1
|
Song K, Bi X, Yu C, Pan YT, Vahabi H, Realinho V, He J, Yang R. A Gas-Steamed Route to Mesoporous Open Metal-Organic Framework Cages Enhancing Flame Retardancy and Smoke Suppression of Polyurea. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:7617-7630. [PMID: 38315971 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c17625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Up to now, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with open nanostructures have shown outstanding capabilities in trapping smoke particles compared to the original MOFs. However, only a few MOF-based strategies have been reported to synthesize hierarchical porous cages thus far, which are mainly restricted to environmentally unfriendly wet-chemical liquid methods. Herein, as a proof-of-concept, a gas-steamed metal-organic framework approach was designed to fabricate a series of cheeselike open cages with hierarchical porosity. Briefly, zeolitic imidazolate framework-67 (ZIF-67) and phytic acid were employed as precursor and etchant, respectively. Abandoning the conventional wet-chemical method, the coordination bond of ZIF-67 was cleaved by acidic steam, forming an open framework with a high specific surface area and a hierarchical porous structure. The universality of this method was also confirmed by the selection of different etchants. Impressively, they also show outstanding fume-toxic adsorption capability and labyrinth effects based on abundant and complex porous channels. At only 5 wt % loading, Co3O4@open ZIF-67 cage-2 (Co3O4@OZC-2) imparted polyurea (PUA) composites with a 21.2% limiting oxygen index, and the peak of heat release rate, total heat release, and total smoke production were reduced by around 37.5, 25.5, and 40.4%, respectively, compared to neat PUA. This work will shed light on the advanced structural design of polymer composites with high fire safety, especially smoke suppression performance, so as to obtain more feasible applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kunpeng Song
- National Engineering Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Xue Bi
- National Engineering Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Chuang Yu
- National Engineering Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Ye-Tang Pan
- National Engineering Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Henri Vahabi
- CentraleSupélec, LMOPS, Université de Lorraine, F-57000 Metz, France
| | - Vera Realinho
- Poly2 Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Industrial, Aerospace and Audiovisual Engineering of Terrassa, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC BarcelonaTech), C/de Colom, 11, 08222 Terrassa, Spain
| | - Jiyu He
- National Engineering Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Rongjie Yang
- National Engineering Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hou B, Song X, Song K, Geng Z, Pan YT, Song P, Yang R. Synchronous preparation and modification of LDH hollow polyhedra by polydopamine: Synthesis and application. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 654:235-245. [PMID: 37839240 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Layered double hydroxides (LDH) have irreplaceable advantages in the field of polymer flame retardancy, but their thermal stability and compatibility with matrix still need to be improved. In this paper, the bottom-up method is adopted, and the phosphorus series flame retardant triphenyl phosphate (TPP) was first encapsulated inside ZIF-67. On this basis, ZIF-67 was etched to produce LDH while modified by polydopamine (PDA) concomitantly. An organic coated polydopamine hollow cage lamellar LDH microstructure loaded with TPP was constructed, and its structure-performance relationship was verified. When 2 wt% TPP@LDH@Co-PDA was added to the epoxy resin, the LOI value of the composite was increased to 29.4 %, the peak heat release was reduced by 43.1 %, and the smoke release was significantly reduced. The unique microstructure endows epoxy composites with good flame retardancy, improves mechanical properties, and provides a new solution to the migration problem of phosphorous based flame retardants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boyou Hou
- National Engineering Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Xiaoning Song
- National Engineering Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Kunpeng Song
- National Engineering Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Zhishuai Geng
- National Engineering Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Ye-Tang Pan
- National Engineering Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China.
| | - Pingan Song
- Centre for Future Materials, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba 4350, Australia
| | - Rongjie Yang
- National Engineering Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Shi C, Wan M, Qian X, Jing J, Zhou K. Zinc Hydroxystannate/Carbon Nanotube Hybrids as Flame Retardant and Smoke Suppressant for Epoxy Resins. Molecules 2023; 28:6820. [PMID: 37836664 PMCID: PMC10574770 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28196820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Novel hybrid flame retardants containing zinc hydroxystannate and carbon nanotubes (ZHS-CNTs) were synthesized using the coprecipitation method, and the structure and morphology of ZHS-CNTs were investigate using an X-ray powder diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA). Then, the ZHS, CNTs and ZHS-CNTs were incorporated into EP, respectively, and the flame-retardant and smoke inhibition performance of the composites were compared and studied. Among the three composites, the EP/ZHS-CNT composites have the highest improvements on the fire resistance and smoke inhibition properties. With only 2.0 wt.% ZHS-CNT hybrids, the pHRR of EP/ZHS-CNT composite materials is reduced by 34.2% compared with EP. Moreover, the release of toxic gases including CO, CO2 and SPR from the composites was also effectively inhibited. The mechanisms of flame retardant and smoke inhibition were investigated and the improved properties were generally ascribed to the synergistic flame-retardant effects between ZHS and CNTs, the catalyzing effect of ZHS and the stable network structure of CNTs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Congling Shi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Metro Fire and Passenger Transportation Safety, China Academy of Safety Science and Technology, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Mei Wan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Metro Fire and Passenger Transportation Safety, China Academy of Safety Science and Technology, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Xiaodong Qian
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Metro Fire and Passenger Transportation Safety, China Academy of Safety Science and Technology, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Jingyun Jing
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Metro Fire and Passenger Transportation Safety, China Academy of Safety Science and Technology, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Keqing Zhou
- Faculty of Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Song K, Zhang H, Pan YT, Ur Rehman Z, He J, Wang DY, Yang R. Metal-organic framework-derived bird's nest-like capsules for phosphorous small molecules towards flame retardant polyurea composites. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 643:489-501. [PMID: 37088052 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.04.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
The loading treatment of phosphorus flame retardants can mitigate their migration and plasticization effect. However, designing suitable carriers has remained a great challenge. Herein, two kinds of Co-based isomers, namely cobalt-cobalt layered double hydroxides (CoCo-LDH) and cobalt basic carbonate (CBC), were synthesized by employing ZIF-67 as a self-template, assemblied into two different nanostructures namely multi-yolk@shell CBC@CoCo-LDH (m-CBC@LDH) and solid CBC nanoparticles by facilely tuning the reaction time, which were employed as carriers, respectively. Subsequently, triphenyl phosphate (TPP)-loaded m-CBC@LDH (m-CBC-P@LDH) was prepared using TPP as the guest. The m-CBC@LDH with high specific surface area and hollow structure exhibited up to more than 30% of TPP loading. The peak of heat release rate and total heat release of polyurea composite blended with 5 wt% m-CBC-P@LDH reduced by 41.7% and 20.6% respectively, and the mechanical properties were less damaged. This work complements a feasible approach for preparation of metal-organic frameworks-derived flame retardant carriers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kunpeng Song
- National Engineering Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Henglai Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Ye-Tang Pan
- National Engineering Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China.
| | - Zeeshan Ur Rehman
- College of Mechatronic Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwon, Gyeongsangnam-do 51140, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyu He
- National Engineering Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China.
| | - De-Yi Wang
- IMDEA Materials Institute, C/Eric Kandel, 2, 28906 Getafe, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rongjie Yang
- National Engineering Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
The influence on flame retardant epoxy composites by a bird's nest-like structure of Co-based isomers evolved from zeolitic imidazolate framework-67. Polym Degrad Stab 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2023.110318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
|
6
|
Chen Y, Zeng Y, Wu Y, Chen T, Qiu R, Liu W. Flame-Retardant and Recyclable Soybean Oil-Based Thermosets Enabled by the Dynamic Phosphate Ester and Tannic Acid. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:5963-5973. [PMID: 36650640 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c21279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The demands of safety and sustainability have driven the development of intrinsic flame-retardant biobased polymers from renewable materials. Herein, a mechanically robust, good flame-retardant, and recyclable thermoset was developed from renewable epoxidized soybean oil (ESO) by using 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate phosphate (HEMAP) as the reactive flame retardant and tannic acid (TA) as the charring agent. The flame resistance of the obtained ESO-based thermoset achieved the highest UL-94 of V-0 rating and a limited oxygen index value of 26.7% due to the synergistic flame-retardant effect of phosphate and TA. The flame-retardant mechanisms of the gaseous phase and condensed phase were fully investigated by thermogravimetric infrared, scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive spectrometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Raman spectra. It is confirmed that the incorporation of phosphate and TA could effectively promote the formation of dense carbon layers and delay the pyrolysis of long aliphatic chains. The ternary crosslinking of ESO, HEMAP, and TA via free-radical polymerization and epoxy-ring opening reaction resulted in a rigid network with a high crosslink density, bestowing the thermoset with superior tensile strength (20.0 MPa), flexural strength (36.3 MPa), and bonding strength (16.7 MPa on steel). Moreover, the ESO-based thermoset exhibited a fast stress relaxation behavior due to the transesterification of dynamic β-hydroxyl phosphate esters, which enables the network with thermal-healing ability and recyclability. This study explores a feasible method to prepare an intrinsic flame-retardant polymer from commercially available and renewable vegetable oils and natural polyphenols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yizhen Chen
- College of Transportation and Civil Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou350108, P. R. China
| | - Yong Zeng
- College of Transportation and Civil Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou350108, P. R. China
| | - Yuchao Wu
- College of Transportation and Civil Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou350108, P. R. China
| | - Tingting Chen
- College of Transportation and Civil Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou350108, P. R. China
| | - Renhui Qiu
- College of Transportation and Civil Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou350108, P. R. China
| | - Wendi Liu
- College of Transportation and Civil Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou350108, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Guo F, Zhang Y, Li L. Zinc hydroxystannate dripped on magnesium hydroxide flower for enhancing smoke suppression and toxicity reduction properties of epoxy resin. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes Chinese Academy of Sciences Xining Qinghai China
- Qinghai Engineering and Technology Research Center of Comprehensive Utilization of Salt Lake Resources Xining Qinghai China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Yuze Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes Chinese Academy of Sciences Xining Qinghai China
- Qinghai Engineering and Technology Research Center of Comprehensive Utilization of Salt Lake Resources Xining Qinghai China
| | - Lijuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes Chinese Academy of Sciences Xining Qinghai China
- Qinghai Engineering and Technology Research Center of Comprehensive Utilization of Salt Lake Resources Xining Qinghai China
- Innovation Academy for Green Manufacture Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Composites Filled with Metal Organic Frameworks and Their Derivatives: Recent Developments in Flame Retardants. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14235279. [PMID: 36501673 PMCID: PMC9740387 DOI: 10.3390/polym14235279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymer matrix is vulnerable to fire hazards and needs to add flame retardants to enhance its performance and make its application scenarios more extensive. At this stage, it is more necessary to add multiple flame-retardant elements and build a multi-component synergistic system. Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) have been studied for nearly three decades since their introduction. MOFs are known for their structural advantages but have only been applied to flame-retardant polymers for a relatively short period of time. In this paper, we review the development of MOFs utilized as flame retardants and analyze the flame-retardant mechanisms in the gas phase and condensed phase from the original MOF materials, modified MOF composites, and MOF-derived composites as flame retardants, respectively. The effects of carbon-based materials, phosphorus-based materials, nitrogen-based materials, and biomass on the flame-retardant properties of polymers are discussed in the context of MOFs. The construction of MOF multi-structured flame retardants is also introduced, and a variety of MOF-based flame retardants with different morphologies are shown to broaden the ideas for subsequent research.
Collapse
|
9
|
Hou B, Zhang W, Lu H, Song K, Geng Z, Ye X, Pan YT, Zhang W, Yang R. Multielement Flame-Retardant System Constructed with Metal POSS-Organic Frameworks for Epoxy Resin. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:49326-49337. [PMID: 36270017 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c14740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The direct coordination between polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) and Co forms an assembly of nanoparticles with low specific surface area and leads to a poor dispersion state in the epoxy resin matrix, resulting in unsatisfactory flame-retardant efficiency. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), for instance, ZIF-67, provide not only the cobalt element but also the porous framework that endows the nanocomposite of MOFs and POSS with high specific surface area and abundant Co sites in the silica skeleton. Herein, ZIF-67 is hybridized with octacarboxyl POSS, resulting in the removal of the alkaline ligand to form novel metal POSS-organic frameworks (MPOFs). The size differences for organic groups and silica nanocages of POSS vs. micropores of ZIF-67 gave rise to a reverse click reaction, reforming octavinyl POSS isolated on the outer surface of the Co complex, which could be further modified by a phosphorous flame retardant using an addition reaction. The obtained MPOFs-P with 2 wt % loading in epoxy resin could improve the limiting oxygen index value of the composites to 27.0% and pass the V-0 rating in the UL-94 test. Meanwhile, the peaks of the heat release rate and especially the total smoke production were reduced by 46.6 and 25.2%, respectively. The robust char layer reduces the emission of toxic gas CO by 39.8%. The above epoxy product with promising flame retardancy also improved mechanical properties, thanks to the filler with a unique nanostructure. The ingenious work offers enlightenment for the hybridization method of MOFs and POSS to fabricate a multielement flame-retardant system for epoxy resin with high efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boyou Hou
- National Engineering Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Wenyuan Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Hongyu Lu
- National Engineering Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Kunpeng Song
- National Engineering Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Zhishuai Geng
- National Engineering Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Xinming Ye
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, Shanxi, P. R. China
| | - Ye-Tang Pan
- National Engineering Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Wenchao Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Rongjie Yang
- National Engineering Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang W, Lei L, Bao Q, Liu Y, Wang Q. Synthesis of a triazine charring agent containing hydroxyl and triazine ring and its flame retardant application in thermoplastic polyolefin. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.52920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Li Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Qiuru Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Yuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University Chengdu China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ma S, Dong Y, He J, Yang R. High mechanical strength and low ablation rate of phenolic resin composites incorporated with polyhedral oligomeric
silsesquioxane‐modified
graphene oxide. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.52856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shiye Ma
- National Engineering Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing People's Republic of China
| | - Yubing Dong
- National Engineering Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing People's Republic of China
| | - Jiyu He
- National Engineering Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing People's Republic of China
| | - Rongjie Yang
- National Engineering Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wang H, Li X, Su F, Xie J, Xin Y, Zhang W, Liu C, Yao D, Zheng Y. Core-Shell ZIF67@ZIF8 Modified with Phytic Acid as an Effective Flame Retardant for Improving the Fire Safety of Epoxy Resins. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:21664-21674. [PMID: 35785329 PMCID: PMC9245132 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c01545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Despite many important industrial applications, epoxy resin (EP) suffers from high flammability and toxicity emission, extremely hampering their applications. To circumvent the problem, core-shell structured ZIF67@ZIF8 is successfully synthesized and further functionalized with phytic acid (PA) to obtain PA-ZIF67@ZIF8 hybrids. Then, it is used as an efficient flame retardant to reduce the fire risk of EP. The fire test results show a significant reduction in heat and smoke production. Compared with EP, incorporating 5.0 wt % PA-ZIF67@ZIF8 into EP, the peak heat release rate, total heat release, and peak carbon monoxide production are dramatically reduced by 42.2, 33.0, and 41.5%, respectively. Moreover, the EP/PA-ZIF67@ZIF8 composites achieve the UL-94 V-0 rating and the limiting oxygen index increases by 29.3%. These superior fire safety properties are mainly attributed to the excellent dispersion and the catalytic effect of metal oxide and phosphorus-containing compounds. This work provides an efficient strategy for preparing a promising ZIF-based flame retardant for enhancing flame retardancy and smoke toxicity suppression of EP.
Collapse
|
13
|
Synthesis of sugar gourd-like metal organic framework-derived hollow nanocages nickel molybdate@cobalt-nickel layered double hydroxide for flame retardant polyurea. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 616:234-245. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.01.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
14
|
Pan WH, Yang WJ, Wei CX, Hao LY, Lu HD, Yang W. Recent Advances in Zinc Hydroxystannate-Based Flame Retardant Polymer Blends. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:2175. [PMID: 35683847 PMCID: PMC9183061 DOI: 10.3390/polym14112175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
During the combustion of polymeric materials, plenty of heat, smoke, and toxic gases are produced that may cause serious harm to human health. Although the flame retardants such as halogen- and phosphorus-containing compounds can inhibit combustion, they cannot effectively reduce the release of toxic fumes. Zinc hydroxystannate (ZHS, ZnSn(OH)6) is an environmentally friendly flame retardant that has attracted extensive interest because of its high efficiency, safety, and smoke suppression properties. However, using ZHS itself may not contribute to the optimal flame retardant effect, which is commonly combined with other flame retardants to achieve more significant efficiency. Few articles systematically review the recent development of ZHS in the fire safety field. This review aims to deliver an insight towards further direction and advancement of ZHS in flame retardant and smoke suppression for multiple polymer blends. In addition, the fire retarded and smoke suppression mechanism of ZHS will be demonstrated and discussed in depth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hao Pan
- School of Energy, Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University, Hefei 230601, China; (W.-H.P.); (C.-X.W.); (H.-D.L.)
| | - Wen-Jie Yang
- Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 88 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Chun-Xiang Wei
- School of Energy, Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University, Hefei 230601, China; (W.-H.P.); (C.-X.W.); (H.-D.L.)
| | - Ling-Yun Hao
- School of Materials Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing 211169, China;
| | - Hong-Dian Lu
- School of Energy, Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University, Hefei 230601, China; (W.-H.P.); (C.-X.W.); (H.-D.L.)
| | - Wei Yang
- School of Energy, Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University, Hefei 230601, China; (W.-H.P.); (C.-X.W.); (H.-D.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wang H, He Z, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Li X, Wang D, Su F, Yao D, Zheng Y. Phosphorus/nitrogen compound and zinc hydroxystannate‐modified graphene oxide for efficient flame retardancy and smoke suppression of epoxy resin. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.52616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongni Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongjie He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an People's Republic of China
| | - Yudeng Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an People's Republic of China
| | - Zhilin Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqian Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an People's Republic of China
| | - Dechao Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an People's Republic of China
| | - Fangfang Su
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an People's Republic of China
| | - Dongdong Yao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an People's Republic of China
| | - Yaping Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhang W, Huang J, Guo X, Zhang W, Qian L, Qin Z. Double organic groups‐containing polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane filled epoxy with enhanced fire safety. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.52461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenyuan Zhang
- National Engineering Technology Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing China
| | - Jianfeng Huang
- National Engineering Technology Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing China
| | - Xiaoyan Guo
- National Engineering Technology Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing China
| | - Wenchao Zhang
- National Engineering Technology Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing China
| | - Lijun Qian
- Engineering Laboratory of Non‐halogen Flame Retardants for Polymers Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing China
| | - Zhaolu Qin
- National Engineering Technology Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Hou B, Song K, Ur Rehman Z, Song T, Lin T, Zhang W, Pan YT, Yang R. Precise Control of a Yolk-Double Shell Metal-Organic Framework-Based Nanostructure Provides Enhanced Fire Safety for Epoxy Nanocomposites. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:14805-14816. [PMID: 35290025 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c01334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nanomaterials derived from metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are highly promising as future flame retardants for polymeric materials. The precise control of the interface for polymer nanocomposites is taking scientific research by storm, whereas such investigations for MOF-based nanofillers are rare. Herein, a novel yolk-double shell nanostructure (ZIF-67@layered double hydroxides@polyphophazenes, ZIF@LDH@PZS) was subtly designed and introduced into epoxy resin (EP) as a flame retardant to fill the vacancy of yolk/shell construction in the field. Meanwhile, the interface of the polymer nanocomposites can be further accurately tailored by the outermost layer of the nanofillers from PZS to Ni(OH)2 (NH), by which hollow nanocages with treble shells (LDH@PZS@NH) were obtained. It is remarkably interesting that LDH@PZS@NH endows the EP with the lowest peak of heat release rate in the cone calorimeter test, but the total heat and smoke releases (THR and TSP) of the nanocomposites are even higher than those of the neat polymer. In contrast, EP blended with ZIF@LDH@PZS shows outstanding comprehensive performance: with 2 wt.%, the limiting oxygen index is increased to 29.5%, and the peak heat release rate is reduced by 26.0%. The impact and flexural strengths are slightly lowered, while the storage modulus is enhanced remarkably compared with that for neat EP. The flame retardant mechanism is systematically explored focusing on the interfacial interactions of different hybrids within the epoxy matrix, ushering in a new stage of study of nanostructural design-guided interface manipulation in MOF-based polymer nanocomposites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boyou Hou
- National Engineering Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Kunpeng Song
- National Engineering Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Zeeshan Ur Rehman
- College of Mechatronic Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwon, Gyeongsangnam-do 51140, Republic of Korea
| | - Tinglu Song
- Experimental Center of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Tao Lin
- Tsinghua University, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Wenchao Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Ye-Tang Pan
- National Engineering Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Rongjie Yang
- National Engineering Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Shi H, Li Z, Li X, Zhang Z. Superior flame retardancy and smoke suppression of poly (vinyl chloride) composites with iron/tin‐doped bismuth oxychloride. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.52210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huili Shi
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Applied Technology of Hybrid Nanomaterials Henan University Kaifeng China
| | - Zhiwei Li
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Applied Technology of Hybrid Nanomaterials Henan University Kaifeng China
| | - Xiaohong Li
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Applied Technology of Hybrid Nanomaterials Henan University Kaifeng China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Applied Technology of Hybrid Nanomaterials Henan University Kaifeng China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Wang H, He Z, Li X, Wang Y, Yao D, Zheng Y. Improving the flame retardancy of epoxy resin with
ZIF
‐67@
GO‐PA
nanohybrid as filler. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.52211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongni Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an China
| | - Zhongjie He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an China
| | - Xiaoqian Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an China
| | - Yudeng Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an China
| | - Dongdong Yao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an China
| | - Yaping Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Chen F, Wang J, Guo Z, Jiang F, Ouyang R, Ding P. Machine Learning and Structural Design to Optimize the Flame Retardancy of Polymer Nanocomposites with Graphene Oxide Hydrogen Bonded Zinc Hydroxystannate. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:53425-53438. [PMID: 34482690 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c12767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Designing flame-retardant polymers with high performance is a long-standing challenge, partly because of the time-consuming traditional approaches based on experiential intuition and trial-and-error screenings. Inspired by the effective new paradigm of data-driven material discovery, we used machine learning to analyze experimental data to accelerate the development of new flame-retardant polymers. To explore the relationship between limit oxygen index (LOI) and components, we prepared 20 composites and then trained a simple equation for the LOI using the method sure independence screening and sparsifying operator (SISSO). The data analysis allows us for a better understanding of the flame-retardant mechanism and components, and the equation has good accuracy in guiding the design of composites with high flame-retardant performance. Meanwhile, the increasing structural design of flame retardants is crucial to flame-retardant polymer composites. We proposed a structure of nano graphene oxide (GO) wrapped micro zinc hydroxystannate (ZHS) in a simple but effective way as a novel flame-retardant agent to enhance the flame retardancy and mechanical properties of polypropylene (PP) composites. The GO sheets were like "light yarns" wrapped onto the ZHS via hydrogen bonding in an ethanol solution. The selected samples were analyzed to confirm the predictive LOI model. The resultant composites with the substitution of intumescent flame retardant (IFR) by 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 wt % ZHS@GO conferred better flame retardancy compared with PP composite containing only IFR, reflected by the efficient increase of LOI value and V0 rating of UL-94 vertical tests. The analysis principles and facile fabrication strategies proposed in this work could be important for developing highly flame retardant composites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fengqing Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, PR China
- Research Center of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Jinhe Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, PR China
- Research Center of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Zhen Guo
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, 333 Nanchen Road, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Fang Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, PR China
- Research Center of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Runhai Ouyang
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, 333 Nanchen Road, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Peng Ding
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, PR China
- Research Center of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Yuan Y, Pan YT, Zhang W, Feng M, Wang N, Wang DY, Yang R. Delamination and Engineered Interlayers of Ti 3C 2 MXenes using Phosphorous Vapor toward Flame-Retardant Epoxy Nanocomposites. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:48196-48207. [PMID: 34605632 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c11863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
As recently created inorganic nanosheet materials, more and more light has been shed on MXenes, which have emerged as a hotspot of intensive investigations. The simple exfoliation method for MXenes attracts numerous studies to pay efforts on. Compared with the extensive research about ultrasonication and mechanical milling, gas-assisted exfoliation has never been carried out for MXenes. Meanwhile, MXene-based nanocomposites are always prepared after exfoliation step by step. In this work, a facile way to fabricate a few-layered Ti3C2 MXene delaminated using phosphorous vapor evolved from commercial red phosphorous (RP) is put forward. The vapor deposits on the surface of Ti3C2 and also partially intercalates into the interlayers to obtain a novel two-dimensional RP/Ti3C2 nanocomposite directly. The P element strongly connects with the substrate by a covalent bond that improves the safety problems for RP during storage and usage. Due to the versatile feature of MXenes, the nanocomposite has the potential to be applied in a variety of fields. Herein, it is employed as a flame retardant for epoxide resin and effectively reduces fire disaster. The one-step exfoliation plus nanocomposite fabrication provides a more feasible way for the practical application of MXenes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongshuai Yuan
- National Engineering Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Ye-Tang Pan
- National Engineering Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Wenchao Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Mingjie Feng
- National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Na Wang
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory for Synthesis and Preparation of Special Functional Materials, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China
| | - De-Yi Wang
- IMDEA Materials Institute, C/Eric Kandel, 2, Getafe 28906, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rongjie Yang
- National Engineering Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Huo Z, Wu H, Song Q, Zhou Z, Wang T, Xie J, Qu H. Synthesis of zinc hydroxystannate/reduced graphene oxide composites using chitosan to improve poly(vinyl chloride) performance. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 256:117575. [PMID: 33483070 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Chitosan-modified zinc hydroxystannate (ZHS-CS) was synthesized using the cations of the biomaterial chitosan (CS) and ion replacement strategy. A ZHS-CS and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) hybrid flame retardant (ZHS-CS/rGO) was synthesized for use in flexible poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC). Scanning electron microscopy images indicated that ZHS-CS and rGO were evenly dispersed in ZHS-CS/rGO without agglomeration. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy results showed that rGO was fully reduced. The flame-retardant and mechanical properties of PVC composites were investigated using the limiting oxygen index (LOI), a cone calorimeter, and mechanical equipment. By replacing one-fifth of the zinc ions in ZHS by chitosan cations to obtain Sn-4Zn-1CS/rGO, the ZHS-CS/rGO was found to improve PVC composite performance. The total heat release and total smoke release of PVC/Sn-4Zn-1CS/rGO were reduced by 24.2 and 40.0 %, respectively, from those of pure PVC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Huo
- The Flame Retardant Material and Processing Technology Engineering Research Center of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Hongjuan Wu
- Department of Basic Courses, Agriculture University of Hebei, Huanghua, 061100, China
| | - Qingyi Song
- The Flame Retardant Material and Processing Technology Engineering Research Center of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Zhaoxi Zhou
- The Flame Retardant Material and Processing Technology Engineering Research Center of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Tian Wang
- The Flame Retardant Material and Processing Technology Engineering Research Center of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Jixing Xie
- The Flame Retardant Material and Processing Technology Engineering Research Center of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Hongqiang Qu
- The Flame Retardant Material and Processing Technology Engineering Research Center of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
|
24
|
Hu M, Shu Y, Kirillov A, Liu W, Yang L, Dou W. Epoxy Functional Composites Based on Lanthanide Metal-Organic Frameworks for Luminescent Polymer Materials. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:7625-7634. [PMID: 33533612 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c23030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The integration of metal-organic frameworks (MOF) into organic polymers represents a direct and effective strategy for developing innovative composite materials that combine the exceptional properties of MOFs with the robustness of organic polymers. However, the preparation of MOF@polymer hybrid composites requires an efficient dispersion and interaction of MOF particles with polymer matrices, which remains a significant challenge. In this work, a new simple and direct approach was applied for the development of Ln-MOF@polymer materials. A series of Ln-MOF@TGIC composites {Ln-MOF = [Ln(μ3-BTC)(H2O)6]n (Ln-BTC), where Ln = Eu, Tb, Eu0.05Tb0.95; H3BTC = 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid; TGIC = triglycidyl isocyanurate} were successfully obtained by applying a grinding method via the chemical bonding between uncoordinated carboxylate groups in Ln-BTC and epoxy groups in TGIC. The Ln-BTC@TGIC materials possess significant fluorescence characteristics with superior emission lifetimes and quantum yields if compared to parent Ln-MOFs. Interestingly, under the UV irradiation, a considerable color change from yellow in Eu0.05Tb0.95-BTC to red in Eu0.05Tb0.95-BTC@TGIC was observed. The energy-transfer mechanism was also rationalized by the density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The developed Ln-BTC@TGIC composites were further applied as functional fluorescent coatings for the fabrication, via a simple spraying method, of the flexible polyimide (PI) films, Ln-BTC@TGIC@PI. Thus, the present work unveils a new methodology and expands its applicability for the design and assembly of stable, multicomponent, and soft polymer materials with remarkable fluorescence properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Ying Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Alexander Kirillov
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Complexo I, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
- Research Institute of Chemistry, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, Moscow 117198, Russia
| | - Weisheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Lizi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Wei Dou
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Meng W, Wu H, Wu R, Wang T, Wang A, Ma J, Xu J, Qu H. Fabrication of surface-modified magnesium hydroxide using Ni2+ chelation method and layer-by-layer assembly strategy: Improving the flame retardancy and smoke suppression properties of ethylene-vinyl acetate. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.125712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
26
|
Yuan Y, Pan YT, Zhang Z, Zhang W, Li X, Yang R. Nickle nanocrystals decorated on graphitic nanotubes with broad channels for fire hazard reduction of epoxy resin. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 402:123880. [PMID: 33254821 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are a sort of carbon-based nanofillers blended into polymer nanocomposites to improve both of the flame retardancy and mechanical properties. However, the CNTs tend to entangle into bundles and the channels are too narrow to allow the entry of polymer chains, harmful to the dispersion and interaction within the polymer matrix. Therefore, by means of a facile pyrolysis method, boron and nitrogen co-doped larger-diameter graphitic nanotubes with decorated nickel nanocrystals (Ni/GNTs) were developed as flame retardant for epoxy resin (EP). The nanotubes are short but with large specific surface area. Compared to the commercial CNTs, the epoxy chain could infiltrate into the channels of Ni/GNTs which was approved by different techniques. The unique nanostructure endowed the product with strong interaction with the polymer matrix. The fire behaviors were examined by cone calorimeter tests, and the results showed that with the addition of 2 wt% Ni/GNTs, the peak of heat release rate and the total smoke production values of the nanocomposites were reduced by 43.5 % and 22.8 % compared with those of pure epoxy, respectively. Meanwhile, the flexural and tensile properties of EP/Ni/GNTs were also enhanced.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongshuai Yuan
- National Engineering Technology Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Ye-Tang Pan
- National Engineering Technology Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China.
| | - Zhida Zhang
- National Engineering Technology Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Wenchao Zhang
- National Engineering Technology Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Xiangmei Li
- National Engineering Technology Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Rongjie Yang
- National Engineering Technology Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Zhang W, Zhang W, Pan YT, Yang R. Facile synthesis of transition metal containing polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane complexes with mesoporous structures and their applications in reducing fire hazards, enhancing mechanical and dielectric properties of epoxy composites. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 401:123439. [PMID: 32763718 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Transition metal (Co or Fe) containing polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane complexes (M@POSS-COOH) were prepared from octa carboxyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (OC-POSS). The structures of OC-POSS and M@POSS-COOH were characterized by FT-IR, NMR, MALDI-TOF MS and XRD. Fe@POSS-COOH and Co@POSS-COOH possess mesoporous structures, whose Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface areas (SBET) are 58.7 m2/g and 46.3 m2/g, respectively. The remaining carboxyl groups of M@POSS-COOH that can react with epoxy groups along with the mesoporous structure increase the network strength of the epoxy resin (EP), and play a significant role in improving the mechanical properties, dielectric properties and thermal properties of the composites. Furthermore, the elemental composition of transition metal and silicon oxygen in the M@POSS-COOH structures significantly increases the amount of char residues of EP composites during the combustion of the material through elements catalysis and surface enrichment, which significantly reduces the toxic smoke density and fire hazards of EP composites. The structural and elemental merits of M@POSS-COOH significantly improve the overall performance of epoxy resin and occupy broad application space.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenyuan Zhang
- National Engineering Technology Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Wenchao Zhang
- National Engineering Technology Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China.
| | - Ye-Tang Pan
- National Engineering Technology Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Rongjie Yang
- National Engineering Technology Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Wang H, Li S, Zhu Z, Yin X, Wang L, Weng Y, Wang X. A novel DOPO-based flame retardant containing benzimidazolone structure with high charring ability towards low flammability and smoke epoxy resins. Polym Degrad Stab 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2020.109426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
29
|
Zhang J, Li Z, Qi XL, Wang DY. Recent Progress on Metal-Organic Framework and Its Derivatives as Novel Fire Retardants to Polymeric Materials. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2020; 12:173. [PMID: 34138156 PMCID: PMC7770673 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-020-00497-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
High flammability of polymers has become a major issue which has restricted its applications. Recently, highly crystalline materials and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), which consisted of metal ions and organic linkers, have been intensively employed as novel fire retardants (FRs) for a variety of polymers (MOF/polymer). The MOFs possessed abundant transition metal species, fire-retardant elements and potential carbon source accompanied with the facile tuning of the structure and property, making MOF, its derivatives and MOF hybrids promising for fire retardancy research. The recent progress and strategies to prepare MOF-based FRs are emphasized and summarized. The fire retardancy mechanisms of MOF/polymer composites are explained, which may guide the future design for efficient MOF-based FRs. Finally, the challenges and prospects related to different MOF-based FRs are also discussed and aim to provide a fast and holistic overview, which is beneficial for researchers to quickly get up to speed with the latest development in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- IMDEA Materials Institute, C/Eric Kandel 2, 28906, Getafe, Madrid, Spain
- Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, E.T.S. de Ingenieros de Caminos, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Zhi Li
- China-Spain Collaborative Research Center for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing, 400074, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Lin Qi
- IMDEA Materials Institute, C/Eric Kandel 2, 28906, Getafe, Madrid, Spain
| | - De-Yi Wang
- IMDEA Materials Institute, C/Eric Kandel 2, 28906, Getafe, Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Effects of a Macromolecule Spirocyclic Inflatable Flame Retardant on the Thermal and Flame Retardant Properties of Epoxy Resin. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12010132. [PMID: 31935810 PMCID: PMC7022497 DOI: 10.3390/polym12010132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A new strategy for the preparation of an integrated three-source intumescent flame retardant (IFR) has been developed to improve the flame-retardant and smoke suppression performance of epoxy resin (EP) with a synergistic flame retardant effect. Herein, the synthesis of a macromolecular spirocyclic phosphorus/nitrogen-containing IFR poly sulfonamide spirocyclic pentaerythritol bisphosphonate (SAPC) is reported via a two-step method that uses pentaerythritol, phosphorus oxychloride and sulfonamide (SAA) as raw materials. Subsequently, the SAPC was incorporated into EP to prepare the composite to investigate its thermal stability, flame retardancy, and smoke suppression performance. Herein, a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis showed that the addition of SAPC increased the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the composite. Cone test results indicated that the incorporation of 8 wt % SAPC significantly improved the flame-retardant performance for the composite, with a 43.45% decrease in peak of heat release rate, a 28.55% reduction in total heat release, and a 30.04% decrease in total smoke release. Additionally, the composite received the V-0 rating in a UL-94 vertical burning test, accompanied by the “blowout” phenomenon. After the addition of SAPC, the amount of flammable gas products from the EP composite decomposition was obviously suppressed, and the amount of non-flammable as was increased. All of this suggests a good dilution role of SAPC. There are enough reasons to believe that the enhanced flame-retardant and toxicity suppression performance for the EP composite can be attributed to the good coordination of carbonization agent, acid source, and blowing agent in the SAPC structure.
Collapse
|