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Pino-Rios R, Báez-Grez R, Szczepanik DW, Solá M. Designing potentially singlet fission materials with an anti-Kasha behaviour. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:15386-15392. [PMID: 38747026 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp01284d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Singlet fission (SF) compounds offer a promising avenue for improving the performance of solar cells. Using TD-DFT methods, anti-Kasha azulene derivatives that could carry out SF have been designed. For this purpose, substituted azulenes with a donor (-OH) and/or an acceptor group (-CN) have been systematically studied using the S2 ≥ 2T1 formula. We have found that -CN (-OH) substituents on electrophilic (nucleophilic) carbons result in improved SF properties when compared to azulene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Pino-Rios
- Centro de Investigación Medicina de Altura - CEIMA, Universidad Arturo Prat. Casilla 121, Iquique 1100000, Chile.
- Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Casilla 121, Iquique 1100000, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Báez-Grez
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Arturo Prat, Casilla 121, Iquique 1100000, Chile
| | - Dariusz W Szczepanik
- K. Guminski Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Poland
| | - Miquel Solá
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, C/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain.
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Parambil SRV, Rahimi FA, Ghosh R, Nath S, Maji TK. Pore-Confined π-Chromophoric Tetracene as a Visible Light Harvester toward MOF-Based Photocatalytic CO 2 Reduction in Water. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:19312-19322. [PMID: 37963226 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Integrating photoactive π-chromophoric guest molecules inside the MOF nanopore can result in the emergence of light-responsive features, which in turn can be utilized for developing photoactive materials with inherent properties of MOF. Herein, we report the confining of π-chromophoric tetracene (TET) molecules inside the nanospace of postmodified Zr-MOF-808 (Zr-MOF) with MBA molecules (MBA = 2-(5'-methyl-[2,2'-bipyridine]-5-yl)acetic acid) for effectively utilizing its light-harvesting properties toward photocatalytic CO2 reduction. The confinement of the TET molecules as a photosensitizer and the covalent grafting of a catalytically active [Re(MBA)(CO)3Cl] complex, postsynthetically, result in a single integrated catalytic system named Zr-MBA-TET-Re-MOF. Photoreduction of CO2 over Zr-MBA-TET-Re-MOF showed the evolution of 805 μmol g-1 CO with 99.9% selectivity after 10 h of continuous visible light irradiation in water without any additional sacrificial electron donor and having the apparent quantum efficiency of 1.3%. In addition, the catalyst demonstrated an appreciable activity even under direct sunlight irradiation in aqueous medium with a maximum production of 362.7 μmol g-1 CO, thereby mimicking artificial photosynthesis. Moreover, electron transfer from TET to the catalytic center was supported by the formation of photoinduced TET radical cation, as inferred from in situ UV-vis spectra, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analysis, and transient absorption (TA) studies. Additionally, the in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform (DRIFT) measurements support that the photoreduction of CO2 to CO proceeds via *COOH intermediate formation. The close proximity of the light-harvesting molecule and catalytic center facilitated facile electron transfer from the photosensitizer to the catalyst during the CO2 reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Raj V Parambil
- Molecular Materials Laboratory, Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit, School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur Post, Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Faruk Ahamed Rahimi
- Molecular Materials Laboratory, Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit, School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur Post, Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Rajib Ghosh
- Radiation and Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Center, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Sukhendu Nath
- Radiation and Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Center, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Tapas Kumar Maji
- Molecular Materials Laboratory, Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit, School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur Post, Bangalore 560064, India
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Upconversion nanomaterials and delivery systems for smart photonic medicines and healthcare devices. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 188:114419. [PMID: 35810884 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In the past decade, upconversion (UC) nanomaterials have been extensively investigated for the applications to photomedicines with their unique features including biocompatibility, near-infrared (NIR) to visible conversion, photostability, controllable emission bands, and facile multi-functionality. These characteristics of UC nanomaterials enable versatile light delivery for deep tissue biophotonic applications. Among various stimuli-responsive delivery systems, the light-responsive delivery process has been greatly advantageous to develop spatiotemporally controllable on-demand "smart" photonic medicines. UC nanomaterials are classified largely to two groups depending on the photon UC pathway and compositions: inorganic lanthanide-doped UC nanoparticles and organic triplet-triplet annihilation UC (TTA-UC) nanomaterials. Here, we review the current-state-of-art inorganic and organic UC nanomaterials for photo-medicinal applications including photothermal therapy (PTT), photodynamic therapy (PDT), photo-triggered chemo and gene therapy, multimodal immunotherapy, NIR mediated neuromodulations, and photochemical tissue bonding (PTB). We also discuss the future research direction of this field and the challenges for further clinical development.
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Ang MJY, Chan SY, Goh YY, Luo Z, Lau JW, Liu X. Emerging strategies in developing multifunctional nanomaterials for cancer nanotheranostics. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 178:113907. [PMID: 34371084 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cancer involves a collection of diseases with a common trait - dysregulation in cell proliferation. At present, traditional therapeutic strategies against cancer have limitations in tackling various tumors in clinical settings. These include chemotherapeutic resistance and the inability to overcome intrinsic physiological barriers to drug delivery. Nanomaterials have presented promising strategies for tumor treatment in recent years. Nanotheranostics combine therapeutic and bioimaging functionalities at the single nanoparticle level and have experienced tremendous growth over the past few years. This review highlights recent developments of advanced nanomaterials and nanotheranostics in three main directions: stimulus-responsive nanomaterials, nanocarriers targeting the tumor microenvironment, and emerging nanomaterials that integrate with phototherapies and immunotherapies. We also discuss the cytotoxicity and outlook of next-generation nanomaterials towards clinical implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melgious Jin Yan Ang
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore; NUS Graduate School (ISEP), National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Siew Yin Chan
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Yi-Yiing Goh
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore; NUS Graduate School (ISEP), National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Zichao Luo
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Jun Wei Lau
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Xiaogang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore; NUS Graduate School (ISEP), National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore.
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Ahmad W, Wang J, Li H, Ouyang Q, Wu W, Chen Q. Strategies for combining triplet–triplet annihilation upconversion sensitizers and acceptors in a host matrix. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.213944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Yang CC, Zheng XL, Tian WQ, Li WQ, Yang L. Tuning the edge states in X-type carbon based molecules for applications in nonlinear optics. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 24:7713-7722. [PMID: 34909807 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp00383f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Novel carbon based "X-type" graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) with azulenes were designed for applications in nonlinear optics in the present work, and the second order nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of those X-type GNRs were predicted using the sum-over-states (SOS) model. The GNRs with edge states are feasibly polarized. The effects of zigzag edges on the NLO properties of GNRs are scrutinized by passivation, and the electronic structures of GNRs are modulated with heteroatoms at the zigzag edges for improved stability and NLO properties. Those nanomaterials were further functionalized with electron-donating and electron-withdrawing groups (NH2/NO2) to enhance the NLO responses, and the connection of those functional groups at the azulene ends play a determinant role in the enhancement of the NLO properties of those X-type nanoribbons, e.g., the static first hyperpolarizability (〈β0〉) changes from -783.23 × 10-30 esu to -1421.98 × 10-30 esu. The mechanism of such an enhancement has been investigated. Through two-dimensional second order NLO spectra simulations, particularly besides the strong electro-optical Pockels effect and optical rectification responses, strong electronic sum frequency generations and difference frequency generations are observed in those GNRs. The strong second order NLO responses of those GNRs in the visible light region bring about potential applications of these carbon nanomaterials in nonlinear nanophotonic devices and biological nonlinear optics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui-Cui Yang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Huxi Campus, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China.
| | - Xue-Lian Zheng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Huxi Campus, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China.
| | - Wei Quan Tian
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Huxi Campus, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China.
| | - Wei-Qi Li
- School of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, P. R. China
| | - Ling Yang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, Institute of Theoretical and Simulational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China.
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Han W, Du Y, Song M, Sun K, Xu B, Yan F, Tian W. Fluorescent nanorods based on 9,10-distyrylanthracene (DSA) derivatives for efficient and long-term bioimaging. J Mater Chem B 2021; 8:9544-9554. [PMID: 33000780 DOI: 10.1039/c9tb02883h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescent nanoparticles based on 9,10-distyrylanthracene (DSA) derivatives (4,4'-((1E,1'E)-anthracene-9,10-diylbis(ethene-2,1-diyl))bis(N,N-dimethylaniline) (NDSA) and 4,4'-((1E,1'E)-anthracene-9,10-diylbis(ethene-2,1-diyl))dibenzonitrile (CNDSA)) were prepared using an ultrasound aided nanoprecipitation method. The morphologies of the fluorescent nanoparticles could be controlled by adjusting the external ultrasonication time. NDSA or CNDSA could form spherical nanodots (NDSA NDs, CNDSA NDs) in a THF-H2O mixture with an 80% or 70% water fraction when the ultrasonication time was 30 s. When the ultrasonication time was prolonged to 10 min, NDSA and CNDSA could assemble into nanorods (NDSA NRs, CNDSA NRs). Meanwhile, the sizes of NDSA NRs and CNDSA NRs could be controlled by adjusting the water content in the mixture. As the water fraction was increased from 60% to 80%, the sizes of NDSA and CNDSA nanorods or nanodots reduced from 238.4 nm to 140.3 nm, and 482 nm to 198.4 nm, respectively. When the water fraction was up to 90%, irregular morphologies of NDSA and CNDSA could be observed. The nanoparticles exhibited intense fluorescence emission, good anti-photobleaching properties, as well as excellent stability and biocompatibility. In vitro cell imaging experiments indicated that the nanorods prepared by this simple method had the potential to be used for efficient and noninvasive long-term bioimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenkun Han
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
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Xu Z, Huang Z, Li C, Huang T, Evangelista FA, Tang ML, Lian T. Tuning the Quantum Dot (QD)/Mediator Interface for Optimal Efficiency of QD-Sensitized Near-Infrared-to-Visible Photon Upconversion Systems. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:36558-36567. [PMID: 32677433 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c10269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Lead sulfide (PbS) quantum dots (QDs) have shown promising performance as a sensitizer in infrared-to-visible photon upconversion systems. To investigate the key design rules, we compare three PbS-sensitized upconversion systems using three mediator molecules with the same tetracene triplet acceptor at different distances from the QD. Using transient absorption spectroscopy, we directly measure the triplet energy-transfer rates and efficiencies from the QD to the mediator and from the mediator to the emitter. With increasing distance between the mediator and PbS QD, the efficiency of the first triplet energy transfer from the QD to the mediator decreases because of a decrease in the rate of this triplet energy-transfer step, while the efficiency of the second triplet energy transfer from the mediator to the emitter increases because of a reduction in the QD-induced mediator triplet state decay. The latter effect is a result of the slow rate constant of the second triplet energy-transfer process, which is 3 orders of magnitude slower than the diffusion-limited value. The combined results lead to a net decrease of the steady-state upconversion quantum yield with distance, which could be predicted by our kinetic model. Our result shows that the QD/mediator interface affects both the first and second triplet energy transfer processes in the photon upconversion system, and the QD/mediator distance has an opposite effect on the efficiencies of the first and second triplet energy transfer. These findings provide important insight for the further rational improvement of the overall efficiency of QD-based upconversion systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihao Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Zhiyuan Huang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Chenyang Li
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Tingting Huang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | | | - Ming L Tang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Tianquan Lian
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
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Li Y, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, He Y, Liu Y, Ju H. Activatable Photodynamic Therapy with Therapeutic Effect Prediction Based on a Self-correction Upconversion Nanoprobe. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:19313-19323. [PMID: 32275130 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c03432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Though emerging as a promising therapeutic approach for cancers, the crucial challenge for photodynamic therapy (PDT) is activatable phototoxicity for selective cancer cell destruction with low "off-target" damage and simultaneous therapeutic effect prediction. Here, we design an upconversion nanoprobe for intracellular cathepsin B (CaB)-responsive PDT with in situ self-corrected therapeutic effect prediction. The upconversion nanoprobe is composed of multishelled upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) NaYF4:Gd@NaYF4:Er,Yb@NaYF4:Nd,Yb, which covalently modified with an antenna molecule 800CW for UCNPs luminance enhancement under NIR irradiation, photosensitizer Rose Bengal (RB) for PDT, Cy3 for therapeutic effect prediction, and CaB substrate peptide labeled with a QSY7 quencher. The energy of UCNPs emission at 540 nm is transferred to Cy3/RB and eventually quenched by QSY7 via two continuous luminance resonance energy transfer processes from interior UCNPs to its surface-extended QSY7. The intracellular CaB specifically cleaves peptide to release QSY7, which correspondingly activates RB with reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation for PDT and recovers Cy3 luminance for CaB imaging. UCNPs emission at 540 nm remains unchanged during the peptide cleavage process, which is served as an internal standard for Cy3 luminance correction, and the fluorescence intensity ratio of Cy3 over UCNPs (FI583/FI540) is measured for self-corrected therapeutic effect prediction. The proposed self-corrected upconversion nanoprobe implies significant potential in precise tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Xiaobo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Yue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Yue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Yuling He
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Ying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
- Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Huangxian Ju
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
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