforts have been devoted to the creation of BP-based photocatalysts in recent years. However, there is a noticeable absence of reviews regarding the advancement of BP-based materials for the degradation of ECs in aqueous solutions. Therefore, to fill this gap, a comprehensive review is undertaken. In this review, we first present an in-depth examination of the fabrication processes for bulk BP and BP nanosheets (BPNS). The review conducts a thorough analysis and comparison of the merits and limitations inherent in each method, thereby delineating the most auspicious avenues for future research. Then, in line with the pathways followed by photogenerated electron-hole pairs at the interface, BP-based photocatalysts are systematically categorized into heterojunctions (Type I, Type II, Z-scheme, and S-scheme) and hybrids, and their photocatalytic performances against various ECs and the corresponding degradation mechanisms are comprehensively summarized. Finally, this review presents personal insights into the prospective avenues for advancing the field of BP-based photocatalysts for ECs remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaocheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Geographical Processes and Ecological Security of Changbai Mountains, Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China;
| | - Dongyang He
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China; (K.Z.); (H.Y.); (S.Z.)
| | - Kangning Zhang
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China; (K.Z.); (H.Y.); (S.Z.)
| | - Hao Yang
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China; (K.Z.); (H.Y.); (S.Z.)
| | - Siyu Zhao
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China; (K.Z.); (H.Y.); (S.Z.)
| | - Jiao Qu
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China; (K.Z.); (H.Y.); (S.Z.)
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Electronic Structures and NLO Properties of a Series of TMDs Lateral‐Core–Shell Heterostructures Quantum Dots. ADVANCED THEORY AND SIMULATIONS 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/adts.202200791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Lu Y, Zhou Z, Kan X, Yang Z, Deng H, Liu B, Wang T, Liu F, Liu X, Zhu S, Yu Q, Wu J. Quasi-2D Mn 3Si 2Te 6 Nanosheet for Ultrafast Photonics. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:602. [PMID: 36770563 PMCID: PMC9920741 DOI: 10.3390/nano13030602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The magnetic nanomaterial Mn3Si2Te6 is a promising option for spin-dependent electronic and magneto-optoelectronic devices. However, its application in nonlinear optics remains fanciful. Here, we demonstrate a pulsed Er-doped fiber laser (EDFL) based on a novel quasi-2D Mn3Si2Te6 saturable absorber (SA) with low pump power at 1.5 μm. The high-quality Mn3Si2Te6 crystals were synthesized by the self-flux method, and the ultrathin Mn3Si2Te6 nanoflakes were prepared by a simple mechanical exfoliation procedure. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time laser pulses have been generated using quasi-2D Mn3Si2Te6. A stable pulsed laser at 1562 nm with a low threshold pump power of 60 mW was produced by integrating the Mn3Si2Te6 SA into an EDFL cavity. The maximum power of the output pulse is 783 μW. The repetition rate can vary from 24.16 to 44.44 kHz, with corresponding pulse durations of 5.64 to 3.41 µs. Our results indicate that the quasi-2D Mn3Si2Te6 is a promising material for application in ultrafast photonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lu
- School of Transportation Engineering, Jiangsu Shipping College, Nantong 226010, China
| | - Zheng Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices & Key Laboratory of Nanodevices and Applications, i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xuefen Kan
- School of Transportation Engineering, Jiangsu Shipping College, Nantong 226010, China
| | - Zixin Yang
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Haiqin Deng
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Bin Liu
- College of Science and Key Laboratory for Ferrous Metallurgy, Resources Utilization of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Tongtong Wang
- College of Science and Key Laboratory for Ferrous Metallurgy, Resources Utilization of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Fangqi Liu
- College of Science and Key Laboratory for Ferrous Metallurgy, Resources Utilization of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Xueyu Liu
- School of Transportation Engineering, Jiangsu Shipping College, Nantong 226010, China
| | - Sicong Zhu
- College of Science and Key Laboratory for Ferrous Metallurgy, Resources Utilization of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Qiang Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices & Key Laboratory of Nanodevices and Applications, i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Jian Wu
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
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Han Y, Rong X, Yingang Xue MW, Dai H, Liu Y. Progress in the preparation, application, and recycling of black phosphorus. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 311:137161. [PMID: 36347351 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Black phosphorus nanosheets (BPNSs) are a new member of the nanomaterial family, and they have good development potential in electrochemistry, electronics, optoelectronics, environmental protection, biomedical, and other fields because of their bandgap width, high anisotropy, broad optical absorption, high carrier mobility and many other features. Although many articles have been published about the preparation and application of BPNSs, these aspects have not been elucidated, and we aimed to fill this knowledge gap in this review. First, we used VOSviewer software to sort out articles published in the past 5 years and drew a literature map, which allowed us to sort out the relationship between various studies related to BPNSs, and reflect on the research focus in recent years. Because BPNSs must be made from black phosphorus (BP), and BPNSs are a nano form of BP, the collation of the BP preparation scheme was also helpful for the related research on BPNSs. This paper introduces the preparation of bulk BP and BPNSs, analyzes and compares the advantages and disadvantages of each method, and points out the most promising methods in the future. Then, we propose improvement directions for this method. We also introduce the characterization of BPNSs and combine it with the subsequent photocatalytic application of BPNSs. As a new material, the effect of BPNSs on the environment is still unknown; thus, an end treatment scheme for BPNSs is summarized according to existing methods. Based on the experience of nanomaterial treatment, this paper proposes a research focus for the end treatment of BPNSs in the future, providing a reference scheme for the end treatment of other nanomaterials. Finally, we summarize the full text and propose recommended methods and improvement plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Han
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China.
| | - Xiaolong Rong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China
| | - Mingxin Wang Yingang Xue
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China.
| | - Hao Dai
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China
| | - Yuxuan Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China
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Shu C, Zhou PJ, Jia PZ, Zhang H, Liu Z, Tang W, Sun X. Electrochemical Exfoliation of Two‐Dimensional Phosphorene Sheets and its Energy Application. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200857. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chengyong Shu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Ph.D. Jiangqi Zhou
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Ph.D. Zhanhui Jia
- Center for Advancing Materials Performance from the Nanoscale (CAMP-Nano) State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710049 P. R. China
| | - Hong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Space Power-sources Technology Shanghai Institute of Space Power-Sources Shanghai 200245 P. R. China
| | - Zhongxin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Space Power-sources Technology Shanghai Institute of Space Power-Sources Shanghai 200245 P. R. China
| | - Wei Tang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Xiaofei Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering School of Mechanical Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi An Shi, Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
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Yu Q, Guo K, Dai Y, Deng H, Wang T, Wu H, Xu Y, Shi X, Wu J, Zhang K, Zhou P. Black phosphorus for near-infrared ultrafast lasers in the spatial/temporal domain. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2021; 33:503001. [PMID: 34544055 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac2862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials have attracted extensive interests due to their wide range of electronic and optical properties. After continuous and extensive research, black phosphorus (BP), a novel member of 2D layered semiconductor material, benefit for the unique in-plane anisotropic structure, controllable direct bandgap characteristic, and high charge carrier mobility, has attracted tremendous attention and successfully applied in ultrafast pulse generation. This article, which focuses on near-infrared ultrafast laser demonstration of BP, present discussion of preparation methods for high quality BP nanosheet, various BP based ultrafast lasers in the spatial/temporal domain, and the future research needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Yu
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, People's Republic of China
- I-Lab & Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Guo
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongping Dai
- I-Lab & Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
- Nano Science and Technology Institute, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiqin Deng
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Wang
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanshuo Wu
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Yijun Xu
- I-Lab & Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyao Shi
- Institute of Quantum Sensing of Wuxi, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Wu
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Zhang
- I-Lab & Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Pu Zhou
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, People's Republic of China
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Yun L, Zhao W. PbS Quantum Dots Saturable Absorber for Dual-Wavelength Solitons Generation. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11102561. [PMID: 34685000 PMCID: PMC8539987 DOI: 10.3390/nano11102561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PbS quantum dots (QDs), a representative zero-dimensional material, have attracted great interest due to their unique optical, electronic, and chemical characteristics. Compared to one- and two-dimensional materials, PbS QDs possess strong absorption and an adjustable bandgap, which are particularly fascinating in near-infrared applications. Here, fiber-based PbS QDs as a saturable absorber (SA) are studied for dual-wavelength ultrafast pulses generation for the first time to our knowledge. By introducing PbS QDs SA into an erbium-doped fiber laser, the laser can simultaneously generate dual-wavelength conventional solitons with central wavelengths of 1532 and 1559 nm and 3 dB bandwidths of 2.8 and 2.5 nm, respectively. The results show that PbS QDs as broadband SAs have potential application prospects for the generation of ultrafast lasers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Yun
- Advanced Photonic Technology Lab, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210046, China;
| | - Wei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Transient Optics and Photonics, Xi’an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710119, China
- Correspondence:
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Xu Y, Hu H, Wu H, Xu C, Zhang H, Jin L, Zou Y, Ma X, Yin J. Enhancing Q-Switched Fiber Laser Performance Based on Reverse Saturable and Saturable Absorption Properties of CuCrO 2 Nanoparticle-Polyimide Films. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:21748-21755. [PMID: 33913316 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c02762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate CuCrO2 (CCO) nanoparticle (NP)-polyimide (PI) composite film as a saturable absorber (SA) to regulate the output characteristics of passively Q-switched fiber laser at 1.55 μm. Based on the reverse saturable and saturable absorptions of the CCO NP-PI film, the passively Q-switched fiber laser expressed two stages with the increase of pump power for substantial performance enhancement. Reverse saturation absorption is observed to introduce appropriate cavity loss, which constructs effective pathways for promoting both the modulation depth and over threshold degree, as well as reducing the photon lifetime. In particular, our results realized the pulse duration and repetition rate compressing simultaneously for the first time. The second stage output laser exhibits a peak power of 1016 mW and a single pulse energy of 183 nJ, which are about 88 and 9 times higher than those of the first stage. Furthermore, the optical-optical conversion efficiency is up to 1270%. All of these can evidently demonstrate the importance of the appropriate cavity loss design for optimizing the Q-switched pulse laser output characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingtian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of High Power Semiconductor Lasers, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Hanfei Hu
- State Key Laboratory of High Power Semiconductor Lasers, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Hongda Wu
- State Key Laboratory of High Power Semiconductor Lasers, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Chongyang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of High Power Semiconductor Lasers, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
| | - He Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of High Power Semiconductor Lasers, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Liang Jin
- State Key Laboratory of High Power Semiconductor Lasers, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Yonggang Zou
- State Key Laboratory of High Power Semiconductor Lasers, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Xiaohui Ma
- State Key Laboratory of High Power Semiconductor Lasers, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Jingzhi Yin
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qian-Jin Street, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
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Wan D, Huang H, Wang Z, Liu X, Liao L. Recent advances in long-term stable black phosphorus transistors. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:20089-20099. [PMID: 33006355 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr05204c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional black phosphorus (BP) presents extensive exciting properties attributed to the high mobility and non-dangling bonds uniform surface with simultaneously obtained atomically ultrathin body and offer opportunities beyond the traditional materials. BP has thus emerged as a unique material in the post-silicon era for low-power electronics and photo-electronics. Tremendous efforts have been invested in fully developing the extreme potentiality of BP for future nanoelectronics. However, the accompanying challenges, especially the poor stability that originates from the active surface, in fabricating large-area BP transistors with comparable electrical performance to silicon electronics prevent their practical application. Herein, we review the progress of recent works that demonstrated the feasibility of enhancing the stability of BP electronics, and identify the opportunities and challenges in developing BP as atomically thin semiconductors for next-generation nanoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Wan
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, China
| | - Hao Huang
- School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhongzheng Wang
- School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xingqiang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Micro-/Nano-Optoelectronic Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.
| | - Lei Liao
- School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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Liu S, Lv R, Wang Y, Wang J, Wang Y, Wang H. Passively Mode-Locked Fiber Laser with WS 2/SiO 2 Saturable Absorber Fabricated by Sol-Gel Technique. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:29625-29630. [PMID: 32558539 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c05318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
High-performance ultrafast fiber lasers require saturable absorbers (SAs) of high optical damage threshold and high operation stability. Here, the optical properties and application of the WS2/SiO2 SA prepared by the sol-gel method are reported. SiO2 prepared by sol-gel technique has similar properties to fiber in ultrafast fiber lasers, such as mechanical strength, refractive index, optical transmission, and absorption. For the SA device by the sol-gel method combined with WS2 material, not only will the additional scattering loss not be introduced, but also, the damage threshold of the SA device can be effectively increased. Furthermore, SA material is wrapped by SiO2, which insulates the influence of the external environment. Based on the first preparation of the WS2/SiO2 glass SA, stable soliton pulses are obtained in ytterbium-doped fiber lasers (YDFLs) with a pulse width of 58 ps, an average output power of 56.8 mW, and a repetition rate of 19.03 MHz. In addition, a stable mode-locked operation with a pulse width of 325 fs and an output power of 39.6 mW is also achieved in an erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL). These results demonstrate that the WS2/SiO2 glass prepared by the sol-gel method can significantly increase laser output power and shorten pulse width in the fiber laser, which provides a new opportunity for the traditional preparation method of the SA device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sicong Liu
- School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Ruidong Lv
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Yonggang Wang
- School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Jiang Wang
- School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Yun Wang
- School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Huizhong Wang
- School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
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